78. These principles must be faithfully | 82. The perfection of music, as well as studied and practiced, with a particular refer- of speech, depends upon giving the full and ence to the expulsion of the short vowel free expression of our thoughts and affec sounds, and the prolongation of the long tions, so as to produce corresponding ones in ones; which exhibit quantity in its elementa- the minds of others. This is not the work of ry state. I must exercise my voice and mind, a day, a month, or a year; but of a life; for in every useful way, and labor to attain an it implies the full development of mind and intimate knowledge of my vocal and mental body. The present age presents only a fain capacity; then I shall be able to see any de-idea, of what music and oratory are capable fects, and govern myself accordingly. of becoming; for we are surrounded, and loaded, with almost as many bad habits (which prevent the perfect cultivation of hu manity,) as an Egyptian mummy is of folds of linen. Let the axe of truth, of principle, be laid at the root of every tree that does not bring forth good fruit. Which do we like better-error, or truth? 79. The third sound of C, is like that of Z: suffice; the discerner at sice, dis-cern-i-bly dis-cerns discern-i-ble things with dis-cern-ing dis-cern-ment, and dis-cern-i-bleness; the sac-ri-fi-cer, in sac-ri-fi- [C in SICE.] cing, suc-ri-fi-ces the sac-ri-fice on the altar of sac-ri-fice, and suf-fi-ceth the law of sacri-fice. These are nearly all the words in our language, in which c, sounds like z. Proverbs. I. A man may be strong, and not mow well. 2. It is easier to keep out a bad associate, than to get rid of him, after he bas been admitted. 3. Consider well what you do, whence you come, and whither you go. 4. Every fool can find faults, that a great many wise men cannot mend. 5. He who follows his own advice, must take the consequences. 6. In gir do not blush. 8. Murder will out. 9. Nothing that is violent—is permanent. 10. Old foxes want no tutors. 11. The first chapter of fools is, to esteem themselves wise. 12. God-tempers the wind-to the shorn lamb. Anecdote. Doctor-'em. A physician, having been out gaming, but without success, his servant said, he would go into the next field, and if the birds were there, he would 'doctor-'em.' "Doctor-'em,-what do you mean by that?" inquired his master: "Why, kill 'em, to be-sure,"-replied the servant. 80. Vowels-are the mediums of conveying the affections, which impart life and warmth to speech; and consonants, of the thoughts, which give light and form to it; hence, all letters that are not silent, shoulding, and taking, it is ensy mistaking. 7. Letters be given fully and distinctly. The reasonwhy the brute creation cannot speak, is, because they have no understanding, as men have; consequently, no thoughts, and of course, no articulating organs: therefore, they merely sound their affections, instead of speaking them; being guided and influenced by instinct, which is a power given them for their preservation and continuance. 81. Irregulars. S, Z, and X, sometimes are thus pronounced; as, the pres-i-dent resigns his is-o-la-ted hou-ses, and ab-solves the grea-sy hus-sars of Is-lam-ism; the puz-zler Varieties. 1. Which has caused most puz-zles his brains with na-sal pains, buz-zes about the trees as much as he plea-ses, and evil, intemperance, war, or famine? 2. re-sumes the zig-zag giz-zards of Xerx-es Power, acquired by guilty means, never with dis-sol-ving huz-zas; Xan-thus and was, and never will be exercised-to proXen-o-phon dis-band the pis-mires, which mote good ends. 3. By applying ourselves dis-dain to dis-guise their dis-mal phiz-es diligently to any art, science, trade, or prowith their gris-ly beards; Zion's zeal breathes fession, we become expert in it. 4. To be zeph-yrs upon the paths of truths, where re-fond of a great variety of dishes-is a sure sides the soul, which loves the tones of mu- proof of a perverted stomach. 5. Prosperity sic coming up from Nut-ure's res-o-nant often leads persons to give way to their tem-ples. passions, and causes them to forget whence they case, what they are, and whither they are going. 