413. EARNESTNESS OF MANNER-is of Proverbs. 1. People generally love truth vital importance in sustaining a transparent more than goodness; knowledge more than holistyle; and this must be imbibed internally, and felt with all the truth and certainty of nature. By proper exercises on these principles, a person may acquire the power of passing, at will, from grave to gay, and from lively to severe, without confounding one with the other: there are times, however, when they may be united; as in the humor ous and pathetic, together. Breathes there a man with soul so dead, 414. The following are the terms usually applied to style, in writing, and also in speak ing; each of which has its distinctive characteristics; though all of them have something in common. Bombastic, dry, elegant, epistolary, flowing, harsh, laconic, lofty, loose, terse, tumid, verbose. There are also styles of occasion, time, place, &c.: such as the style of the bar, of the legislature, and of the pulpit; also the dramatic style, comedy, (high and low,) farce and tragedy. Illiterate and selfish people, are often opposed to persons traveling through the country, to lecture on any subject whatever; and especially, on such as the grumblers are ignorant of. But are not books and newspapers, itinerants too? In olden time, the worshipers of the goddess Diana, were violently opposed to the Apostles; because, thro' their preaching of the cross, their craft was in danger. The liberally educated, and those who are in favor of a universal spread of knowledge, are ready to bid them "God speed," if they and their subject are praiseworthy. Anecdote. A Kingly Dinner in Nature's Palace. Cyrus, king of Persia, was to dine with one of his friends; and, on being asked to name the place, and the riands with which he would have his table spread, he replied, "Prepare the banquet at the side of the river, and let one loaf of bread be the only dish." Bright, as the pillar, rose at Heaven's command: When Israel-marched along the desert land, Blazed through the night-on lonely wilds afar, And told the path,-a never-setting star; So, heavenly Genius, in thy course divine, Hope is thy star, her light-is ever thine. ness. 2. Never magnanimity--fell to the ground. 3. He, who would gather immortal palms, must not be hindered by the name of goodness, but must explore--if it be goodness. 4. No author was ever written down, by any but himself. 5. Better be a nettle in the side of your friend, than blows on fair reputation; the corroding dew, that his echo. 6. Surmise is the gossumer, that malice destroys the choicest blossoms. 7. A genera prostration of morals-must be the inevitable result of the diffusion of bad principles. 8. To know-is one thing; and to do-is another. 9. Candor-lends an open ear to all men. 10. Art is never so beautiful, as when it reflects the philosophy of religion and of man. We cannot honor our country-with too deep a reverence; we cannot love her-with an affection too pure and fervent; we cannot serve her-with an energy of purpose, or a faithfulness of zeal-too steadfast and ardent. And what is our country? It is not the East, with her hills and her valleys, with her countless sails, and the rocky ramparts of her shores. It is not the North, with her thousand villages, and her harvest-home, with It is her frontiers of the lake, and the ocean. not the West, with her forest-sea, and her inland isles, with her luxuriant expanses, clothed in the verdant corn; with her beautiful Ohio, and her majestic Missouri. Nor is it yet the South, opulent in the mimic snow of the cotton, in the rich plantations of the rustling cane, and in the golden robes of the rice-field. What are these, but the sister families of one greater, better, holier family, OUR COUNTRY? VARIETIES. Give thy thoughts no tongue, Nor any unproportioned thought his act. Be thou familiar; but by no means vulgar. The friends thou hast, and their adoption tried, Grapple them to thy soul, with hooks of steel; But do not dull thy palm-with entertainment Of ev'ry new hatch'd, unfledg'd comrade. Beware of entrance into quarrel! but, being in, Bear it, that the opposer--may beware of thee. Give every man thine ear, but few thy voice, [ment. Take each man's censure, but reserve thy judg. Costly thy habit-as thy purse can buy, For the apparel-oft proclains the man. But not expressed in fancy; rich, not gaudy. Neither a borrower, nor a lender be; For loan-oft loses both itself and friend, And borrowing-dulls the edge of husbandry, This above all-to thine own self be true, And it must follow, as the night the day. Thou canst not, then-be false to any man. Dare to be true-nothing-can need a lie; The fault that needs it-grows two-thereby. What do you think of marriage ? I take it, as those that deny purgatory; 415. Beware