Ans. In this section of the county, stock raising by almost every one owning a farm. Stock men generally raise what grain and other kinds of food needed. There are not enough mechanics to answer the demand. About seven-eighths of the citizens raise both stock and grain.

39th-What cities, towns, and villages in the county? the population of each? the number of postoffices in the county? and how many newspapers printed?

Ans. No cities. The towns and villages are Rockford, Speedtown, West Milford, Fairfield, Overfield, Fairview, Oakwood, Romines Mills, Mt. Clair, Quiet Dell, Sardis, New Salem, Wilsonburg, Bridgeport, Lumberport, Shinnston, Adamsville, and Clarksburg, the metropolis.

Two weekly newspapers are printed in Clarksburg, viz: Clarksburg Telegram and Clarksburg News. The number of postoffices I cannot give. 40th--How many churches and the probable value of church property? what religious denominations and the numerical order of the sects?

Ans. So far as I know, we have Methodists, both episcopal and protestant; Baptists, both "Iron clads" and missionary or new school; United Brethren, Roman Catholics and Seven-day Baptists or Sabbatarians, so called in church history. I believe the missionary Baptists are the most numerous. The numerical proportion of the denominations I cannot give. 41st-The habits of the people in the use of tobacco and alcoholic drinks? what classes are the largest consumers of whisky, wine and beer?

Ans.-Tobacco is used generally. There are a few people who say they would do without bread rather than be deprived of this (to them) valuable luxury! To such people tobacco is indeed "one of the necessaries of life." Women also indulge in the habit, though in less proportionate numbers. Alcohol stands next in importance, with (I am glad to state) a few—mostly young men-who use it too freely when opportunity is afforded. Wine and beer is, no doubt, a favorite with the same class.

42d-The number of cases of the "opium habit?" the "chloral habit?" Ans. I know of none such.

43d-The proportion of females who habitually indulge in the use of alcoholic drinks, and tobacco?

Ans.--One-fourth in the use of tobacco, by either smoking, chewing or "rubbing snuff" as it is generally styled. I know no females who habitually use alcoholic stimulants.

44th--The number of idiotic persons? how many deaf mutes?

Ans. I know but one idiot and two mutes. The idiot is not the issue of consanguineous parents.

45th-How many blind persons?

Ans.-One blind person-very aged-the blindness resulted from erysipelas about 30 years ago.

46th-The number of insane persons, and if possible, the cause of insanity given?

Ans.--I can not tell. The hospital records will show.
47th--What relation of crime to idleness and pauperism?
Ans. A direct relation, so far as I have been able to observe.
48th-How many cases of suicide during the last year?
Ans.--Two, one by cutting his throat, the other by hanging.

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RECORD.

49th-During the year ending 30th September, 1882, from what cause the greatest number of cases of sickness? the total number of deaths?

Ans.-The greatest number of cases of sickness in my practice during the latter part of the year was caused from mumps and pneumonia.

50th-What is the frequency of typhoid fever or enteric fever? scarlet fever? diphtheria? measles? whooping cough? pneumonia? pulmonary consumption?

Ans.-I have been located here since September, 1876, and have seen few cases of typhoid fever during the time. Have witnessed one epidemic of measles, one of scarlet fever, more or less cases of pneumonia every year. Have treated diphtheria, but only sporadic cases; and have seen but one family in which the type of the disease was of malignant form. The disease made sad havoc in this family, killing the mother and two or three children.

51st-Do you meet with cases of malarial origin? the most frequent type?

Ans.-Seldom anything of malarial origin. As a rule we do not have cases of malarial origin in this region of country.

52d-How many times has small-pox invaded your county? how many cases during the last year? number of deaths from that disease? how was the contagion introduced? the probable cost to the county because of the presence of the disease?

Ans.—Once. only in several years. My recollection now is that one or two died from the disease. Quarantine regulations were established at once by the overseers of poor who were then in authority and could tell the cost to the county.

53d-What proportion of the inhabitants have been successfully vaccin

ated?

Ans.--I cannot answer correctly. There is a strong prejudice against vaccination. People do not want to be vaccinated unless small-pox is just at the door. I have not vaccinated a dozen persons since I came to the county.

54. Have you made any observations to determine the relative value of bovine and humanized virus? and have you witnessed any serious accidents and deaths?

Ans. I have made no such observations. Have heard of no deaths from viccination.

55th-Has Asiatic cholera ever existed in your county? If so, when or how often, giving the years?

Ans.-I know nothing of Asiatic cholera.

56th-What is the history of typhoid or enteric fever in your county? what also of diphtheria? and during what years were these diseases first recognized?

