3. Neither a borrower nor a lender be:
For loan oft loses both itself and friend;
And borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry.
This above all-To thine own self be true;
And it must follow, as the night the day,
Thou canst not then be false to any man.

QUESTIONS.-1. Who is represented as speaking in the first extract? 2. Why could he not pray? 3. Why could he not expect to be forgiven of the foul murder of his brother? 4. What may offense's gilded hand sometimes do? 5. How is it above?-6. What advice is given relative to our thoughts in the second extract? 7. What relative to quarreling? 8. What relative to borrowing?

Why the rising inflection on murder, second verse? (Rule I. Note II.) How are crown, ambition, and queen, parsed, same verse? Why is this emphatic, third verse? What inflection do the exclamations take, fourth verse? What examples of absolute emphasis, same verse? What inflection do the commands, second part, take? (Rule VII.)

LESSON CXV.

SPELL AND DEFINE.-1. Foibles, failings resulting from weakness. 2. Chasm, an opening in the earth or rocks; a cleft. 3. Extenuate, to lessen; to diminish, as a crime. 4. Malice, a disposition to injure others without cause. 5. Unfathomed, not to be measured. 6. Paltry, mean; worthless. 7. Pealed, sounded

Select Paragraphs.
Death,

AND sure no blessing nobler can be given,
Where one short anguish is the price of heaven.
Our Judgment.

'Tis with our judgment as our watches; none
Go just alike, yet each believes his own.

Kindness.

Since trifles make the sum of human things,
And half our misery from our foibles springs;
Since life's best joys consist in peace and ease,
And few can save or serve, but all can please;
O let the ungentle spirit learn from hence,-
A small unkindness is a great offense.

Caution.

Heat not a furnace for your foe so hot,
That it doth singe yourself.

Succession of Human Beings.

Like leaves on trees the life of man is found,
Now green in youth, now withering on the ground;
Another race the following spring supplies,

They fall successive, and successive rise:
So generations in their course decay;
So flourish these, when those have passed away.

The acquisition of Knowledge.

As up the tower of knowledge slow we rise,
How wide and fair the opening prospect lies!
But while the view expands, the path grows steeper,
The steps more slippery, and the chasm's deeper:
Then why climb on? Not for the prospect's beauty,
Not for the triumph, but because 'tis duty.

Candor.

Speak of me as I am; nothing extenuate,
Nor set down aught in malice.

Hidden Worth.

Full many a gem of

purest ray serene,

The dark, unfathomed caves of ocean bear; Full many a flower is born to blush unseen, And waste its sweetness on the desert air.

Good and Ill.

Two tasks are ours, to know and understand
Evil and good, and name their various band;
But worthier far, with cheerful will to choose
Whate'er is good, and all the ill refuse.

Why all this toil for triumphs of an hour?
What though we wade in wealth, or soar in fame?
Earth's highest station ends in' Here he lies' :
And dust to dust' concludes her noblest song.

६

Joys of Fortune-trifling.

Alas! the joys that fortune brings,

Are trifling, and decay;

And those who prize the paltry things,
More trifling still than they.

Hope.

Eternal Hope! when yonder spheres sublime
l'eal'd their first notes to sound the march of Time,
Thy joyous youth began-but not to fade.—
When all the sister planets have decay'd;
When wrapt in fire the realms of ether glow
And Heaven's last thunder shakes the world below,
Thou, undismayed, shall o'er the ruins smile,
And light thy torch at Nature's funeral pile!

QUESTIONS.-How do you account for the inflections marked in the third paragraph? (Rule IV.) How those in the sixth? (Rule VI. Note I.) Which are the unemphatic words in the first paragraph, and why? Has the third paragraph the cesural pause? On which syllables occurs the metrical accent? On which in the fifth paragraph? To what do these and those refer, last line, fifth paragraph? How is gem parsed, eighth paragraph? To what does thou refer, last verse?

LESSON CXVI.

