Reprisals, 234

Revolution, moral right of, 146–147;
types of, 147-148; right of, 148; ex-
amples of, 148-149
Rights, political, 169–170
River boundaries, 225-226

Roman law, spread of, in Europe, 181-
185; influence on international law,
201, 205, 210-211

Rome, formation of Empire, 91-92;
law of, 182-185; influence on inter-
national law, 201; elections in, 314
Roosevelt, T., policy of, concerning
intervention, 221

Rousseau, J., political theory of, 121–
122, 130

Rule of 1756, 240

Russia, civil liberty in, 168-169; First
Duma in, 172-173; colonial policy
of, 466-467

Science, influence on reform, 98-99;
in lawmaking, 186-187
Search, method of, 242
Secession, ordinance of, 148
Separation of powers, evolution of,
327-328; development of theory of,
329-330; Montesquieu on, 330–331;
Blackstone on, 331; United States
Supreme Court on, 331; criticism of,
333-335

Seward, W. H., policy of, concerning
intervention, 221

Sexual preference, 51-53
Social-contract theory, 120-122
Social-Democratic Federation, in Eng-
land, program of, 497-498
Social movement, lines of, 38

Social organization, in primitive times,
73-75, 87-89

Socialism, origin of, 487–488; develop-

ment of, 488-490; elements of, 490-
491; strength of, 491-492; weak-
ness of, 492-493; in present politics,
494-500

Sociology, relation to political science,

7-8; sovereignty from standpoint of,
130-132

Solicitors, in England, 389-390

South Carolina, ordinance of secession
of, 148

Sovereignty, definition of, 23; nature

of, 23; meanings of, 127-128; as
unlimited power, 128-129; character-
istics of, 129; as supreme will, 130;
from a sociological standpoint, 130-
132; limits of, 132-133; of the
people, 133-134; political, 134-135;
ultimate, 135; legal, 135-136; as

total lawmaking power, 137-138; di-
visibility of, 138-139; delegation of,
139; present theory of, 140–141;
criticism of, 141-142; in international
law, 142-143; in constitutional and
international law, 143-145; relation
to liberty, 151; territorial, 203; rela-
tion to state functions, 505-506
Spain, colonies of, 456-457
Speaker, of House of Representatives,
353-354

Spencer, H., political theory of, 122-
123

Spheres of influence, 472
Spoils system, 376-377, 414-417
Staatsidee, 22

Stagnation, relation to progress, 82-85
State, definitions of, 19; nature of, 19-
20; essentials of, 21; idea and con-
cept of, 22; physical basis of, 25-44;
population of, 45-67; origin of, 68-
86; evolution of, 87-106; ancient,
87-92; medieval, 92-97; modern, 97–
104; theories of, 107-126; relation to
other states, 195-217; independence
and equality of, 218-224; property
and jurisdiction of, 224-229; diplo-
macy among, 229-234; war among,
234-238; neutrality among, 239-243;
neutralized, 239; classification of,
244-247; organization of, 257-262;
relationship among, 263-267; origin
of constitution in, 291-292; two
functions of, 334-335; aims of, 477-
481

State building, forces in, 72-73
State papers, as a source of interna-
tional law, 209
Statesmen, types of, 67
Suez Canal, 239-240

Suffrage, woman, 308; restrictions on
negro, 309-310; educational test for,
310; of military forces, 310–311;
exercise of, 311

Supreme Court, on divisibility of sover-
eignty, 138; in interpreting the Con-
stitution, 302-304; on separation of
powers, 331; distrust of, 397-398;
defense of, 398-399; in the future,
399-400
Suzerainty, 246

Switzerland, powers of federal govern-
ment in, 275-276; preamble to con-
stitution of, 290; amendment of
constitution in, 300-301; democracy
in, compared to Greece, 315-316;
origin of referendum in, 317-318;
government of cantons in, 425-426

Taboo, 75, 180-181

Taine, H. A., 26

Tariff, value of, 515-516; in Europe,
516; difficulty of reduction in the
United States, 517
Taxation, theory of, 506

Territorial waters, 224-225
Territory, essential to state, 19-21; of
a state, 224-226; acquisition of, by
discovery, 226

Third parties, function of, 403-404
Thirty Years' War, influence on inter-
national law, 204
Three-mile limit, 225

Time Spirit, importance of, 46
Totem group, 73-75
Treasury bench, 351

Treaties, as a source of international
law, 209; gifts accompanying, 232
Tribe, as a form of social organization,
87-89

Trusts, regulation of, 513-514
Tyrannis, 89-90

Unam Sanctum, 114
Unconstitutional law, 394-396
Unions, classification of, 263-266
United States, race elements in, 53-54;
political theory in, 125-126; civil
liberty in, 163-165; influence of, on
international law, 206-207; state-
ments of, concerning intervention,
220-221; intervention of, in Cuba,
221-222; policy of, in neutral trade,
241; theory of union in, 271-272;
distribution of powers in, 272-273;
conception of Constitution in, 289;
preamble to Constitution in, 291;
sources of Constitution in, 294-295;
adoption of Constitution in, 296;
amendment of Constitution in, 301-
302; interpretation of Constitution in,
302-304; methods of influencing vot-
ers in, 315; initiative and referendum

in, 319-320; checks and balances in,
332; division of powers in, 336-338;
apportionment of representatives in,
344-345; relation of Houses of Con-
gress in, 347-348; powers of Con-
gress in, 359-360; overlegislation in,
361; relation of executive to Congress
in, 364; types of presidential candi-
dates in, 364-366; cabinet in, 369;
civil service in, 376-378; powers of
President in, 382; method of choos-
ing judges in, 388-389; importance
of lawyers in, 390-391; history of
parties in, 405-407; legal responsi-
bility of parties in, 420-422; com-
monwealth government in, 427-428;
local government in, 430-431; munic-
ipal reform in, 440-444; influence of
colonies on, 451-452; expansion of,
460-461; colonial policy of, 468–470;
relation to Cuba, 473-474; socialism
in, 498-499; public industry in, 511–
512; tariff in, 517
Veto, 382-383

War, influence on state origin, 81-82;
in international law, 234-238; kinds
of, 234-235; residence in, 235; effect
of, on ownership of land, 235-236;
prisoners in, 236; methods of carry-
ing on, 237-238

Washington, G., policy of, concerning
intervention, 220

Webster, D., policy of, concerning in-
tervention, 220

Will, of the State, 1-3; sovereignty as,
130, 137-138

Woman suffrage, arguments for, 308
World powers, 195-197
Writs, 393

Zeitgeist, 47
Zemstvos, 172
Zollverein, 298