his way, that it might not be said he wanted those helps in the art of war, or that they knew 'em better than he." Mackay must have been a man considerably advanced in life and experience at the time of the Battle of Killiecranky, as he informs us in his Memoirs, that he had been employed thirty years out of his native country, before returning to Britain with King William.

2 Mackay's MS. Macpherson's Original Papers. 3 Balcarres's Memoirs.

4 Accounts of the engagement embodied in "The Life and Dairy of Colonel Blackader." Edinburgh, 1824.

5 Cannan was not perhaps a bad officer; but he was unacquainted with the disposition of the Highlanders, and unable to manage so various and capricious a body of irregular troops. He is taxed by the Earl of Balcarres with the ludicrous oversight of having had more cannon at the skirmish of Dunkeld than he had ball, which probably arose from some disorder among his Celtic store-keepers. He lived for some months afterwards in the Highlands, in great disgrace with the natives; and if we are to believe a Whig work of the time, his retinue at last became so small, that he was one morning robbed of all his money (less than a hundred guineas) and most of his clothes, and then fairly left to find his way out of the country as he best might. He escaped to the Island of Mull, where he got protection from the Chief of Maclean till next year, when being joined by King James, in a commission with Major-General Buchan, he returned to the mainland, and fought in the campaign of 1690.

6 It fairly appears, from the history of this infamous transaction, that, when the usual systems of place and privilege are disorganized by a revolution, men of rank and education are liable to temptations of these sorts, exactly in the same way as the meaner orders of men are unable to abstain from seizing and helping themselves in the case of a shipwreck or fire. It was the only most violent of all the Presbyterian revolutionists who sold themselves on this occasion to King James. On the other hand, it is shocking to observe the cool duplicity of James's ministers. As the offering party had no views, but such as were purely selfish, so the party to whom the offer was preferred, made no scruple to give it a perfectly Jesuitical acceptance. They agreed to grant all that was demanded, with the utmost show of good will; but, in reality, determined to

keep very little faith with them when the time of remuneration should arrive. It should be at the same time distinctly stated-and this is a matter which many historians pass over too carelessly-that the great bulk of the Presbyterians, or, indeed, the whole body, were no more concerned in the plot than was King William himself. It was the project of only a few of their leaders or representatives, or rather of men who, for selfish reasons, had made themselves conspicuous by acting in their behalf.

7 Mackay's Memoirs, MS.

8 Hogg's Jacobite Relics, i. 204.

9 The Earl of Breadalbane was intrusted by King Wil liam with twenty thousand pounds, to be distributed among the clans. But he is supposed to have only spent a small portion of that sum, and to have retained all the rest, as the payment of his commission. Out of the faithlessness and the feudal prejudices of this nobleman arose the famous massacre of Glenco. It is related, that when he was afterwards called to account by a statesman for a particular statement of his disbursements to the clans, he said, 68 Why, my Lord, the money is spent, the Highlands are quiet, and that is the only way of accounting among friends!

CHAP. VIII.—ADVENTURES OF DUNDEE'S OFFICERS IN FRANCE.

1 Dalrymple's Memoirs.-Account of Dundee's Officers, 1711.

2 It is hoped that no offence will be taken on the other side of the Channel with this innocent anecdote. The Irish present at the siege of Roses were no doubt equally brave with the Scots. On the present occasion, in all pro bability, they were requested by their companions to remain inactive.

3 See his Memoirs.

2 D

NOTES

TO THE

REBELLION IN 1715-16.

CHAP. I. INTRODUCTORY.

1 It is strange to observe, that many believe the present royal family to be now possessed of the hereditary, as well as the parliamentary, title to the throne. It is the most improbable thing in the world that they ever will.

Be

sides the innumerable descendants of Charles the First, there exist many descendants of the elder branches of the family of Elizabeth of Bohemia-the two elder Roman Catholic brothers of Sophia-who would require to die out before such an event.

