(c) To procure military equipment, materials, facilities, and services for the common defense;

(d) For financing the purchase of goods or services for other friendly countries;

(e) For promoting balanced economic development and trade among nations, for which purposes not more than 25 per centum of the currencies received pursuant to each such agreement shall be available through and under the procedures established by the Export-Import Bank for loans mutually agreeable to said bank and the country with which the agreement is made to United States business firms and branches, subsidiaries, or affiliates of such firms for business development and trade expansion in such countries and for loans to domestic or foreign firms for the establishment of facilities for aiding in the utilization, distribution, or otherwise increasing the consumption of, and markets for, United States agricultural products: Provided, however, That no such loans shall be made for the manufacture of any products to be exported to the United States in competition with products produced in the United States or for the manufacture or production of any commodity to be marketed in competition with United States agricultural commodities or the products thereof. Foreign currencies may be accepted in repayment of such loans; 10

(f) To pay United States obligations abroad;

(g) For loans to promote multilateral trade and economic development, made through established banking facilities of the friendly nation from which the foreign currency was obtained or in any other manner which the President may deem to be appropriate. Strategic materials, services, or foreign currencies may be accepted in payment of such loans;

(h) For the financing of international educational exchange activities under the programs authorized by section 32 (b) (2) of the Surplus Property Act of 1944, as amended (50 U. S. C. App. 1641 (b)) and for the financing in such amounts as may be specified from time to time in appropriation acts of programs for the interchange of persons under title II of the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948, as amended (22 U. S. C. 1446). In the allocation of funds as among the various purposes set forth in this section, a special effort shall be made to provide for the purposes of this subsection, including a particular effort with regard to: (1) countries where adequate funds are not available from other sources for such purposes, and (2) countries where agreements can be negotiated to establish a fund with the interest and principal available over a period of years for such purposes, such special and particular effort to include the setting aside of such amounts from sale proceeds and loan repayments under this title, not in excess of $1,000,000 a year in any one country for a period of not more than five years in advance, as may be determined by the Secretary of State to be required for the purposes of this subsection;

11

10 As amended by Pub. L. 85-128, 71 Stat. 345. approved August 13, 1957. 11 As amended by the Mutual Security Act of 1956, 70 Stat. 555, 564, Pub. L. 85-141, 71 Stat. 365, approved August 14, 1957, and Pub. L. 85-931, 72 Stat. 1790, approved September 6, 1958.

(i) For financing the translation, publication, and distribution of books and periodicals, including Government publications, abroad: Provided, That not more than $5,000,000 may be allocated for this purpose during any fiscal year; 12

(j) For providing assistance to activities and projects authorized by section 203 of the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948, as amended (22 U. S. C. 1448), but no foreign currencies which are available under the terms of any agreement for appropriation for the general use of the United States shall be used for the purposes of this subsection (j) without appropriation therefor; 18

(k) To collect, collate, translate, abstract, and disseminate scientific and technological information and to conduct and support scientific activities overseas including programs and projects of scientific cooperation between the United States and other countries such as coordinated research against diseases_common to all of mankind or unique to individual regions of the globe, but no foreign currencies shall be used for the purposes of this subsection (k) unless specific appropriations be made therefor;14

(1) For the acquisition by purchase, lease, rental or otherwise of sites and buildings and grounds abroad, for United States Government use including offices, residence quarters, community and other facilities, and for construction, repair, alteration and furnishing of such buildings and facilities: Provided, That foreign currencies shall be available for the purposes of this subsection (in addition to funds otherwise made available for such purposes) in such amounts as may be specified from time to time in appropriation acts;

(m) For financing in such amounts as may be specified from time to time in appropriation acts (A) trade fair participation and related activities authorized by section 3 of the International Cultural Exchange and Trade Fair Participation Act of 1956 (22 U. S. C. 1992), and (B) agricultural and horticultural fair participation and related activities;

(n) For financing under the direction of the Librarian of Congress, in consultation with the National Science Foundation and other interested agencies, in such amounts as may be specified from time to time in appropriation acts, (1) programs outside the United States for the analysis and evaluation of foreign books, periodicals, and other materials to determine whether they would provide information of technical or scientific significance in the United States and whether such books, periodicals, and other materials are of cultural or educational significance; (2) the registry, indexing, binding, reproduction, cataloging, abstracting, translating, and dissemination of books, periodicals, and related materials determined to have such significance; and (3) the acquisition of such books, periodicals,

12 Subsec. (1) added by the Mutual Security Act of 1956, 70 Stat. 555, 565. 13 Subsec. (j) added by the Act of August 3, 1956, 70 Stat. 988.

