The officers are, president, E. G. Snow, Home, New York; vicepresidents, Benjamin Rush, Insurance Company of North America and R. M. Bissell, Hartford Fire; secretary, Wilfred Kurth, Home, New York, N. Y.

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF MARINE UNDERWRITERS, THE, was established by American ocean marine insurance companies March 31, 1898. On May 25th the following officers were elected: Charles Platt of Philadelphia, president of the Insurance Company of North America, president; A. A. Raven, president of the Atlantic Mutual Insurance Company of New York, vice-president; L. Allyn Wight of New York, secretary; A. J. Macdonald of New York, treasurer. The functions of the Institute are advisory, rather than legislative. Most of the marine insurance companies are represented in the membership. Herbert Appleton of the United States "Lloyds," is president, and William H. McGee, secretary and treasurer; address, 15 William Street, New York, N. Y.

AMERICAN INSURANCE COMPANY, THE, of Newark, N. J. Organized 1846; capital, $2,000,000. C. Weston Bailey, president; Chas. E. Sheldon and William E. Stewart, vice-presidents; John O. H. Pitney, vice-president and counsel; Frederick Hoadley, secretary; Roy C. Vanderhoof, assistant secretary; Archibald C. Cyphers, treasurer.

AMERICAN MERCHANT MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY, New York, N. Y. Organized 1916; capital, paid up, $300,000. Cecil P. Stewart, president; Wade Robinson, Arthur Hoyt, Harold W. Letton, vice-presidents; R. H. Lee Martin, secretary; John R. Van Horne, treasurer.

AMERICAN MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY, Indianapolis, Ind. Organized 1916; cash capital $166,400. Dr. Sellis Runnels, president; F. H. Irwin and J. P. Cook, vice-presidents; J. W. McGinety, secretary; George W. Snyder, treasurer.

AMERICAN MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Providence, R. I. Organized 1877. John R. Freeman, president and treasurer; Benj. G. Buttolph, Edwin D. Pingree and S. G. Walker, vice-presidents; Theodore P. Bogert, secretary and assistant treas

urer.

AMERICAN NATIONAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Columbus, O. Organized 1916; capital, paid-in, $350,000. John W. Zuber, president; Chas. S. M. Krumm and R. M. Fountain, vicepresidents; John A. Dodd, secretary; O. A. Schenck, treasurer.

AMERICAN STEAMSHIP OWNER'S MUTUAL PROTECTIVE AND INDEMNITY ASSOCIATION, Inc., 49 Wall Street, New York, N. Y. Organized 1917, Johnson & Higgins, managers; Russell H. Louies, secretary. (Marine Insurance.)

ANCIENT AND HONORABLE ORDER OF THE BLUE GOOSE, THE, was organized during the meeting of the Wisconsin Field Men's Club at Green Lake, Wis., in June, 1906. The order conceived in a spirit of fun, developed a serious purpose, and its objects are social and fraternal. The following officers were elected: Most Loyal Grand Gander, Walter E. Atwater, of the Commercial Union; His Highness, Supervisor of the Flock, Dr. W. E. Golden, Atlas; Grand Custodian of the Goslings, W. W. Conklin, Queen; Grand Wielder of the Goose Quill, George Heller, Jr., North America; Grand Keeper of the Golden Goose Egg, George A. Roberts, Detroit F. & M.; Guards to the Grand Custodian of the Goslings, L. S. Wallace, Pennsylvania Fire; C. H. Silkworth, Springfield; M. M. Hawxhurst, Michigan F. & M.; C. E. Hilbert, Lon. & Lanc.; Robe Bird, New York Underwriters; O. E. Lane, Providence Washington. At the meeting in November, 1907, a new constitution was adopted and the order changed into a national organization, with the different state branch organizations known as "ponds." Officers elected at the annual meeting in October, 1918, are: Most Loyal Grand Gander, W. J. Sonnen, St Paul Fire and Marine, Chicago; Grand Supervisor of the Flock, John A. Hanson, St. Paul; Grand Custodian of the Goslings, E. D. Marr, New York Underwriters, Kansas City, Mo.; Grand Guardian of the Nest, A. R. Monroe, Queen, Chicago; Grand Keeper of the Golden Goose Egg, Merritt M. Hawxhurst, Niagara, Detroit; Grand Wielder of the Goose Quill, Paul E. Rudd, Ætna, Milwaukee, Wis.

