The Archaeology of Mainland Southeast Asia: From 10,000 B.C. to the Fall of AngkorCambridge University Press, 1989. 5. 11. - 387페이지 Southeast Asia was the scene of one of the world's major civilisations, that of Angkor, until it was sacked in the early fifteenth century. The origins of Angkor were barely known until recent archaeological excavation and field research began to reveal the region's dynamic development and to raise new questions to serve in its understanding. This important new synthesis focuses on the social world of early mainland Southeast Asia: Thailand, Vietnam, Kampuchea, Laos and adjacent areas. The book begins when the area was occupied 12,000 years ago by hunters and gatherers. The author stresses the importance of sedentism and domestication. These encouraged the spread of coastal communities into the interior valleys. Particular relevance is seen in the exchange of valuables, including bronze, as symbols of status. The origins of civilisation, for long assumed to result from Indian expansion in the region, are seen as rooted in local changes, along with the selective adoption of Indian religious and political ideas within coastal cheifdoms. In bridging the gap between prehistory and history, this book will appeal not only to archaeologists but to those interested in the general history, culture and arts of Asia. |
목차
Introduction | 1 |
The personality of Southeast Asia | 5 |
The history of archaeology in Southeast Asia | 15 |
Themes and approaches | 28 |
Huntergatherer communities and early domestication | 31 |
The coast and hills of Bac Bo | 33 |
Coastal groups in Viet Nam | 43 |
A hunting and gathering tradition in the North Thai uplands | 45 |
the Dong Son phase | 192 |
The Chao Phraya plains | 204 |
The Khorat plateau | 209 |
The uplands of Laos | 228 |
The Vietnamese coastal plains | 230 |
The transition from autonomy to centrality | 233 |
The development of mandalas | 239 |
India and China | 242 |
summary | 59 |
The huntergatherer occupation of the Chao Phraya plains | 61 |
Coastal settlement round the Gulf of Siam | 65 |
Domestication | 80 |
The expansion of domestic communities | 90 |
The Khorat plateau | 92 |
A general cultural framework | 99 |
Ban Chiang | 106 |
Ban Na Di | 113 |
Other excavated sites in the northern Khorat plateau | 117 |
Ban Chiang Hian and related sites | 121 |
Dating General Periods A and B | 123 |
The subsistence basis of General Periods A and B | 130 |
The human remains | 139 |
The material culture of General Periods A and B | 141 |
The social organisation | 153 |
The lower Chao Phraya valley | 157 |
The lower Mekong and its hinterland | 169 |
The coastal plains of Central Viet Nam | 173 |
The Bac Bo region | 175 |
The expansion of domestic communities and the adoption of bronzeworking | 185 |
The end of autonomy and emergence of chiefdoms | 190 |
Geographic regions which sustained mandalas | 245 |
summary | 254 |
summary | 268 |
AD200950 | 269 |
The Mun and Chi valleys in Northeast Thailand | 279 |
three border commanderies | 287 |
The mandalas of Champa | 297 |
The dynastic history of Linyi | 298 |
the Cham mandalas | 302 |
summary | 306 |
Summary | 318 |
The Angkorian Mandala | 321 |
The dynastic history and main historic events | 324 |
Taxation | 344 |
The means of destruction | 346 |
Agriculture | 348 |
The pursuit of perfection | 352 |
Summary and conclusions | 353 |
Concluding remarks | 356 |
363 | |
379 | |
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자주 나오는 단어 및 구문
agricultural Angkor Angkorian Mandala animal archaeological axes Bac Bo Ban Chiang Ban Chiang Hian Bayard beads bones bracelets bronze-working burials cemetery central centralisation centre century A.D. Cham Chao Phraya valley chiefdoms China Chinese clay coastal contexts decoration delta domestic Dong dry season Dvaravati early evidence excavated exchange exotic expansion fish floodplain fragments grave groups Gulf of Siam habitat Hoabinhian hunter-gatherer important included Indian inscriptions involved iron Jayavarman Jayavarman VII jewellery Khmer Khok Phanom Khorat plateau land layers located lower Mekong major maṇḍala mandalas Mekong valley millennium B.C. moated mortuary moulds Muang Northeast Thailand Oc Eo occupation overlord period phase Phu Wiang Phung Nguyen plains pots pottery vessels probably radiocarbon dates Red River region remains revealed rice cultivation ritual ruler Sanskrit settlement shell shellfish Śiva soil Southeast Asia Spirit Cave status stone adzes suggested temple tion Tonle Sap uplands variables Viet Vietnamese village Zhenla