6. Evil persons-asperse the characters of the good, by malicious tales 7. Every man and woman have a good— proper to them, which they are to perfect and fill up. To do this-is all that is required of them; they need not seek to be in the state of another. Notes. 1. This vocal diphthongal sound is made by closlug the teeth, as in making the name sound of C, and producing the 21 sound of a in the larynx, ending with a hissing sound; or it may be made by drawing out the sound of z in zest. 2. 8, following a vocal consonant, generally sounds like Z: tubs, adds; eggs; needs; pens; cars, &c.; but following an aspirate, or breath consonant, it sounds like e in cent, facts, tips, muds, cracks, &c. Would you taste the tranquil scene ? And much it 'rails you-in their place, Be always as merry as ever you can, In pleasure's dream, or sorrow's hour, Who more than he is worth doth spend, Ev'n makes a rope-his life to end. 83. Elocution or vocal delivery, relates | Proverbs. 1. He who sows brambles, must to the propriety of utterance, and is exhib- not go barefoot. 2. It is better to do well, than ited by a proper enunciation, inflection and to say well. 3. Look before you leap. 4. Nothemphasis; and signifies-the manner of de-ing is so bad as not to be good for some-thing. 5. livery. It is divided into two parts; the cor- One fool in a house is enough. 6. Put off your rect, which respects the meaning of what is armor, and then show your courage. 7. A right read or spoken; that is, such a clear and ac- choice is half the battle. 8. The fox-is very curate pronunciation of the words, as will cunning; but he is more cunning, that catches render them perfectly intelligible; and the him. 9. When a person is in fear, he is in no rhetorical, which supposes feeling; whose state for enjoyment. 10. When rogues fall out object is fully to convey, and enforce, the honest men get their due. 11. Reward-is certair entire sense, with all the variety, strength, to the faithful. 12. Deceit-shows a little mind. and beauty, that taste and emotion demand. 84. The fourth sound of C is SH; after the accent, followed by ea, ia, ie, eo, eou, and iou; O-CEAN; ju-di-cious Pho-ci-on, te-na-cious of his lus-cious spe-cies, ap-preci-ates his con-sci-en-tious as-so- [C in CIA.] ci-ate, who e-nun-ci-ates his sap-o-na-cious pre-science: a Gre-cian pro-fi-cient, with ca-pa-cious su-per-fi-cies and hal-cy-on pronun-ci-a-tion, de-pre-ci-ates the fe-ro-cious gla-ciers, and ra-pa-cious pro-vin-cial-isms of Cap-a-do-cia. tened attentively to a long, diffuse and highAnecdote. A gentleman, who had lis ly ornamented prayer, was asked, by one of the members, "if he did not think their minister was very gifted in prayer.' "Yes;" he replied, "I think it as good a prayer as was ever offered to a congrega tion." Our Persons. If our knowledge of the outlines, proportions, and symmetry of the human form, and of natural attitudes and appropriate gestures were as general as it $5. The business of training youth in ought to be, our exercises would be deterElocution, should begin in childhood, before and purity of mind; the subject of clothing mined by considerations of health, grace the contraction of bad habits, and while the would be studied in reference to its true character is in the rapid process of formation. The first school is the NURSERY: here, atout, and a tasteful adornment of the person; purposes-protection against what is withleast, may be formed a clear and distinct ariculation; which is the first requisite for good reading, speaking and singing: nor can ease and grace, in eloquence and music, be separated from ease and grace in private life, and in the social circle. decency would no longer be determined by day be at variance with personal comfort fashion, nor the approved costumes of the and ease of carriage; and in the place of fantastic figures, called fashionably dressed 86. Irregulars. S, t, and ch, in many cial manner, we would be arrayed in vestpersons, moving in a constrained and artifiwords, are thus pronounced: the lus-cious ments adapted to our size, shape, and unduno-tion of Cham-pagne and prec-ious su- lating outline of form, and with drapery gar, in re-ver-sion for pa-tients, is suf-fi- flowing in graceful folds, adding to the cient for the ex-pul-sion of tran-sient ir-ra-elasticity of our steps, and to the varied tion-al-i-ty from the ju-di-cial chev-a-liers movements of the whole body. of Mich-i-gan, in Chi-ca-go; (She-caw-go,) the nau-se-a-ting ra-ci-oc-i-na-tions of sensu-al char-la-tans to pro-pi-ti-ate the passion-ate mar-chion-ess of Che-mung, are mi-nu-ti-a for ra-tion-al fis-ures to make E-gyp-tian op-ti-cians of." Notes. 