of a slavish attention to rules; for nothing should supercede Nature, who knows more than Art; therefore, let her stand in the foreground, with art for her servant. Emotion-is the soul of oratory: one flash of passion on the cheek, one beam of feeling from the eye, one thrilling note of sensibility from the tongue, one stroke of hearty emphasis from the arm, have infinitely more value, than all the rhetorical rules and flourishes of ancient or modern times. The great rule is BE IN EARNEST. This is what Demosthenes more than intimated, in we declaring, that the most important fag in eloquence, was action. There will be no execution without fire. Whoever thinks, must see, that man-was made For this-fair hope—leads on th' impassioned soul, Notes. The standard for propriety, and force, in public speaking is--to speak just as one would naturally express himself in earnest conversation in private company. Such should we all do, if left to ourselves, and early pains were not taken to substitute an artificial method, for that which is natural. Beware of im gining that you must read in a different way, with different tones and cadences, from that of common speaking. Anecdote. The severity of the laws of Draco, is proverbial; he punished all sorts of crime, and even idleness, with death: hence, De-ma-des said "He writes his laws, not with ink-but with blood." On being asked why he did so, he replied, that the smallest crime deserved death, and that there was not a greater punishment he could find out, for greater crimes. Laconics. 1. God has given us vocal organs, and reason to use them. 2. True gesture-is the language of nature, and makes its way to the heart, without the utterance of a single word. 3. Coarseness and vulgarity-are the effects of a bad education; they cannot be chargeable to nature. 4. Close observation, and an extensive knowledge of human nature alone, will enable one to adapt himself to all sorts of character. 5. Paintingdescribes what the object is in itself: poetry--what it inspires or suggests: one-represents the visible, the other-both the visible and the invisible. 6. It is uncandid self-will, that condemns without a hearing. 7. The mind-wills to be free; and the signs of the times-proclaim the approach of its restoration. Woman. The right education of this sex is of the utmost importance to human life. There is nothing, that is more desirable for the common good of all the world; since, as they are mothers and mistresses of families, they have for some time the care of the education of their children of both sorts; they are intrusted with that, which is of the greatest consequence to human life. As the health and strength, or weakness of our bodies, is very much owing to their methods of treating us when we were young; so the soundness or folly of our minds is not less owing to their first tempers and ways of thinking, which we eagerly received from the love, tenderness, authority, and constant conversation of our mothers. As we call our first language our mother-tongue, so―we may as justly call our first tempers our moth er-tempers; and perhaps it may be found more easy to forget the language, than to part entirely with those tempers we learned in the nursery. It is, therefore, to be lamented, that the sex, on whom so much de pends, who have the first forming both of our bodies and our minds, are not only eduMiscellaneous. 1. Envy-is the daugh-cated in pride, but in the silliest and most ter of pride, the author of revenge and murder, the beginning of secret sedition and the perpetual tormentor of virtue; it is the filthy slime of the soul, a venom, a poison, that consumeth the flesh, and drieth up the marrow of the bones. 2. What a pity it is, that there are so many quarter and half men and women, who can take delight in gossip, because they are not great enough for any thing else. Were I so tali-as to reach the pole, 4. What is the difference between loving Then farewell,-I'd rather make When thawing suns-begin to shine, The stomach-hath no ears. contemptible part of it. Girls are indulged in great vanity; and mankind seem to consider them in no other view than as so many painted idols, who are to allure and gratify their passions. Varieties. 1. Was England-justified in her late warlike proceeding against China? 2. Fit language there is none, for the heart's deepest things. 3. The honor of a maid-is her name; and no legacy is so rich as honesty. 4. O, how bitter a thing it isto look into happiness-thro' another's eyes. Ungrateful man, with liquorish draughts, And morsels unctuous, greases his pure mind, That from it-all consideration slips. To persist In doing wrong, extenuates not wrong, But makes it much more heavy. He cannot be a perfect man, Not being tried or tutored in the world: Experience is by industry achieved, And perfected by the swift course of time A confused report-passed thro' my ears; But, full of hurry, like a morning dream, It vanished-in the business of the day. thing to do, than in having much to do. 6. The best throw of the dice-is to throw them away. 7. 