edly succeed in creating schism and animosity among the native Christians. They ignore the ministerial character and office of the American missionaries. They avail themselves of every opportunity of baptising children, without reference to the ecclesiastical relations of the parents. They have established the most showy and Romeward tending modes of worship, "with surplice and stole, with alb, and cope, and crosier; with rochet, and mitre, and pastoral staff; with Episcopal ring and banner; with pictures, altar-candles, robings, intonations, processions, and attitudes." Meanwhile Bishop Staley has been preaching the most extreme and offensive doctrines of his party in the church, doctrines diametrically opposed to those taught by the missionaries, patristical tradition, baptismal regeneration, the gift of the Holy Spirit in confirmation, confession to the priest, and priestly absolution. At the same time he has stultified himself, while he has no doubt mystified his serious hearers, and encouraged the undevout in the desecration of holy time, by declaring that Sunday is "most falsely and mischievously called the Sabbath," and intimating that the daily service of the church and the observance of its solemn festivals fitly supersede the special reverence with which the people had been taught by the missionaries and required by the law of the land to regard the one day in seven. He has stultified himself, we say; for, unless the high church "has changed all this," the precept," Remember that thou keep holy the Sabbath day," is read constantly in the ante-communion service, with the response, "Lord, have mercy upon us, and incline our hearts to keep this law." If Sunday is "most falsely and mischievously called the Sabbath," to what observance does this portion of the English liturgy have reference? Or does Bishop Staley require his adherents, in the most sacred service of the altar, to perform an act of solemn mockery, to offer a prayer which is arrant blasphemy, to beg of the divine mercy that they may be inclined to practice "falsehood and mischief"? Candles at noonday are a harmless folly; this is gross impiety.

The success of this mission has as yet been very limited. Its congregations are small. The modes of worship repel the simple tastes of such as have been sincerely attached to the ministrations of their earlier teachers; and those who want to be

addressed through the senses, and gravitate toward the old idolatry, can find more that is congenial among the Roman Catholics than among their imitators. Yet under the patronage of the court and of some of the more influential foreign residents, this superstition must needs grow. It can hardly fail to create a diversion from the interests of a simple faith and worship, which is especially to be deprecated at the present crisis, when the autonomy of the native church is just beginning, and needs the combined zeal, effort and liberality of all who love the cause of Christ and seek the prosperity of Zion.

We have spoken freely and warmly of this intrusion; but we believe that we have said no more than candid Episcopalians would readily admit and endorse. For the English church and its American sister we cherish all due reverence, gratitude and affection; and because we feel this, we can not think or write with easy tolerance of the stilted and popinjay caricatures of its solemn order and majestic ritual.

There is also on the Islands a Roman Catholic Mission, numbering as proselytes, (including all baptized persons,) more than twenty thousand souls. The Mormons have, too, a small settlement on the island of Lanai, and reckon, (including children,) not far from four thousand members. It does not apthat either of these forms of belief is making rapid propear gress, or presents any active hostility to the success of Protestant Christianity.

While we should be gratified to see this new-born people united in faith and worship, we can conceive that this diversity of ministration, these forms of error, these tares growing with the wheat, may be made subservient to their better proficiency in divine things. Inquiry, comparison, mental activity on religious subjects, will be aroused and guided; the native pastors will feel the more intense need of taking heed to themselves, their doctrine and their flocks, because they are in the midst of gainsayers; private Christians will have added inducements to be loyal to the Master who can receive no wounds so deep as in the house of his friends; and thus a more intelligent faith and a more fervent piety may spring from the present division, and may prepare the way for the ultimate triumph of the truth over all obstacles and hinderances.

We have forborne making extracts from the work under review, because we are unwilling that any of our readers should become acquainted with it in scraps or fragments. We have not even given an analysis of it, though our materials have been chiefly derived from it. Besides, there are no especially interesting extracts. The whole, from the Preface to the Appendix, is full of intense interest for all who love their Saviour and their race. The narrative flags not for one moment on the eager attention of the reader, nor can it fail to lift the devout heart as with a continuous anthem of praise to Him who has "given such power unto men," as is shown forth in this regenerated people.