1. This aspirate diphthongal sound may be made, by prolonging the letters sh, in a whisper, show. See engraving. 2. Beware of prolonging this sound too much. 3. Exercise all the muscular, or fleshy parts of the body, and let your efforts be made from the dorsal region; l.e. the small of the back; thus girding up the loins of the mind 4. If you do not feel refreshed and invigorated by these exercises, after an hour's practice, rest assured you are not in nature's path: if you meet with difficulty, be particular to inform your teacher, who will point out the cause and the remedy. &C is silent in Czar, indict, Che-us, Ctes-i-phon, science, muscle, scene, sceptre, &c.: S, do. in isle, vis-count, island, &c.: Ch, in chisa, yacht, (yot) drachm. True love's the gift, which God has given Pleasant the sun, Varieties. 1. The true statesman will for those, who mean to betray them. 2. never flatter the people; he will leave that Will dying for principles-prove any thing more than the sincerity of the martyr? 3. ger? 4. Public speakers-ought to live Which is the stronger passion, love, or anlonger, and enjoy better health, than others; and they will, if they speak right. 5. Mere imitation-is always fruitless; what we get from others, must be inborn in us, to produce the designed effects. 6. Times of general calamity, and revolution, have ever been productive of the greatest minds. 7. All mere external worship, in which the senses hear, and the mouth speaks, but in which the life-is unconcerned, is perfectly dead, and profiteth nothing, Habitual evils-change not on a sudden ; 90. As practicing on the gutterals very much improves the voice, by giving it depth of tone, and imparting to it smoothness and strength, I will repeat the following, with force and energy, and at the same time convert all the breath into sound: the dis-carded hands dread-ed the sounds of the muffled drums, that broke on the sad-den'd dream-er's ears, mad-dened by des-pair; the blood ebb'd and flow'd from their doub le dy'd shields, and worlds on worlds, and friends on friends by thousands roll'd. 88. D has two sounds; first, its name sound; DAME; dart, dawn, dab; deed, dead; die, did; dole, Proverbs. 1. An irritable and passionate do, dog; duke, duck, druid; man-is a downright drunkard. 2. Better go to doit, doubt; a dan-dy de-fraudheaven in rags, than to hell, in embroidery. 3. ed his dad-dy of his sec-ondCommon sense-is the growth of all countries, hand-ed sad-dle, and dubbed the [D in DO. ] but very rare. 4. Death has nothing terrible in had-dok a la-dy-bird; the doub-le head-ed it, but what life has made so. 5. Every vice pad-dy, nod-ding at noon-day, de-ter-mined fights against nature. 6. Folly-is never long to rid-dle ted-ded hay in the fields till dooms- pleased with itself. 7. Guilt-is always jealous. day; the dog-ged dry-ads ad-dict-ed to dep-8. He that shows his passion, tells his enemy re-da-tions, robbed the day-dawn of its dread-ed di-a-dem, and erred and strayed a good deal the down-ward road to ad-endum. where to hit him. 9. It is pride, not nature, that craves much. 10. Keep out of broils, and you will neither be a principal nor a witness. 