Ans.--Typhoid fever about the year 1837; diphtheria first appeared, I think, about the year 1856.

57th-What is the average mortality from enteric or typhoid fever? from scarlet fever and diphtheria? what measures, if any, adopted to prevent the spread of these contagions?

Ans. I cannot give you the average mortality of typhoid fever in this county.

THE HYGIENE OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

58th-The number of school houses in the county? the number of pupils registered in each school district? the number of teachers employed? the style of buildings, and method of heating? the average cubic space allowed each pupil in the school room? and the character of drinking water supply? what privy accommodations afforded? how many hours of study? Ans.-No. of school houses, 118; No. of pupils registered as follows:

Boys,

Districts, 12; teachers, 145; pupils, 4,915; divided as follows: 2744; girls, 2171.

The style of school house, always rectangular, box frame; average size 25x30 feet; height of story ten feet; method of heating, by stove-the common "Frost Killer" Nos. 1 and 2, situated in centre of school room. The average cubic space allowed each pupil is 177 feet. Drinking water supply is from neighboring wells and springs contiguous to the school houses. Privy accommodations are generally unsightly boxes-always small too--and distant from the school house four to ten rods. Two privies to each school house-one for each sex. Hours of study, six.

59. Is the light abundant? is it in front of, at the right of, at the left of, or behind the pupils?

Ans.-Generally a transom in rear of pupils and windows on each side of the school room. Sometimes there are windows in one end of the house and rearward to pupils when seated.

60th-Are teachers required to clear and ventilate their school rooms by opening the windows and doors?

Ans. They are not; but this is generally done by opening door or doors as the case may be, and sometimes by lowering upper sash.

61st-What kind of seats and desks are in use?

Ans. One desk for teacher in each school room. Common stand desk. Seats common, backs upright-a few patent ones in use.

62d-What play grounds? do trees overshadow the school-house?

Ans.-Play grounds are generally fields and public highways. Trees seldom overshadow school houses.

63d-Have boys and girls the same or separate play grounds?

.

Ans. They have not, but they usually play separately in villages, and for the most part the same rule applies in the country.

64th-Where are outer garments and wet clothing hung? and what provision for drying?

Ans.-Garments (outer) are hung in the school room and no provision, more than the heat afforded by the stove in the school room for drying. 65th-What percentage of pupils are absent on account of sickness? is headache a frequent complaint?

Ans.-Have no means of knowing the per cent. absent on account of sickness. Headache is a common complaint so far as I have observed, and I think the method of heating the school rooms has much to do in the production of headache.

66th-What precautions are taken to prevent the spread of contagious diseases in the schools?

Ans.-Exclusion of the affected pupils from the school.

67th-What precautions would be enforced to-day were a case of scarlet fever, diphtheria or small-pox discovered in the school-room?

Ans. For scarlet fever and diphtheria, exclusion of pupils. For smallpox closing the school; isolation of the pupils affected, and resort to vaccination. In a former part of this report I have stated that there is strong prejudice against vaccination.

30-Carbon oil and gasoline.

SOCIAL AND MORAL STATISTICS.

33-6013. (1880) census.

40-5 Protestant, 1 Catholic.

41-(a) Three-fourths use tobacco. (b) Poorer classes.

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RECORD.

49-(b) Thirty-eight.

51-(a) No. 55--(a) No.

THE HYGIENE OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

58—(a) 30, (b) 12 to 45, (c) 38, (d) brick and frame, heated entirely by coal stoves. (e) 300 cu. ft., (f) generally what is called hard water, containing lime and other minerals. (g) Privy accommodations meagre but improving, the vaults very shallow or none at all.

59-(a) Yes. (b) Generally at the sides, sometimes on one side and sometimes on the other, but rarely in front; most of the schools on one side (blackboards on the other) and behind.

60-They are not.

61-Generally the improved seats made to fit the curves of the body when sitting; but there are still some of the old orthodox board seats, the back at nearly right angles with the seat, heights to suit the size of the scholars. 62-(a) Play grounds generally ample. (b) Very seldom.

63-The same.

64--(a) On hooks in the back part of the house near the door. (b) No provision.

65-(a) I do not know. (b) I believe it is.

66—Outside of Wellsburg there are no especial provisions made, but the matter is left to be considered when a case is discovered.

67-In the country schools they would probably be as various as the schools.

(I am indebted to Geo. W. Russell, County Superintendent of Schools for answers from 58 to 67.)

Report of Brooke County Board of Health for the months of October,

November and December, 1882.