416. THE DECLAMATORY AND HORTA- Proverbs. 1. The more-women look into rony-indicate a deep interest for the per- their glasses, the less-they attend to their houses. sons addressed, a horror of the evil they are 2. Works, and not words, are the proof of love. 3. entreated to avoid, and an exalted estimate There is no better looking-glass, than a true friend. of the good, they are exhorted to pursue. 4. When we obey our superiors, we instruct our The exhibition of the strongest feeling, re-inferiors. 5. There is more trouble in having noquires such a degree of self-control, as, in the very torrent, tempest and whirlwind of passion, possesses a temperance to give it smoothness. The DRAMATIC-sometimes calls for the exercise of all the vocal and mental powers: hence, one must consider the character represented, the circumstances under which he actel, the state of feeling he possessed, and every thing pertaining to the scene with which he was connected. VIANS. Virtue, that parleys, is near the surrender. 8. The spirit of truth-dwelleth in meekness. 9. Resist a temptation, till you conquer it. 10. Plain dealing is a jewel. Anecdote. Faithful unto Death. When the venerable Polycarp -was tempted by Herod, the proconsul, to deny, and blaspheme the LORD JESUS CHRIST, he answered,"Eighty and six years-have I served my 417. ROLLA'S ADDRESS TO THE PERU LORD and SAVIOR,-and in all that timeMy brave associates-partners-of he never did me any injury, but always my túl, my feelings, and my fime! Can good; and therefore, I cannot, in conscience, Rolla's words-add vigor-to the virtuous reproach my KING and my REDEEMER." energies, which inspire your hearts? No; A Wife; not an Artist. When a man you have judged as I have, the foulness of of sense comes to marry, it is a companion he the crafty pla, by which these bold invaders wants, and not an artist. It is not merely a would delude you. Your generous spirit creature who can paint, and play, and sing, has compared, as mine has, the motives, and dance. It is a being who can comfort which, in a war like this, can animate their and counsel him; one who can reason and minds and ours. They, by a strange frenzy reflect, and feel and judge, and discourse and driven, fight for power, for plunder, and ex-discriminate; one who can assist him in his tended rule; we, for our country, our altars, affairs, lighten his sorrows, purify his joys, and our homes. They-follow an adventur- strengthen his principles and educate his childer, whom they fear, and obey a power, which ren. Such is the woman who is fit for a mothey hate; we-serve a monarch whom we ther, and the mistress of a family. A woman Love, a God, whom we adore. Whene'er of the former description may occasionally they move in anger, desolution-tracks their figure in a drawing-room, and excite the adprogress! Whene'er they pause in amity, miration of the company; but is entirely affliction-mourns their friendship. They unfit for a helpmate to man, and to rain up boast, they come but to improve our state, a child in the way he should go. enlarge our thoughts, and free us from the Varieties. 1. He, who is cautious and yoke of error! Yes-they will give enlight-prudent, is generally secure from many dan ened freedom to our minds, who are them-gers, to which many others are exposed. 2 selves the shares of passion, avarice, and pride. A fool may ask more questions in an hour. They offer us their protection. Yes, such than a wise man may answer in seven years protection-as vultures-give to lambs-3. The manner in which words are delivered covering, and devouring them. They call contribute mainly to the effects they are to on us to barter all of good, we have inherited produce, and the importance which is attach and proved, for the desperate chance of some-ed to them. 4. Shall this greatest of free nathing better, which they promise. Be our tions be the best? 5. One of the greatest plain answer this: The throne-we honor obstacles to knowledge and excellence, is in-is the people's choice; the laurs we reverdolence. 6. One hour's sleep before midnight, ence-are our brave fathers' legacy; the faith is worth two afterward. 7. Science, or learn. we follow-teaches us to live in bonds of cha-ing, is of little use, unless guided by good rity with all mankind, and die- with hope sense. of bliss-beyond the grave. Tell your invaders this, and tell them too, we seek no change; and, least of all, such change as they would bring us. GAMBLING. Oh! rice accursed, that lur'st thy victim on Pleasure inost visionary, if delight, how transient! Men-use a different speech-In different climes, The whole round toorid reveres-and is delighted. 