11. One dog barking, another soon joins him. 12. Changes. We see that all material objects around us are changing; their colors change just as the particles are disturbed in their relations. This result is not owing to any natural cause, but to the Divine Power. And are there not higher influences more potent, tho' invisible, acting on man's moral nature, pervading the deepest abysses of his affection, and the darkest recesses of his 89. I must give all the sounds, particularly the final ones, with great care, and never run the words together, making one, out of three. And-is pronounced six different ways; only one of which is right. Some call it an, or en; others, un, nd, or n; and a few-and; thus good-an-bad causen effect; loaves-en-fishes, hills-un groves; pen un-ink, you-nd I, or youn-I; an-desaid; hooks-en-eyes, wor-sen-worse, pleas ure-un-pain; cakes-n-beer, to-un-the; round'n-round, ol-d'n-young, voice-n-ear; bread-thoughts; to purify the one, and enlighten en-butter; vir-tu-n-vice; Jame-zen-John: solem-un-sub-lime, up-'n-down, pies'-ncakes. I will avoid such glaring faults, and give to each letter its appropriate sound. Notes. 1. Here the delicate ear may perceive the aspirate after the vocal part of d, as after b, and some other letters. The vocal is made, (see engraving,) by pressing the tongue against the the other, and from the chaos of both-to educe order, beauty and happiness? And why is it not changed? Shall we deny to his moral nature, the powers and capacities which we assign to stocks and stones? Or, is the Almighty less inclined to bring the most highly endowed of his creatures into mis of the upper fore-teeth, (the incisors,) and the roof of the the harmony and blessedness of his own Dimouth, beginning to say d, without the e sound; and the aspirated vine Order? To affirm either would be part, by removing the tongue, and the organs taking their natural the grossest reflection on the character of positions; but avoid giving the aspirate of the vocal consonants, God, and the nature of his works. If man, any vocality. 2. By whispering the vocal consonants, the aspi- then, be not changed, so as to reflect the rate only is heard. 3. Dis silent in hand-sel, hand-saw, hand-likeness and image of his Creator and Resome, hand-ker-chief, and the first d in Wednes-day, stadt-holder, and in Dnie-per, (Nee-per,) and Dnies-ter, ( Nees-ter). 4. Do not give the sound of j to d in any word; as-grand-eur, sold-ier, vend-ure, ed-u-cate, ob-du-rate, cred-u-lous, mod-u-late, &c.; but speak them as though written grand-yur, sold-yur, &c.; the same analogy prevails in na-ture, fort-une, &c. 5. The following parti. cipuals and adjectives, should be pronounced without abridgment; a Lless-ed man gives unfeign-ed thanks to his learn-ed friend, and selcv-ed lady; some wing-ed animals are curs-ed things; you say be curs'd and bless'd him, for he feign'd that he had learn'd his lessson. 6. Pronounce words in the Bible, the same as in other books deemer, it must be in consequence of his own depraved will, and blinded understanding. Varieties. 1. Why is the letter D like a sailor? because it follows the C. 2. Books, (says Lord Bacon,) should have no 3. Who folpatrons, but truth and reason. lows not virtue in youth, cannot fly vice in old age. 4. Never buy-what you do not want, because it is cheap; it will be a dear Anecdote. Blushing. A certain fash: article to you in the end. 5. Those-bear ionable and dissipated youth, more famed disappointments the best, who have been for his red nose, than for his wit, on ap most used to them. 6. Confidence-produces proaching a female, who was highly rouged, more conversation than either wit or talent. said; "Miss; you blush from modesty." 7. Attend well to all that is said; for noth"Pardon me Sir," she replied, "I blushing-exists in vain, either in outward cre from reflection." Kindness-in woman, not their beauteous looks ation, in the mind, in the speech, or in the actions. Authors, before they write, should read. 91. Do not hurry your enunciation of words, precipitating syllable over syllable, and word over word; nor melt them together into a mass of confusion, in pronouncing them; do not abridge or prolong them too much, nor swallow nor force them; but deliver them from your vocal and articulating organs, as golden coins from the mint, accurately impressed, perfectly finished, neatly and elegantly struck, distinct, in due succession, and of full weight. Proverbs. 1. None of you know where the shoe pinches. 2. One may live and learn. 3. Remember the reckoning. 