The progress and causes of the dismemberment of the empire of Charle
magne-1. State of this empire in 843, after the treaty of Verdun-
Inferior state of the kingdom of France at this epoch-2. In 888, after
the death of Charles le Gros-Seven kingdoms-Definitive establish-
ment of the inheritance of fiefs in France-Twenty-nine small states,
or important fiefs, founded at the end of the ninth century-3. In 987,
at the fall of the Carlovingians-Four kingdoms-In France, fifty-five
important fiefs-Explanation of this dismemberment-Their insufficiency
-One only, the diversity of races, developed by M. Thierry, is probable,
but incomplete-The true cause is the impossibility of a great state at
that epoch, and the progressive rise of the local societies which formed
the feudal confederation 275
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