SPELL AND DEFINE.-1. Physical, pertaining to nature. 2. Political, pertaining to government. 3. Christendom, countries inhabited by Christians. 4. Antecedent, going before; preceding. 5. Melioration, the act of making better; improvement. 6. Inalienable, that can not be justly given to another. 7. Pre-eminent, superior in excellence. 8. Disseminating, scattering; spreading. 9. Amalgamating, mixing or uniting of different things. 10. Analogous, bearing some resemblance; similar. 11. Antiquated, grown old; out of use. 12. Reciprocal, done by each to the other; mutual. 13. Collision, a striking together; a elashing. 14. Implacable, that can not be appeased or pacified; stubborn. 15. Dy' nas ty; government; sovereignty; a race of kings who govern a particular country. 16. Scath, injury; damage.

Should the termination of one word be blended with the beginning of another? (Les. I. 6—4th.)

Effects of the Modern Diffusion of Knowledge.WAYLAND.

In consequence of this general diffusion of intelligence, nations are becoming vastly better acquainted with the physical, moral, and political conditions of each other. hatever of any moment is transacted in the legislative

assemblies of one country, is now very soon known, not merely to the rulers, but also to the people, of every other country. Nay, an interesting occurrence of any nature can not transpire in an insignificant town of Europe or America, without finding its way, through the medium of the national journals, to the eyes and ears of all Christendom.

2. Every man must now be in a considerable degree a spectator of the doings of the world, or he is soon very far in the rear of the intelligence of the day. Indeed he has only to read a respectable newspaper, and he may be informed of the discoveries in the arts, the discussions in the senates, and the bearings of public opinion all over the world. The reasons of all, this may chiefly be found in that increased desire of information, which characterizes the mass of society in the present age.

3. Intelligence of every kind, and especially political information, has become an article of profit-and when once this is the case, there can be no doubt that it will be abundantly supplied. Besides this, it is important to remark, that the art of navigation has been within a few years materially improved, and commercial relations have become vastly more extensive. The establishment of packet ships between the two continents, has brought London and Paris as near to us as Pittsburg and New Orleans.

4. There is every reason to believe, that, within the next half century, steam navigation will render communication between the ports of Europe and America as frequent, and almost as regular, as that by ordinary mails. The commercial houses of every nation are establishing their agencies in the principal cities of every other nation, and thus binding together the people by every tie of interest, while at the same time they are furnishing innumerable channels, by which information may be circulated among every class of the community.

5. Hence it is, that the moral influence, which nations are exerting upon each other, is greater than it has been at any antecedent period in the history of the world. The institu tions of our country are becoming known, almost of necessity, to every other country. Knowledge provokes to comparison, and comparison leads to reflection. The fact that others are happier than themselves prompts men to inquire whence this difference proceeds, and how their own melioration may be accomplished.

6. By simply looking upon a free people, an oppressed people instinctively feel that they have inalienable rights, and they will never afterwards be at rest, until the enjoyment of these rights is guarantied to them. Thus one form of government, which in any pre-eminent degree promotes the happiness of man, is gradually, but irresistibly disseminating the principles of its constitution, and, from the very fact of its existence calling into being those trains of thought, which must in the end revolutionize every government within the sphere of its influence, under which the people are oppressed.

upon

7. And thus is it that the field, in which mind may labor, has now become wide as the limits of civilization. A doctrine advanced by one man if it have any claim to interest, is soon known to every other man. The movement of one intellect now sets in motion the intellects of millions. We may now calculate upon effects, not upon a state or a people, but the melting, amalgamating mass of human nature. 8. Man is now the instrument which genius wields at its will-it touches a chord of the human heart, and nations vibrate in unison. And thus he who can rivet the attention of a community upon an elementary principle hitherto neglected in politics or morals, or who can bring an acknowledged principle to bear upon an existing abuse, may, by his own intellectual might, with only the assistance of the transform the institutions of an empire or a world.

press

9. In many respects the nations of Christendom collect ively are becoming somewhat analogous to our own Federal Republic. Antiquated distinctions are breaking away, and local animosities are subsiding. The common people of different countries are knowing each other better. esteeming each other more, and attaching themselves to each other by various manifestations of reciprocal good will. It is true,

avery nation has still its separate boundaries, and its individual interests-but the freedom of commercial intercourse is allowing those interests to adjust themselves to each other, and thus rendering the causes of collision of vastly less frequent occurrence.

10. Local questions are becoming of less, and general questions of greater importance. Thanks be to God, men nave at last begun to understand the rights and feel the wrongs of each other. Mountains interposed do not so much make enemies of nations. Let the trumpet of alarm he