some amateur sanitarians of great benevolence and energy, who would do quite as much at the solicitation of a mayor or a governor, without fee or reward, as when made members of an expensive board of health.

But, admitting all that can be urged in favor of such boards, it is plainly our duty to prevent their creation, when asked for by, or placed under the control of the American Medical Association, or any other sectarian and illiberal body.

A judicious display of arguments from the standpoint of the people against the creation of new political offices, the imposition of additional tax-burdens, and the aggrandizement of certain medical bodies and medical men, to the injury of others, will be sufficient to defeat the projects of the American Public Health Association in Congress and in every legislature in the land.

LI.

CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS.

(ADOPTED JUNE 10TH, 1874.)

CONSTITUTION.

ARTICLE I.-NAME AND OBJECT.

This Association shall be styled the AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF HOMEOPATHY, and its object the improvement of homoeopathic therapeutics and all other departments of medical science.

ARTICLE II.-MEMBERS.

The Institute shall be composed of those physicians who are already members, and of such others as may be hereafter chosen in conformity with the By-laws.

ARTICLE III.-OFFICERS.

The officers of the Institute shall be a President, Vice-President, a General Secretary, a Provisional Secretary, and a Treasurer, with such other officers as shall be designated by the Bylaws, to be chosen at such time, in such manner, for such a period, and with such duties, as these By-laws shall ordain.

ARTICLE IV.-SEAL.

The Institute shall have and use one common seal, with a suitable device and inscription.

ARTICLE V.-AMENDMENTS.

This Constitution may be altered or amended by a vote of two-thirds of all the members present at the regular annual meeting, provided that notice of such alteration or amendment shall have been given in writing at a previous annual meeting of the Institute.

BY-LAWS.

ARTICLE I.-MEETINGS.

The Institute shall hold at least one session in each year, at such time and place as may be determined upon from time to

time.

ARTICLE II.-OFFICERS.

SECTION 1. The officers shall be elected by ballot at each annual session of the Institute, and shall enter upon their respective duties the first day of January following.

SECTION 2. The officers of the Institute, viz., the President, Vice-President, General Secretary, Provisional Secretary, and Treasurer, shall constitute an Executive Committee, which shall arrange the business of the meetings, attend to matters of business not otherwise specially provided for, and perform such other duties as may by vote of the Institute devolve upon it.

ARTICLE III.-DUTIES OF OFFICERS.

SECTION 1. The President shall preside at the meetings of the Institute and perform the duties usually pertaining to his office, together with such others as may by vote of the Institute devolve upon him. He shall sign all certificates of membership. He shall deliver an address at the opening of each session on the progress of Homoeopathy during the year past, and make such suggestions as he may deem necessary for the Institute to take action on during the session.

SECTION 2. The Vice-President shall perform the duties of the President in his absence or disability.

SECTION 3. The General Secretary shall keep a record of the proceedings of the meetings, conduct the correspondence of the Institute, issue notices of meetings, notify candidates of their election, sign certificates of membership, and perform such other duties as the Institute may direct.

SECTION 4. The Provisional Secretary shall assist the General Secretary, and in his absence perform his duties.

SECTION 5. The Treasurer shall receive all money belonging to the Institute, and make all disbursements under the recommendation of the Executive Committee. He shall furnish at each annual meeting a written report of the condition of the finances.

ARTICLE IV.-CENSORS.

At each annual session the Institute shall elect, by ballot, a

board of five censors (three of whom shall constitute a quorum), who shall receive and examine the credentials of candidates for membership, and report to the Institute for election such as may be found properly qualified. The censors shall enter upon their duties on the first day of January following their election.

ARTICLE V.-MEMBERSHIP.

SECTION 1. Candidates for membership shall present to the Board of Censors a certificate of three members of the Institute that the applicant has pursued a regular course of medical studies, according to the requirements of the existing institutions of this country, and sustains a good moral character and professional standing. Such certificate shall state when and where the applicant obtained a diploma. If found qualified the candidate may be elected a member. No person shall be considered a member, however, before paying an admission fee of two dollars, and the annual dues, which shall entitle him to a certificate of membership.

SECTION 2. Any physician, properly accredited as a delegate, shall be admitted during the session of the Institute to all the privileges of members, except voting and eligibility to office, on the following basis:

First. From every association composed of more than fifty members from different States, two delegates, with an additional delegate for every twenty members.

Second. From every State Society, two delegates, with an additional delegate for every twenty members.

Third. From every county or local society, one delegate. Fourth. From every college, hospital, asylum for the insane, or dispensary, actually established, one delegate.

Fifth. From every medical journal published one delegate.
Such delegates shall be elected for the term of one year.

SECTION 3. Any foreign physician may be elected a Corresponding Member of the Institute at any annual meeting, and shall have all the privileges of members except voting and eligibility to office.

SECTION 4. The Institute may, at any annual meeting, elect as Honorary Members, not to exceed five in one year, any foreign physicians who may be judged worthy, from their superior attainments in medicine; provided that the names of persons proposed for Honorary Membership shall have been presented at a previous annual meeting. Such Honorary Members shall have all the privileges of members except voting and eligibility to office.

SECTION 5. All members of the Institute who have maintained

twenty-five consecutive years of membership shall be considered Senior Members, and be exempt from the payment of annual dues; and the names of such members shall be printed first in the list of members, in capital letters.

SECTION 6. Of State Societies represented in the Institute, the Presidents shall be ex-officio Vice-Presidents, and the Recording Secretaries shall be ex-officio Corresponding Secretaries of the Institute, and these officers shall communicate through the various bureaus any facts or information concerning the condition of these societies, and the progress of medicine and homœopathy in their several States.

ARTICLE VI.-DUES.

SECTION 1. Members shall pay annually the sum of five dollars toward defraying the expenses of the Institute. The proceedings of the Institute will be sent to those members only who have paid their dues.

ARTICLE VII.-BUREAUS AND COMMITTEES.

SECTION 1. There shall be a Bureau of Materia Medica, Pharmacy, and Provings, consisting of at least nine members, which shall collate facts relating to the materia medica and pharmacy, and institute, collect, and arrange provings of drugs. SECTION 2. There shall be a Bureau of Clinical Medicine, consisting of at least nine members, which shall collect facts relating to clinical medicine generally, and especially to any endemic or epidemic diseases which may exist in the country.

SECTION 3. There shall be a Bureau of Obstetrics, consisting of at least nine members, which shall collect and report to the Institute facts and observations on subjects pertaining thereto. SECTION 4. There shall be a Bureau of Gynecology, consisting of at least nine members, which shall collect and report to the Institute facts and observations relating to the diseases of

women.

SECTION 5. There shall be a Bureau of Pædology, consisting of at least nine members, which shall collect and report to the Institute facts and observations relating to the diseases of children.

SECTION 6. There shall be a Bureau of General Sanitary Science, Climatology, and Hygiene, consisting of at least nine members, which shall report to the Institute facts and observations relating to these departments.

SECTION 7. There shall be a Bureau of Surgery, consisting of at least nine members, which shall report upon all improvements

in

surgery.