One thought suggests itself in conclusion. Much of the science of our day busies itself, with a depraved ingenuity, in detaching man's hold on the ancestral tree by which he traces his descent from God, and of which, among the progeny of the second Adam, he may become a living branch. The true answer to these speculations is not to be found in ethnology or in physiology. No race can make out an unbroken pedigree; nor yet can we deny that there are strong analogies between the higher orders of quadrupeds and the lower members of the human family, not only in physical structure, but in mental capacity. Fifty years ago, the half-reasoning elephant or the tractable and troth-keeping dog might have seemed the peer, or more, of the unreasoning and conscienceless Hawaiian. From that very

race, from that very generation, with which the nobler brutes might have scorned to claim kindred, have been developed the peers of saints and angels. Does not the susceptibility of regeneration, the capacity for all that is tender, beautiful and glorious in the humanity of the Lord from heaven - inherent in the lowest types of our race-of itself constitute an impassable line of demarcation between the brute and man? Has physical science a right to leave "the new man in Christ Jesus," which the most squalid savage may become, out of the question in its theories of natural selection or spontaneous development? When the modern Lucretianism can account for the phenomena of Christian salvation, without the intervention of miracle, revelation, or Redeemer, and not till then, can it demand our respect as a tenable theory of the universe.

ARTICLE IV.

TO IDAHO AND MONTANA: WANDERINGS THERE:

RETURNING.

BY WILLARD BARKOWS, ESQ., DAVENPORT, IOWA.

[Concluded from page 132.]

DURING our stay here we often made excursions into the deep glens and rocky passes of the mountains where it was difficult for our mules to keep their footing, sometimes following up the little rivulets to their very source, hunting and fishing as well as looking for mineral rock. In the gorges of the mountain we were frequently compelled, being walled in on all sides, to retrace our steps. In one of these excursions we found at the head of a creek, which was some ten miles from its entrance into the valley below, the remains of a crater. It was enclosed on three sides by walls of rock, clay and sand two hundred feet high. It was circular in form, about three hundred yards in diameter, open only on one side, where a little rivulet ran out that was formed by a spring in the crater. bottom was covered with lava and burnt rock, with the usual blossom in great abundance. This crater could not have been in operation for many years, as aged trees were found yet standing in it, and evidently had been filled up many feet from the washings and caving in of the sides, which exhibit the varied strata of rock and earth.

The

We often met in our rambles the grizzly bear, the monarch of the mountains, the king of all beasts. It being the season of the year when they have their young in charge and are very cross, we did not attack them. We killed the mountain sheep, or big horn, as they have been called by travellers; and as they are a singular animal in their form and habits we will briefly describe them. They are of the goat kind in shape but more compactly built, and partake largely of the deer and antelope in their color, flesh and habits. The average weight of this animal is from seventy five to a hundred pounds, has hair like the deer, but no wool, as might be anticipated by its name. The greatest curiosity is the immense horns it carries, weighing from thirty to fifty pounds, and the use they are put to, as asserted by the hunters and trappers. The head is small and

neck very slender, yet it is made to carry a weight oftentimes to half the amount of its body. These horns will measure ten

and fifteen inches in circumference at the base, and curl only once around the head.

The story of the trapper is, that in their dangerous passages over crag and cliff, for they inhabit the highest and most broken portions of the mountains, in jumping from precipices, they often miss their footing and are precipitated to a fearful depth below, in which case they always strike upon their horns. Some of the mountaineers go so far as to say that they have been seen, whole flocks of them, leaping or throwing themselves from lofty pinnacles of rock for sport, striking on their horns, and returning to the eminence to renew the exploit without the least appearance of injury. However true this may be of the habits of this animal, out of the many horns that we have examined, we have never found one that was not battered and bruised upon that portion that would be naturally used by the animal for such purposes as above related. The flesh when fat, and they are seldom found poor, is of all other wild meat the most excellent. It excels that of the antelope even. It has no taste of the flesh of the sheep, but is more like the deer and antelope than any other. They inhabit the highest peaks of the mountains, go in flocks and live upon the choicest herbage.

From the Rattlesnake country we turned toward the mines of Bannack City on Grasshopper Creek. The gulch diggings at this place are nearly exhausted and the miners are turning their attention to quartz lodes. Several crushing mills are now being erected; one quite extensive by Colonel Huggins of Galena, Ill., and several lodes have been opened ready for operations. The city is built of logs and is about a half mile in extent, mostly upon one street, running down the gulch; business quite dull during the summer. This is the residence of the Governor; and as no particular place is mentioned in the organic act of the territory for the seat of government, the Governor has called the legislature together this winter at this place.

From here we followed the Grasshopper Creek into the mountains, and spent a week in prospecting on its head waters, but with little success, although some very rich lodes of gold