or St. Jo quare rod is here is a nat Its in very tivated land! areas since eas. ined from a LER. Reg ILLINOIS COMMITTEEMAN'S PRACTICE HANDBOOK The 1946 Farm Program is designed to assist the farmers of Illinois The county committee will designate those practices which will be A. FUNDS AVAILABLE FOR CONSERVATION PRACTICES ON The county and community committeemen will determine for each B. CONSERVATION PRACTICES The practices available for 1946 are those which are most needed in order to conserve and improve soil fertility, improve pasture land, prevent wind and water erosion, and promote conservation and better utilization of water. Assistance will be available for carrying out the following practices during the program year January 1, 1946, through December 31, 1946. To qualify for payment, each practice must be carried out in accordance with the specifications for that practice and be in keeping with good farming practices for the locality. Except as stated below, the total extent of any practice performed shall be reduced for purposes of payment by the percentage of the total nished by a State or Federal agency. The extent of any practice shall cost of the practice which the county committee determines was furLot be reduced because a portion of the cost is represented by materials or services furnished by the F. S. B., or equipment furnished by S. C. S., or materials or services furnished by an agency of a State or political subdivision thereof to another agency or political subdivision of the ame State, or trees purchased from a Clark-McNary Cooperative State Nursery. 669703-45 (1) Standard terraces.-Construction of standard terraces with a settled minimum ridge cross-section of at least 8 square feet. Proper outlets must be provided. The terrace and outlets must conform to the minimum specifications required by the State Committee. $1 per 100 linear feet. (2) Contouring intertilled crops.-Contour farming of intertilled crops provided the crop stubble is left standing or a good stand of a winter cover crop is obtained. If there is danger of erosion in waterways, such waterways must be permanently established in sod. Contour lines must be laid out with an approved instrument. No credit will be given for this practice for any acreage qualifying under Practice (4), Contour Stripcropping.-$1.50 per acre. (3) Contour farming of drilled or close-sown crops.-Contour seeding of small grain crops, sorghums, millet, or soybeans. All operations prior to and in connection with the seeding must be on the contour. If there is danger of erosion in waterways, such waterways must be permanently established in sod. Contour lines must be laid out with an approved instrument. No credit will be given for this practice for any acreage qualifying under Practice (4), Contour Stripcropping. $0.50 per acre. (4) Contour stripcropping. Growing alternate strips of intertilled crops with sown, close-drilled, or sod crops, on the contour: Provided, (1) the strips are approximately the same width; (2) the strips are not less than 3 rods nor more than 10 rods in width; (3) the crop stubble is left standing or a good stand of a winter cover crop is obtained; (4) at least 25 percent of the field is in strips of perennial grasses or legumes or mixtures thereof; and (5) contour lines are laid out with an approved instrument. When it is necessary because of crop rotations, to have two adjacent strips of sown, close-drilled, or sod crops, credit may be given for the entire field.-$1.50 per acre. (5) Establishing sod waterways.-Establishing a permanent sod waterway on any cropland where a permanent vegetative cover is necessary in a waterway channel or terrace outlet, or in cultivated orchards. The channel of the waterway must be sufficiently wide to carry the run-off from the drainage area and must be at least 1 rod wide at the narrowest point. The channel must contain perennial grasses and a good vegetative growth must be obtained.-$0.75 per 1,000 square feet. (6) Pasture establishment or improvement. Establishing or improving permanent pasture by carrying out all of the following operations: (1) applying the necessary amounts of liming materials or fertilizers as determined by the county committee; (2) tearing up the sod by the use of a disk or similar tool in such a manner as to mix the needed lime or fertilizer into the soil and to provide a satisfactory seedbed; (3) making a seeding of not less than 16 pounds per acre of an approved pasture mixture of the legumes and grasses listed below. such seeding to include at least 50 percent of biennial or perennia legumes, except that Reeds canary grass may be seeded alone at the rate of 8 to 12 pounds per acre; (4) delaying grazing until the new seeding has made a good growth, controlling grazing during the re mainder of the grazing season, and removing livestock early enough in the fall to permit a good growth of the pasture before winter; and (5) mowing weeds, if necessary, a sufficient number of times to preven seed formation and to control growth. Credit for the lime or fertilizer applied may be given under Practices (17), (18), or (19). (a) For timothy or Korean lespedeza.