14 Subsec. (k) added by Pub. L. 85-477, 72 Stat. 261, 275, approved June 30, 1958. The Supplemental Appropriation Act, 1959, appropriates $5.100.000 to remain available until expended, to the President for the purchase of foreign currencies, pursuant to subsec. 104 (k), for disseminating scientific and technological information and supporting scientific activities overseas. Pub. L. 85-766, 72 Stat. 864, 871, approved August 27,

and other materials and the deposit thereof in libraries and research centers in the United States specializing in the areas to which they relate;

(0) For providing assistance, in such amounts as may be specified from time to time in appropriation acts, by grant or otherwise, in the expansion or operation in foreign countries of established schools, colleges, or universities founded or sponsored by citizens of the United States, for the purpose of enabling such educational institutions to carry on programs of vocational, professional, scientific, technological, or general education; and in the supporting of workshops in American studies or American educational techniques, and supporting chairs in American studies:15

Provided, however, That section 1415 of the Supplemental Appropriation Act, 1953,16 shall apply to all foreign currencies used for grants under subsections (d) and (e) and for payment of United States obligations involving grants under subsection (f) and to not less than 10 per centum of the foreign currencies which accrue under this title: Provided, however, That the President is authorized to waive such applicability of section 1415 in any case where he determines that it would be inappropriate or inconsistent with the purposes of this title. (7 U. S. C. 1704)

SEC. 105. Foreign currencies received pursuant to this title shall be deposited in a special account to the credit of the United States and shall be used only pursuant to section 104 of this title, and any department or agency of the government using any of such currencies for a purpose for which funds have been appropriated shall reimburse the Commodity Credit Corporation in an amount equivalent to the dollar value of the currencies used. (7 U. S. C. 1705)

SEC. 106. As used in this Act, "surplus agricultural commodity" shall mean any agricultural commodity or product thereof, class, kind, type, or other specification thereof, produced in the United States, either privately or publicly owned, which is or may be reasonably expected to be in excess of domestic requirements, adequate carryover, and anticipated exports for dollars, as determined by the Secretary of Agriculture. The Secretary of Agriculture is also authorized to determine the nations with whom agreements shall be negotiated, and to determine the commodities and quantities thereof which may be included in the negotiations with each country after advising with other agencies of Government affected and within broad policies laid down by the President for implementing this Act.17 (17 U. S. C. 1706)

SEC. 107. As used in this Act, "friendly nation" means any country other than (1) the U. S. S. R., or (2) any nation or area dominated or controlled by the foreign government or foreign organization controlling the world Communist movement. (7 U. S. C. 1707)

15 Subsections (1), (m), (n), and (o) added by Pub. L. 85-931, 72 Stat. 1791, approved September 6, 1958.

16 Section 1415 provides that "Foreign credits owed to or owned by the United States Treasury will not be available for expenditure by agencies of the United States after June 30, 1953, except as may be provided for annually in appropriation Acts and provisions for the utilization of such credits for purposes authorized by law are hereby authorized to be included in general appropriation Acts."

17 Last sentence added by the Act of August 12, 1955, 69 Stat. 721.

SEC. 108. The President shall make a report to Congress with respect to the activities carried on under this Act at least once each six months and at such other times as may be appropriate and such reports shall include the dollar value, at the exchange rates in effect at the time of the sale, of the foreign currency for which commodities exported pursuant to section 102 (a) hereof are sold. (7 U. S. C. 1708)

SEC. 109. No transactions shall be undertaken under authority of this title after December 31, 1959,18 except as required pursuant to agreements theretofore entered into pursuant to this title. (7 U. S. C. 1709)

TITLE II—FAMINE RELIEF AND OTHER ASSISTANCE 19

SEC. 201. In order to enable the President to furnish emergency assistance on behalf of the people of the United States to friendly peoples in meeting famine or other urgent or extraordinary20 relief requirements, the Commodity Credit Corporation shall make available to the President out of its stocks such surplus agricultural commodities (as defined in section 106 of title I)21 as he may request, for transfer (1) to any nation friendly to the United States in order to meet famine or other urgent or extraordinary 20 relief requirements of such nation, and (2) to friendly but needy populations without regard to the friendliness of their government. (7 U. S. C. 1721)