418. The merging of the Diatonic Scale! in the Musical Staff, as some have done in elocution, is evidently incorrect; for then, the exact pitch of voice is fixed, and all must take that pitch, whether it be in accordance with the voice, or not. But in the simple diatonic scale, as here presented, each one takes his lowest natural note for his tonic, or key-note, and then, passes to the medium range of pitches. Different voices are often keyed on different pitches; and to bring them all to the same pitch, is as arbitrary as Procruste's bedstead, according to Hudribras: "This iron bedstead, they do fetch, To try our hopes upon; If we're too short, we must be stretch'd, Beware of all racks; be natural, or nothing. Wit-is fine language-to advantage dressed; Better often thought, but ne'er so well expressed. Our needful knowledge, like our needful food, Unhedged, lies open-in life's common field, And bids ALL-welcome-to the vital feast. Let sense-be ever in your view; Nothing is lovely, that is not true. 419. SUGGESTIONS. Let the pupils memorize any of the proverbs, laconics, maxims, or questions, and recite them on occasions like the following: when they first assemble in the school-room; or, meet together in a social circle: let them also carry on a kind of conversation, or dialogue with them, and each strive to get one appropriate to the supposed state, character, &c. of another: or use them in a variety of ways, that their ingenuity may suggest. Pride. There is no passion so universal, or that steals into the heart more imperceptibly, and covers itself under more disguises, than pride; and yet, there is not a single view of human nature, which is not sufficient to extinguish in us all the secret seeds of pride, and sink the conscious soulto the lowest depths of humility. Anecdote. Sterling Integrity. In 1778, while congress was sitting in Philadelphia, frequent attempts were made, by the British officers, and agents, to bribe several of the Laconics. 1. Any violation of law--is a breach of morality. 2. Music, in all its variety, is essentially one: and so is speech, tho' infinitely diversified. 3. Literary people-are often unpleas ant companions in mixed society; because they have not always the power of adapting themforeign words into our language, when we have selves to others. 4. It is pedantry-to introduce pure English words to express all that the exotics contain; with the advantage of being intelligible to every one. 5. Whatever is merely artificial, is unnatural; which is opposed to general eloquence. 6. There can be no great advances made, in genuine scientific truth, without well regulated affeetions. 7. We can be almost anything we choose; if we will a thing to be done, no matter how high the aim, success is nearly certain. Anger. Of all passions-there is not one so extravagant and outrageous as this; other passions solicit and mislead us: but thisruns away with us by force, hurries us as well to our own, as to another's ruin: it often falls upon the wrong person, and discharges its wrath on the innocent instead of the guilty. It spares neither friend nor foe; but tears all to pieces, and casts human nature into a perpetual warfare. VARIETIES. All the world's a stage, And all the men and women-merely players: They have their exits, and their entrances; And one man, in his time, plays many parts, His acts-being seven ages. At first, the infant, Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms; And then, the whining school-boy, with his satchel, And shining morning face, creeping like snail, Unwilingly, to school. And then, the lover; Sighing like a furnace, with a woeful ballad Made to his mistress' eyebrow: Then, a soldier, Full of strange oaths, and bearded like the pard, Jealous in honor, sudden and quick in quarrel, Seeking the bubble reputation Even in the cannon's mouth: And then the justice; In fair round belly, with good capon lined, With eyes severe, and beard of formal cut, Full of wise saus and modern instances, And so he plays his part: The sixth age-shifts Into the lean and slipper'd pantaloon; With spectacles on nose, and pouch on side; His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide For his shrunk shank; and his big manly voice, Turning again toward childish treble-pipes, And whistles in his sound: Last scene of all, Is second childishness, and mere oblivion; Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything. Charity, decent, modest, easy, kind, Softens the high, and rears the abject mind; Knows, with just reins, and gentle hand, to guide Betwixt vile shame--and arbitrary pride. That ends this strange eventful history, members. Governor Johnstone-authorized And much-she suffers, as she much-believes. 