-$0.05 per pound. (b) For sweet clover, redtop, smooth bromegrass, crested wheat grass or ryegrass.-$0.15 per pound. (c) For Kentucky bluegrass, Canadian bluegrass, orchard grass, or meadow fescue. $0.20 per pound. (d) For red clover, alsike clover, or alfalfa.—$0.25 per pound. (e) For Reeds canary grass.-$0.30 per pound. (7) Construction of open farm drainage ditches.-Construction or enlargement of open farm drainage ditches (except ditches constructed or maintained by a drainage district), including lateral and lead ditches for which proper outlets are provided, and adequate provision is made for the entrance of water into and out of the ditches. An engineer's survey of grade and cross-section and a map of the area showing the ditches may be used to determine whether the specifications have been met. No credit will be given for material moved in cleaning the ditch.-$0.08 per cubic yard, but not in excess of $8.00 per 100 linear feet. (8) Excavation of ditches for tile drainage.-Excavation of ditches for the installation of tile drains, provided the size of tile, outlets, and gradient meet the specifications for standard drainage published by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. No credit will be given if the tile lines are used for any purpose other than the draining of agricultural land. An engineer's survey showing grades of tile lines may be used to determine whether the specifications have been met. A map showing the location of the tile lines must be available for inspection.$0.40 per rod. (9) Dams and ponds for livestock water. Construction of earthen, concrete, or masonry dams and ponds for providing water for livestock. Earthen dams must be constructed with minimum slopes of 3 to 1 on the upstream side and 2 to 1 on the downstream side. Dams of 10 feet or less in height must have a minimum freeboard of 3 feet. Dams over 10 feet in height must have a minimum freeboard of 4 feet. The water in the pond must be at least 6 feet deep below the spillway. The spillways must be of sufficient width to carry the expected overflow from the drainage area. The dam and pond must be fenced to exclude livestock and the water must be piped out to a tank or where this is impracticable, a small arm of the pond may be permitted to extend beyond the fenced area, or chutes or other means of making the water available to stock may be approved by the county committee, provided such methods do not permit access of the stock to the pond proper. (a) For earth or other material moved.-$0.12 per cubic yard. (c) For rubble masonry.-$6.00 per cubic yard. (10) Mulching Materials.-Application of straw to commercial orchards, vineyards, commercial vegetable land, strawberries, or other small fruits.-$4 per ton. (11) Go-down crops-Commercial orchards and commercial vegetable land.-Protecting the soil from wind and water erosion by the use of go-down crops, provided a good vegetative growth is ob tained and the crop is not pastured or harvested for grain, hay, seed, or forage, or otherwise taken from the land. The following crops will qualify: Sudan grass, millet, buckwheat, oats, barley, rye, wheat, or mixtures of any of these crops, lespedeza seeded in the spring of 1946, soybeans or cowpeas.-$1.50 per acre. (12) Green manure crops.-Disking or plowing under a good stand and a good growth of the following crops. If the land is subject to erosion and the green manure crop is turned under in the fall, the land must be protected by a winter cover crop.-$1.50 per acre. (a) Oats, barley, wheat, or soybeans, in orchards and on vegetable land. (d) Buckwheat. (e) Winter vetch or crimson clover. (f) 1946 spring seeded lespedeza not cut for hay or pastured and followed by a winter cover crop. (g) Sweetclover. (h) Alsike or red clover turned under in the fall of 1946. (13) Eradication of weeds on cropland.-Eradication of seriously infested plots of bindweed, Canada thistle, hoary cress, leafy spurge, perennial sow thistle, or Russian knapweed. Approval may be given for this practice only on farms where approved weed-control measures are being carried out on all adjacent infested farms and contiguous land, where the infestation is limited to a single farm or where the county committee determines there is no likelihood of reinfestation from adjacent or contiguous land. No crop may be taken from the land but the weeds may be cut and removed before tillage is begun. (a) For sodium chlorate or other chemicals approved by the state committee. $0.07 per pound. (b) For continuous clean tillage.—$10.00 per acre. (14) Tree planting.