SEC. 202. The President may authorize the transfer on a grant basis of surplus agricultural commodities from Commodity Credit Corporation stocks to assist programs undertaken with friendly governments or through voluntary relief agencies: Provided, That the President shall take reasonable precaution that such transfers will not displace or interfere with sales which might otherwise be made. (7 U. S. C. 1722)

SEC. 203. Not more than $800,000,000 22 (including the Corporation's investment in the commodities) shall be expended for all such transfers and for other costs authorized by this title. The President may make such transfers through such agencies including intergovernmental organizations, in such manner, and upon such terms and conditions as he deems appropriate; he shall make use of the facilities of voluntary relief agencies to the extent practicable. Such transfers may include delivery f. o. b. vessels in United States ports and, upon a determination by the President that it is necessary to accomplish the purposes of this title or of section 416 of the Agricultural Act of 1949, as amended, ocean freight charges from United States ports to designated ports of entry abroad may be paid from funds available to carry out this title on commodities transferred pursuant

18 "December 31, 1959" substituted for "June 30, 1958" by the Act of September 6, 1958, 72 Stat. 1791. "1958" substituted for "1957" by the Act of August 13, 1957, 71 Stat. 345. 19 See also Pub. L. 85-683 (p. 136) as to flour and cornmeal donations.

20 Words "or extraordinary" inserted in two places by the Act of August 3, 1956, 70 Stat. 988.

21 Requirement that delivery be made "fo.b. vessels in United States ports" removed by sec. 208 (b) of Agricultural Act of 1956.

22 $800.000.000" substituted for "$500,000,000" by Pub. L. 85-128. 71 Stat. 345. approved August 13, 1957. "$500,000,000" substituted for "$300,000,000" by sec. 208 (c) of the Agricultural Act of 1956.

hereto or donated under said section 416. Funds required for ocean freight costs authorized under this title may be transferred by the Commodity Credit Corporation to such other Federal agency as may be designated by the President. (7 U. S. C. 1723) 23

SEC. 204. No programs of assistance shall be undertaken under the authority of this title after December 31, 1959. (7 U. S. C. 1724) 24

TITLE III-GENERAL PROVISIONS

SEC. 301. [This section contains an amendment to section 407 of the Agricultural Act of 1949 (p. 131), authorizing Commodity Credit Corporation to make commodities available to relieve distress.]

SEC. 302. [This section contains a revision of section 416 of the Agricultural Act of 1949 (p. 135), which authorizes various methods of disposition by Commodity Credit Corporation of commodities in surplus supply.]

SEC. 303. The Secretary shall, whenever he determines that such action is in the best interest of the United States, and to the maximum extent practicable, barter or exchange agricultural commodities owned by the Commodity Credit Corporation for (a) such strategic or other materials of which the United States does not domestically produce its requirements and which entail less risk of loss through deterioration or substantially less storage charges as the President may designate, or (b) materials, goods, or equipment required in connection with foreign economic and military aid and assistance programs, or (c) materials or equipment required in substantial quantities for offshore construction programs. He is hereby directed to use every practicable means, in cooperation with other Government agencies, to arrange and make, through private channels, such barters or exchanges or to utilize the authority conferred on him by section 4 (h) of the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act, as amended, to make such barters or exchanges. In carrying out barters or exchanges authorized by this section, no restrictions shall be placed on the countries of the free world into which surplus agricultural commodities may be sold, except to the extent that the Secretary shall find necessary in order to take reasonable precautions to safeguard usual marketings of the United States and to assure that barters or exchanges under this Act will not unduly disrupt world prices of agricultural commodities or replace cash sales for dollars. The Secretary may permit the domestic processing of raw materials of foreign origin. The Secretary shall endeavor to cooperate with other exporting countries in preserving normal patterns of commercial trade with respect to commodities covered by formal multilateral international marketing agreements to which the United States is a party. Agencies of the United States Government procuring such materials, goods, or equipment are hereby directed to cooperate with the Secretary in the disposal

23 Sec. 208 (c) of the Agricultural Act of 1956 provided for payment of other costs authorized by title II (including sec. 416 ocean freight costs) and added last two

sentences.

24 "December 31, 1959" substituted for "June 30, 1958" by Pub. L. 85-931, 72 Stat. 1791, approved September 6, 1958. "1958" substituted for "1957" by Pub. L. 85-128, 71 Stat. 345, approved August 13, 1957.