1st. By the State Legislatures (78); or, ART. XV.-SLAVERY. 1. Shall have power to enforce the abolition of slavery by appropriate legislation. 98. 2. While the foreign slave-trade was lawful (until 1808), Congress had the power to impose a tax or duty not exceeding ten dollars on each slave imported. 44. ART. XVI.-GENERAL LAW-MAKING. Shall have power to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the powers vested by the Constitution, 1. In the government of the United States; or, 2. In any department thereof; or, 3. In any officer thereof. 43. ART. XVII.-MEETING. 1. Shall assemble at least once in every year; which meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless, 2. They shall by law appoint a different day. 16. CHAPTER V. LAW-MAKING. ARTICLE I.-PROCEEDINGS. A bill may become a law through any one of the three following processes: FIRST PROCESS. 1. The bill shall pass both houses of Congress. 2. It shall then be presented to the President: 3. If he approve, he shall sign it. 24. SECOND PROCESS. 1. The bill shall pass both houses of Congress; 2. It shall then be presented to the President; 3. If he disapprove it, he shall return it, with his objections, to that house in which it originated; 4. That house shall enter the objections at large on their journal; 5. They shall proceed to reconsider it; and if, after such recon sideration, two-thirds of that house shall agree to pass it, 6. It shall be sent with the objections to the other house; 7. The other house shall reconsider the bill; 8. If approved by two-thirds of that house, it shall become a law; 9. The votes of both houses shall be determined by the yeas and nays in all such cases; 10. The names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. 24. THIRD PROCESS. 1. The bill shall pass both houses of Congress. 2. It shall then be presented to the President. 3. He neglects to approve and sign it. 4. He also neglects to return it to the house in which it originated. 5. It becomes a law at the end of ten days (Sundays excepted), unless Congress, by adjournment within that time, prevents its return. 24. ART. II.-ORDERS, RESOLUTIONS, AND VOTES. Every order, resolution, or vote, to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment), 1. Shall be presented to the President of the United States. 2. It shall be approved by him before the same shall take effect; or, being disapproved by him, 3. It shall be passed by the two Houses of Congress, by twothirds of each, according to the rules and limitations prescribed in case of a bill. 25. CHAPTER VI. PROHIBITIONS ON THE UNITED STATES. ARTICLE I. HABEAS CORPUS. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended unless when the public safety may require it, 1. In cases of rebellion; 2. In cases of invasion. 45. ART. II.-DIRECT TAXES. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid unless in proportion to the census. 5, 47. No tax or duties shall be laid on articles exported from any State. 48. ART. IV. INTER-STATE COMMERCE. - 1. No preference shall be given, by any regulation of commerce or revenue, to the ports of one State over another. 2. Nor shall vessels bound to or from one State be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties, in another. 48. 1. No ART. V.- PUBLIC MONEY. money shall be drawn from the treasury but in consequence of appropriations made by law. 2. A regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published from time to time. 49. 3. No appropriation of money to raise and support armies shall be for a longer term than two years. 37. ART. VI.-NOBILITY. No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States. 50. ART. VII.- PENALTIES. 1. No bill of attainder shall be passed. 2. No ex-post-facto law shall be passed. 46. 3. No attainder of treason shall work, 1st. Corruption of blood; nor, 2d. Forfeiture except during the life of the person attainted. 70. ART. VIII. FOREIGN SLAVE-TRADE. The importation of slaves was not to be prohibited, 1. By Congress, prior to 1808, 44; nor, 2. By any amendment to the Constitution prior to that time. 1. Nothing in the Constitution shall be construed so as to prejudice. any claim, 1st. Of the United States; nor, 21. Of any particular State. 76. (See appendix to Analysis E, page 107.) 2. All debts contracted, and engagements entered into before the adoption of the Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under the Constitution as under the Confederation. 79. ART. X.- FREEDOM. 1. Civil. 1st. Congress shall make no law abridging, 1st. The freedom of speech; nor, 2d. The freedom of the press; nor, 3d. The right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government for a redress of grievances. 83. 2d. The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. 84. 2. Religious.-1st. No religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any public office or trust under the United States. 81. 2a. Congress shall make no law, 1st. Respecting an establishment of religion; or, CHAPTER VII. RELATING TO OFFICERS. ART. I.-INELIGIBILITY. 1. United-States Officers. No person holding any office of trust or profit under the United States shall, 1st. Be appointed an elector of President and Vice-Presi dent; nor, 2d. Be a member of either house of Congress during his continuance in office. 22. (See appendix to Analysis D, page 107.) 2. Congressmen. - No senator or representative shall, 1st. Be appointed an elector of President and Vice-President, 54; nor, 2d. During the time for which he was elected, be appointed civil office under the United States, to any 1st. Which shall have been created during such time; nor, 2d. The emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time. 22. No person holding any office under the United States shall, without the consent of Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, or title, of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign State. 50. ART. III. — THE PRESIDENT. 1. The compensation for the services of the President of the United States shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected. 2. He shall not receive within that period any other emolument from the United States or any State. 58. ART. IV. - IMPEACHMENT. 1. The President, Vice-President, and all civil officers of the United States, shall be removed from office on impeachment |