-Planting trees for forest purposes, gully control, or windbreak, in accordance with good tree culture. The site and species of trees to be planted must have the approval of the county committee. The plantings must be protected from fire and grazing. The following species of trees may be approved provided they are adapted to the particular soil type, climatic conditions, moisture conditions, and site: (a) For forest purposes: Shortleaf pine, loblolly pine, cypress, red pine, white pine, jack pine, pitch pine, Virginia pine, red cedar, black walnut, white oak, red oak, tulip poplar, ash, red gum, black locust, catalpa, soft maple, cottonwood, and any other trees approved by the State Forester, to be planted 6 to 8 feet apart in rows 6 to 8 feet apart.-$1.00 per 100 trees, but not in excess of $7.50 per acre. (b) For gully control: Black locust in active gullies to be planted from 3 to 6 feet apart. All trees approved for forest plantings may be used on the area surrounding the gully, to be planted 6 to 8 feet apart in rows 6 to 8 feet apart.-$1.00 per 100 trees, but not in excess of $7.50 per acre. (c) For windbreak: Norway spruce, white spruce, blue spruce, Douglas fir, red pine on sandy land, and shortleaf and loblolly pine in southern Illinois. To be planted in 3 rows 14 feet apart with the trees 14 feet apart in the rows. The trees in the middle row should be staggered.-$2.00 per 100 trees. (15) Maintaining a stand of trees in windbreaks. Maintaining for windbreaks a stand of at least 200 trees per acre which have been planted between January 1, 1941, and January 1, 1946, by cultivation sufficiently to control other vegetation, protecting from fire and graz (16) Harvesting hayseed.-Harvesting for seed an acreage of alfalfa, red clover, and alsike. Credit will not be given for more than 25 acres per farm.-$3.50 per acre. (17) Liming materials.-(Credit rates are contained in NCR-46–1, Supplement 1.) Application of the following materials: (a) One ton of agricultural ground limestone containing at least 80 percent calcium carbonate equivalent and ground sufficiently fine so that 80 percent, including all of the finer particles obtained in the grinding process, will pass through a U. S. Standard No. 8 sieve. The moisture content at the time of shipment must not exceed 8 percent. The calcium carbonate equivalent and the percent passing through a U. S. Standard No. 8 sieve must be at least 80 and one or both must be greater than 80 so that the multiplication of the percent of calcium carbonate equivalent by the percent of material passing through a U. S. Standard No. 8 sieve will be equal to or in excess of 0.72. (b) One ton of by-product of lead mines with the lead separated out by the water table method. The sludge must be ground so that 90 percent will pass through a U. S. Standard No. 8 sieve. The calcium carbonate content must be at least 80 percent. (c) One ton of lead mine refuse produced in Northwestern Illinois or Wisconsin. The material must contain 80 percent calcium carbonate equivalent and ground sufficiently fine so that 80 percent, including all of the finer particles obtained in the grinding process, will pass through a U. S. Standard No. 8 sieve. The calcium carbonate equivalent and the percent passing through a U. S. Standard No. 8 sieve must be at least 80 and one or both must be greater than 80 so that the multiplication of the percent of calcium carbonate equivalent by the percent of material passing through a U. S. Standard No. 8 sieve will be equal to or in excess of 0.72. (d) One ton of No. 2 limestone containing at least 65 percent calcium carbonate equivalent and ground sufficiently fine so that 80 percent, including all of the finer particles obtained in the grinding process, will pass through a U. S. Standard No. 8 sieve. (e) One cubic yard of marl containing at least 70 percent calcium carbonate equivalent. (f) One ton of blast furnace slag containing at least 80 percent calcium. carbonate equivalent and ground sufficiently fine so that 80 percent will pass through a U. S. Standard No. 8 sieve. (g) One cubic yard of water-softening process lime containing at least 70 percent calcium carbonate equivalent. (h) One ton of commercial burnt lime containing at least 90-percent calcium carbonate equivalent and testing not more than 20-percent moisture at the loading point. (i) One ton of hydrated lime. A correspondingly greater amount of material must be required if the material does not meet the specifications. (18) Fertilizers.-Application of superphosphate, defluorinated phosphate rock, or potash to: (1) pastures; (2) new seedings of biennial or perennial legumes, perennial grasses, winter legumes, or lespedeza, with or without a nurse crop; (3) old stands of biennial or perennial legumes, or perennial grasses, provided the acreage to which such applications are made is not devoted to, cultivated for, or plowed for any other crop prior to January 1, 1947; and (4) green manure crops in orchards. (a) Application of superphosphate or defluorinated phosphate rock.-$3.50 per 100 lbs. of available P205. (b) Application of potash- (c) 100 lbs. of 0-9-27---. $2.50 per 100 lbs. of available K.O. |