ANNUAL STATEMENTS, LIMIT FOR FILING. Statements, Annual.]

[See

ANTI-COMPACT LAWS. Legislation forbidding fire insur、 ance companies or agents to combine in compacts or boards of underwriters, for the purpose of fixing, maintaining, and controlling rates of insurance upon property appears to have had its birth in the Michigan legislature of 1883. A bill was introduced, but failed of passage, was reintroduced in the session of 1885, and again failed, but in the session of 1887 the bill was again introduced and enacted into law. Meanwhile the idea had been taken up in Ohio, and in 1885 the legislature of that state injected an anti-compact provision into a section of the statutes prohibiting the removal of suits from state to federal courts, and enacted it into law. Ohio thus secured the credit of being the first state to enact an anti-compact law. [For the progress and history of anti-compact legislation, see Cyclopedia for 1910-II and earlier volumes. For an account of proceedings against companies for violations of the laws, or legal proceedings involving compacts, and decisions thereon see Cyclopedia for 1904-5 and subsequent volumes and for a review of the court's decision in the Iowa anti-compact case, and the decision on the Arkansas law see Cyclopedia for 1906-7 and subsequent volumes.] Anti-compact laws have given way to rate regulation and anti-discrimination legislation in several states resulting in the repeal of provisions prohibiting rating compacts or agreements. [See Discrimination in Insurance Rates.] The anti-compact laws of Missouri and Michigan were repealed in 1915, and the Washington law was

amended. There are, therefore, anti-compact laws now in force as follows: Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Iowa, Louisiana, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, Ohio, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Tennessee, Washington, and Wisconsin. A Virginia law prohibits combinations of companies for the purpose of regulating commissions to agents, as do also the laws of Louisiana, Ohio, Nebraska, and South Dakota. The laws of Arkansas, Louisiana, South Dakota, require the filing of a sworn affidavit to the effect that the company has not entered into a combination or agreement. [For full text of the anticompact laws see Cyclopedia for 1913-14, fire section, also Cyclopedia for 1915.]

The South Carolina legislature enacted a law in 1916, which was signed by the governor and went into effect in March, and was followed by a large number of companies suspending business in the state. The legislature in 1917 however repealed the law.

A Missouri law, enacted in 1915, entitled an act to regulate fire insurance and rates of premium thereon, while permitting rating bureaus, prohibits any agreement, contract or understanding between companies or rating bureaus to continue to use the rating record of any actuarial bureau, to refrain from maintaining its own rating record, or to maintain the rates fixed by any such actuarial bureau." Another section has a proviso that nothing contained in the act shall be construed to repeal any anti-trust law now or hereafter in force in the state."

ANTI-REBATE LAWS. [See Anti-Rebate Laws, life insurance

section.]

APPORTIONMENT. [See Non-Concurrent Policies.]

ARIZONA FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Phoenix, Arizona. Organized 1910; capital, $200,000. E. M. Davis, vice-president and general manager.

ARKANSAS INSURANCE AGENTS' ASSOCIATION was organized at Little Rock, June 12, 1901, by sixty-five agents of the state. Officers were elected as follows: Allan Kennedy, Fort Smith, president; A. W. Mills, Pine Bluff, secretary; W. Z. Tankersley, Pine Bluff, treasurer. The officers elected at the annual meeting held in May 1919, are: President, N. B. Martin, Wynne; vice-president, Pinchback Taylor; secretary and treasurer, A. L. Parker, Helena.

ARKWRIGHT MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Boston, Mass. Organized 1860. R. W. Toppan, president and treasurer; D. W. Bartlett, vice-president and secretary; E. V. French, vice-president and engineer; G. S. Young, assistant secretary and assistant treasurer; F. W. Jones, assistant secretary; H. F. Eaton, assistant treasurer.

ARSON. At common law arson is the malicious and wilful burning of the house or outhouse of another. Arson was formerly punishable with death, and is now in some states, but generally

it has been made a statutory offense and the statute prescribes the penalty.

ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Chicago, Ill. Incorporated 1913, began business 1915; capital, paid up, $400,000. W. J. Rushton, president; John Heist and John P. Boyle, vice-presidents; Harold O. McLain, secretary; F. W. Pilsbry, treasurer; C. L. Morgan, assistant treasurer. The company writes manufacturing plants, direct, under a participating policy and also writes general fire business. The company has changed its name to Manufacturers Insurance Company of America.

ASSOCIATION OF FIRE UNDERWRITERS OF BALTIMORE CITY. Incorporated 1889. The present officers, elected in January, 1919, are: President, Henry M. Warfield; vice-president, William Cunningham; secretary and manager and treasurer, John H. Kenney; assistant secretary, É. G. Parker; chairman of executive committee, Wm. C. Ballard.

ASSOCIATION OF INSURANCE SOCIETIES AND INSTITUTES. [See Insurance Institute of America.]

ASSOCIATION OF MARINE UNDERWRITERS OF THE UNITED STATES, New York, N. Y. The association was organized in May, 1918, and the working organization completed in August. The objects are the promotion of the interests of American companies writing marine insurance. Officers were elected as follows: President, Benjamin Rush, Insurance Company of North America; vice-president, F. C. Buswell, Home; secretary and treasurer, F. H. Osborn, of O. G. Orr & Co., New York. Committees were appointed as follows at the August meeting:

Executive: Henry Evans, Continental; Cornelius Eldert, Atlantic Mutual; Edward Milligan, Phoenix of Hartford; W. H. McGee, Providence-Washington; E. W. West, Glens Falls; J. B. Levinson, Fireman's Fund; Clarence A. Ludlum, Home of New York.

Finance: C. G. Smith, Great American; D. H. Dunham, Firemen's of Newark; J. B. Branch, Providence-Washington.

Legal: William D. Winter, Atlantic Mutual; W. F. Whittelsey, Etna of Hartford; George B. Ogden, Hartford Fire.

War Service: Lyman Candee, Globe and Rutgers; Douglass F. Cox, United States Lloyds, Inc.; William A. Hamilton, Federal of New Jersey.

Business Advancement: William R. Hedge, Boston; Galloway C. Morris, Insurance Company of North America; C. W. Bailey, American of Newark.

ASSOCIATIONS OF SUPERINTENDENTS AND CAPTAINS OF FIRE PATROLS, SALVAGE CORPS, AND PROTECTIVE DEPARTMENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. At the annual convention of the National Association of Fire Engineers held at Louisville, Ky., in October, 1892, the chiefs of fire patrols and salvage corps who were present as delegates in the convention had a separate meeting and organized an association, taking the above title. The purposes of the association as set forth were as follows: The promotion of friendly relations between fire departments and fire patrols of the same city; the collection of statis

tics regarding incendiarism and means of protection of property at fires, and mutual social conventions. The officers elected for the first year were: Captain A. C. Hull, superintendent of the Fire Patrol of New York, president; J. F. Pelletier, captain of the Fire Patrol of Kansas City, Mo., secretary and treasurer.

At the twenty-sixth annual meeting held in August, 1917, Frank Whitmore, St. Paul, was elected president, and John T. Ruane, Minneapolis, was elected secretary and treasurer. [For account of meetings from 1893 to 1902 see Cyclopedia of 1900-1901 and 1902-1903.] The following is a list of organizations represented in the asso

ASSURANCE COMPANY OF AMERICA of New York. Organized 1897; capital, $200,000. R. B. Rathbone, president; Albert R. Ledoux, vice-president; Charles S. Conklin, secretary; Rathbone Williams, assistant secretary, 80 Maiden Lane.

ATLANTIC CITY FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY of Atlantic City, N. J. Organized in 1902; capital, $200,000. Wm. Riddle, president; Amos Batemen, vice-president; Edward E. Seeler, secretary; James T. Bew, treasurer.

ATLANTIC INLAND ASSOCIATION, an association composed of ocean marine and fire and inland marine insurance companies writing inland hulls on the Atlantic and gulf coasts, was organized in March, 1899, for the purpose of preventing demoralization in the Atlantic inland marine business. It makes a tariff and provides rules and obligatory forms of policies. E. O. Weeks, vice-president of the Etna, was its first president, and Louis F. Burke of the Home was its first secretary and treasurer, and con