420. THE SLENDER CHARACTERISTIC OF Maxims. 1. Some are alert in the beginning, VOICE. In all cases, endeavor to express by but negligent in the end. 2. Fear-is often conthe voice and gesture, the sense and feeling, cealed under a show of daring. 3. The remedy is that are designed to be conveyed by the often worse than the disease. 4. A faint heart nevwords; i. e. tell the whole truth. Most of er won a fair lady, 5. No man is free, who does the following words, that Shakspeare puts not govern himself. 6. An angry man opens his into the mouth of Hotspur, descriptive of a mouth, and shuts his eyes. 7. Such as give ear to dandy, requires the use of this peculiarity of sunderers, are as bad as slanderers themselves. s. A cheerful manner denotes a gentle nature. 9. voice, in order to exhibit their full meaning. Proud looks lose hearts, but courteous words—win Conceive how a blunt, straight-forward, honthem. 10. Brevity is the soul of eloquence. est soldier would make his defence, when unjustly accused by his finical superior, of unsoldier-like conduct; and then recite the following. My liege-I did deny no prisoners. But I remember, when the fight was done, And, twixt his finger and his thumb, he held Anecdote. Self-interest. When Dr. Franklin applied to the king of Prussia to lend his assistance to America,-" Pray Doctor," says he," what is the object you mean to attain ?" "Liberty, Sire,” replied the philosopher; "Liberty! that freedom, which is the birthright of all men." The king, after a short pause, made this memorable answer: "I was born a prince, and am become a king; and I will not use the powers I possess, to the ruin of my own trade.” Of Lying. Lying-supplies those who are addicted to it-with a plausible apology He gave his nose. And still he smild, and talk'd, for every crime, and with a supposed shelter And as the soldiers-bore dead bodies by, He called them untaught knares, unmannerly, He question'd me; amongst the rest. demanded Aly prisoners, in her majesty's behalf; from every punishment. It tempts them to rush into danger-from the mere expectation of impunity; and, when practiced with frequent success, it teaches them to confound the gradations of guilt; from the effects of which there is, in their imaginations, at least one sure and common protection. It I then, all smarting with my wounds, being gail'd corrupts the early simplicity of youth; it To be so pestered with a popinjay, Out of my grief-and my impatience, blasts the fairest blossoms of genius; and will most assuredly counteract every effort, by which we may hope to improve the tal ents, and mature the virtues of those whom it infects. And talk so like a waiting gentlewoman, [mark.) Oi guns. and drums, and wounds, (heaven save the Varieties. 1. A very moderate power, And telling me the sorreign'st thing on earth, exercised by perseverance, will effect-what Was spermaceti-for an inward bruise: direct force could never accomplish. 2. We And that it was great pity, (so it was,) must not deduce an argument against the use That viilanous saltpetre-should be digged, of a thing, from an occasional abuse of it. 3. Out of the bowels of the harmless earth, Should we let a painful and cold attention to Which many a good, tall fellow had destroyed manner and voice, chill the warmth of our So cowardly; and, but for these vile guns, hearts, in our fervency and zeal in a good He would himself have been a soldier: cause? 4. Youth-often rush on, impetuThis bald, unjointed chat of his, my lord, ously, in the pursuit of every gratification, I answered indirectly, as I said; heedless of consequences. 5. The adherence And I beseech you, let not his report to truth-produces much good; and its ap Come current, for an accusation, pearances much mischief. 6. Every one, Betwixt my lore, and your high majesty. who does not grow better, as he grows older, Number, Unity-is an abstract concep- is a spendthrift of that time, which is more tion, resembling primary, or incorporeal precious than gold. 7. Obedience to the matter, in its general aggregate; one-ap- truths of the Word, is the life of all; for pertains to things, capable of being num truths are the laws of the heavens, and of the bered, and may be compared to matter, church; obedience—implies the reception of rendered visible under a particular form. them; so far as we receive, so far we are Number is not infinite, any more than mal-alive, by the coming of the kingdom within ter is; but it is the source of that indefinite us. divisibility, into equal parts, which is the property of all bodies. Thus, unity and one are to be distinguished from each other. Plenty-makes dainty. Whoe'er, amidst the sons Of reason, valor, liberty, and virtue, |