4. Such as the tree is, such is the fruit. 5. The biggest horses are not the best travelers. 6. What cannot be cured, must be endured. 7. You cannot catch old birds with chaff. 8. Argument-seldom convinces any one, contrary to his inclinations. 9. A horse-is neither better, nor worse, for his trappings. 10. Content-is the philosopher's stone, that turns all it touches into gold. 11. Never sport, with the 92. The second sound of D, is that opinions of others. 12. Be prompt in every thing. of T; when at the end of words, Anecdote. President Harrison, in his last out-door exercise, was assisting the gardner in adjusting some grape-vines. The gardner remarked, that there would be but little use in trailing the vines, so far as any fruit was concerned; for the boys would come on Sunday, while the family was at church, and steal all the grapes; and suggested to the general, as a guard against such a loss, that he should purchase an active watch-dog. Said the general, "Better employ an active Sabbath-school teacher; a dog may take care of the grapes, but a good Sabbath-school teacher will take care of the grapes and the boys too." Home. Wherever we roam, in whatever climate or land we are cast, by the accidents of human life, beyond the mountains or beyond the ocean, in the legislative halls of the Capitol, or in the retreats and shades of prin vate life, our hearts turn, with an irresistible instinct, to the cherished spot, which ushered us into existence. And we dwell, with delightful associations, on the recollection of the streams, in which, during our boyish days, we bathed, the fountains at which we drank, the piney fields, the hills and the talleys where we sported, and the friends, who shared these enjoyments with us. 93. To read and speak with ease, accuracy, and effect, are great accomplishments; as elegant and dignified as they are useful, and important. Many covet the art, but few are willing to make the necessary application: and this makes good readers and speakers, so very rare. Success depends, principally, on the student's own erertions, uniting correct theory with faithful practice. 94. Irregulars. T-generally has this sound; the lit-tle tat-ler tit-tered at the taste-ful tea-pot, and caught a tempt-ing tar-tar by his sa-ti-e-ty; the stout Ti-tan took a tell-tale ter-ma-gant and thrust her against the tot-ter-ing towers, for twist-ing the frit-ters; Ti-tus takes the pet-u-lent out-casts, and tos-ses them into na-ture's pas-tures with the tur-tles; the guests of the hosts at-tract a great deal of at-ten-tion, Varieties. 1. If we do well, shall we nit and sub-sti-tute their pre-texts for tem- be accepted? 2. A guilty conscience—parapests; the cov-et-ous part-ner, des-ti-tute of lyzes the energies of the boldest mind, and fort-une, states that when the steed is stol- enfeebles the stoutest heart. 3. Persons in en, he shuts the sta-ble door, lest the grav-love, generally resolve-first, and reason afi-ty of his ro-tun-di-ty tip his tac-tics into non-en-ti-ty. When a twister, a twisting, will twist him a twist, Notes. 1. This dento-lingual sound may be made by hispering the imaginary word fuch, (short u) the tongue being red against the upper front teeth, and then suddenly removed, indicated by the engraving. 2. T is silent when preceded by and followed by the abbreviated terminations en, ie. Apostle, glasten, fasten, epistle, often, castle, pestle, soften, whistle, chasten, bacle, chariaten; in celat, tillet-dour, debut, haut-boy, currants, de pot, hofler, mortgage, Christmas, Tmolus, and the first t, in ched-out and mis-le-toe. 3. The adjectives, blessed, cursal, &c. Self-alone, in nature rooted fast, terward. 4. All contingencies have a Prov idence in them. 5. If these principles of El- The man, who consecrates his powers, 6. Venture not all in one vessel. 7. What 95. Let the position be erect, and the body Proverbs. 1. Hope-is a good breakfast, but balanced on the foot upon which you stand: a bad supper. 