2 The Princess Sophia had died scarcely two months before the decease of Queen Anne. Her death was supposed to have been occasioned by a letter from the Queen, rejecting her proposal to have Prince George (afterwards George II.) established in England, and brought into Parliament as a British Peer, which had long been one of her favourite projects.

3 History of the Principal States of Europe from the Peace of Utrecht. London, 1826.

4 Bolingbroke's Letter to Sir William Wyndham. 5 History of Europe, ii. 10.

6 Memoires de Berwick.

CHAP. 11.-COMMENCEMENT OF THE INSURRECTION.

1 The Master of Sinclair, whose MS. memoirs are in the possession of the Earl of Rosslin.

2 Journal of the Earl of Mar's Proceedings, published in France by his own authority. History of Europe, from the Peace of Utrecht.

3 Patten's History of the Rebellion of 1715, Part 11. page 10.

4 Collection of Original Letters and Authentic Papers, relating to the Rebellion of 1715, p. 19.

5 Original Letters from the Earl of Mar, in the possession of the Earl of Kinnoul.

CHAP. III.-MAR'S DESCENT UPON THE LOWLANDS, AND
COMMENCEMENT OF THE INSURRECTION IN ENGLAND.

1 Annals of the Second Year of George I. p. 41. 2 Original Letters in possession of the Earl of Kinnoul.

3 Original Letters, ut supra.

4. Ibid.

5 Collection of Original Letters, &c. p. 20.

CHAP. IV.-EXPEDITION OF BRIGADIER MACINTOSH,

1 Peter Rae, author of the Dumfries History of the Rebellion of 1715.

2 A small village which stood on the spot now occupied by the Register House, Edinburgh.

3 Letter printed in the Appendix to Patten's History of the Rebellion.

4 The Master of Sinclair, writer of the manuscript formerly quoted as being now in the possession of the Earl of Rosslin.

5 Rae's History of the Rebellion, 269.

6 The man selected for this duty was a Captain Hunter, a noted horse-stealer, who, like many other Borderers of irregular life, had joined the insurgents purely for the

1

more convenient exercise of his calling. When it was told that Hunter had quartered his troop near Carpenter's camp, a gentleman who knew his character well, could not help exclaiming, " Then, by God, we'll hear no more of Carpenter's dragoons; Hunter will not leave them a horse to mount on!"

7 Annals of the Second Year of King George I. 128. 8 No town in Scotland distinguished itself so much as Dumfries by its loyalty during the insurrection of 1715. In fact, if we were to take our impressions from a "History of the Rebellion" written by a native of this town (Mr Peter Rae), we would suppose that Dumfries was the centre of the whole transaction, and that all that was done at Perth and Stirling and Edinburgh and Preston, was a mere episode. The musterings and the marches, the beating of drums and the sounding of trumpets, the throwing up of new trenches and the knocking down of old walls, performed by this town, would amuse the reader very much. Among other loyal services which they rendered to government, it was not one of the least, perhaps, that they seized the person of Lord John Johnston, (brother to the Marquis of Annandale), a gentleman who had been one of King James's officers in Ireland, and who would unquestionably have raised his brother's retainers on this occasion in favour of the Chevalier, if he had not been imprisoned. But there were two reasons for their seizure of Lord John. It was partly done at the command of his brother the Marquis, who, although but an equivocal loyalist during the reign of King William, had ever since continued faithful to the existing government, and who now could think of no other plan for saving his less prudent brother, than that of clapping him into the tolbooth of Dumfries. It is the tradition of Lord John's family, that, after the insurrection was completely suppressed, the magistrates waited upon him at the prison, conducted him out in procession, and expressed a hope, as they parted with him, that he found no occasion to blame them for what they had done. It is not recorded how his Lordship replied to their compliments at that time; but, fifteen years after, on their waiting upon him again at his house, to compliment him on his birth-day, he sent them the following ironical letter, accompanied by a present of the pictures of King William and Queen Mary, which still remain in the town-hall of Dumfries.