2. It is right to put every thing to banish all care and anxiety from the mind; its proper use. 3. Open confession-is good for let the forehead be perfectly smooth, the the soul. 4. Pride-must have a fall. 5. The lungs entirely quiescent, and make every ef- lower mill-stone-grinds as well as the upper fort from the abdominal region. To expand one. the thorax and become straight, strike the one ardently desires, he easily believes. 8. YieldPALMS of the hands together before, and the ing-is sometimes the best way of succeeding. backs of them behind, turning the thumbs. A man that breaks his word, bids others be upward: do all with a united action of the false to him. 10. Amendment—is repentance. 11. There is nothing useless to a person of sense. body and mind, the center of exertion being 12. The hand of the diligent-maketh rich. in the small of the back; be in earnest, but husband your breath and strength; breathe often, and be perfectly free, easy, independent, and natural. Patience and Perseverance. Let any one consider, with attention, the structure of a common engine to raise water. him observe the intricacy of the machinery, Let 96. F has two sounds: first, name and behold in what vast quantities one of sound: FIFE; off with the scarf 97. If you read and speak slow, and articulate well, you will always be heard with attention; although your delivery, in other respects, may be very faulty: and remember, that it is not necessary to speak very loud, in order to be understood, but very distinctly, and, of course, deliberately. The sweeter, and more musical your voice is, the better, and the farther you may be heard, the more accurate will be your pronunciation, and with the more pleasure and profit will you be listened to. 98. Irregulars, Gh and Ph frequently have this sound; Phil-ip Brough, laugh'd enough at the phantoms of the her-maph-rodite phi-los-o-phy, to make the nymph Saphi-ra have a phthis-i-cal hic-cough; the seraph's draught of the proph-e-cy was lith-ograph'd for an eph-a of phos-pho-res-ent naph-tha, and a spher-i-cal trough of tough phys ic. Notes. 1. To make this dento-labial aspirate, press the under lip against the upper fore teeth, as seen in the engraving, and blow out the first sound of the word fire! 2. Gh, are stest in drought, burrough, nigh, high, brought, dough, flight, etc.; and Ph and A in phthis-i-cal. 3. The difficulty of applying rules, to the pronunciation of our language, may be illustrated by th two following lines, where ough is pronounced in different ways; as o, u, off, ow, oo, and ock. Though the tough cough and hiccough plough me through, O'er life's dark lough my course I will purse. Anecdote. Natural Death. An old man, who had been a close observer all his life, when dangerously sick, was urged by his friends, to take advice of a quack; but objectel, saying,-"I wish to die a natural death." The patient mind, by yielding-overcomes. the heaviest elements is forced out of its course; and then let him reflect how many experiments must have been tried in vain, how many obstacles overcome, before a frame of such wonderful variety in its parts, could have been successfully put together: after which consideration let him pursue his enterprise with hope of success, supporting the spirit of industry, by thinking how much may be done by patience and perseverance. Varieties. Was the last war with England-justifiable? 2. In every thing you undertake, have some definite object in mind. 3. Persons of either sex-may captivate, by assuming a feigned character; but when the deception is found out, disgrace and unhappiness will be the consequences of the fraud. 4. All truths-are the forms of heavenly loves; and all falsities-are the forms of infernal loves. 5. While we co-operate with Nature, we cannot labor too much-for the development and perfection of body and mind; but when we force or contradict her, so far from mending and improving “the human form divine," we actually degrade it below the brute. 6. How ridiculous some people make themselves appear, by giving their opinions for or against a thing, with which they are unacquainted! 7. The law of God is divine and eternal, and no person has a right to alter, add, or diminish, one Who needs a teacher-to admonish him, [mist? Our early days!-How often-back A monkey, to reform the times, |