through unions and corporations enjoying Government sanction and protection for joint economic action. For these reasons, among others, the farmers are unable without Federal assistance to control effectively the orderly marketing of such commodity with the result that abnormally excessive supplies thereof are produced and dumped indiscriminately on the Nation-wide market. (7 U. S. C. 1351 (a).) (b) The disorderly marketing of such abnormally excessive supplies affects, burdens, and obstructs interstate and foreign commerce by (1) materially affecting the volume of such commodity marketed therein, (2) disrupting the orderly marketing of such commodity therein, (3) reducing the prices for such commodity with consequent injury and destruction of such commerce in such commodity, and (4) causing a disparity between the prices for such commodity in interstate and foreign commerce and industrial products therein, with a consequent diminution of the volume of interstate and foreign commerce in industrial products. (7 U. S. C. 1351 (b).)

(c) Whenever an abnormally excessive supply of rice exists, the marketing of such commodity by the producers thereof directly and substantially affects interstate and foreign commerce in such commodity and its products, and the operation of the provisions of this Part becomes necessary and appropriate in order to promote, foster, and maintain an orderly flow of such supply in interstate and foreign commerce. (7 U. S. C. 1351 (c).)

NATIONAL ACREAGE ALLOTMENT

SEC. 352. The national acreage allotment of rice for any calendar year shall be that acreage which the Secretary determines will, on the basis of the national average yield of rice for the five calendar years immediately preceding the calendar year for which such national average yield is determined, produce an amount of rice adequate, together with the estimated carry-over from the marketing year ending in such calendar year, to make available a supply for the marketing year commencing in such calendar year not less than the normal supply: Provided, however, That for 1956 no national acreage allotment shall be established which is less than 85 per centum of the final allotment established for the immediately preceding year. Such national acreage allotment shall be proclaimed not later than December 31 of each year. (7 U. S. C. 1352.)

APPORTIONMENT OF NATIONAL ACREAGE ALLOTMENT

SEC. 353. (a) The national acreage allotment of rice for each calendar year, less a reserve of not to exceed 1 per centum thereof for apportionment by the Secretary as provided in this subsection, shall be apportioned by the Secretary among the several States in which rice is produced in proportion to the average number of acres of rice in each State during the five-year period immediately preceding the calendar year for which such national acreage allotment of rice is determined (plus, in applicable years, the acreage diverted under previous agricultural adjustment and conservation programs) with adjustments for trends in acreage during the applicable period. The Secretary shall provide for the apportionment of the reserve acreage

set aside pursuant to this subsection to farms receiving allotments which are inadequate because of an insufficient State or county acreage allotment or because rice was not planted on the farm during all of the preceding five years. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this subsection, the reserve acreage set aside for the 1950 crop pursuant to this subsection shall not exceed one-half of 1 per centum and shall be in addition to the 1950 national acreage allotment as heretofore proclaimed by the Secretary and apportioned by him among the several rice-producing States and shall be available for apportionment to new farms without regard to the limitation contained in subsection (b) of this section. (7 U. S. C. 1353 (a).)

(b) The State acreage allotment shall be apportioned to farms owned or operated by persons who have produced rice in the State in any one of the five calendar years immediately preceding the year for which such apportionment is made on the basis of past production of rice in the State by the producer on the farm taking into consideration the acreage allotments previously established in the State for such owners or operators; abnormal conditions affecting acreage; land, labor, and equipment available for the production of rice; crop rotation practices; and the soil and other physical factors affecting the production of rice: Provided, That if the State committee recommends such action and the Secretary determines that such action will facilitate the effective administration of the Act, he may provide for the apportionment of part or all of the State acreage allotment to farms on which rice has been produced during any one of such period of years on the basis of the foregoing factors, using past production of rice on the farm and the acreage allotments previously established for the farm in lieu of past production of rice by the producer and the acreage allotments previously established for such owners or operators. Not more than 3 per centum of the State acreage allotment shall be apportioned among farms operated by persons who will produce rice during the calendar year for which the allotment is made but who have not produced rice in the State in any one of the past five years, on the basis of the applicable apportionment factors set forth herein: Provided further, That if the Secretary determines that part of the State acreage allotment shall be apportioned on the basis of past production of rice by the producer on the farm and part on the basis of the past production of rice on the farm, he shall divide the State into two administrative areas, to be designated "producer administrative area" and "farm administrative area", respectively, which areas shall be separated by a natural barrier which would prevent each area from being readily accessible to rice producers in one area for producing rice in the other area, and each such area shall be composed of whole counties: 36 Provided, That in any State in which allotments are established for farms on the basis of past production of rice on the farm such percentage of the State acreage allotment shall be apportioned among

38 Sec. 2c of Pub. L. 85-443, 72 Stat. 177, June 4, 1958, provides that the sentence preceding this footnote "shall become effective for the 1958 and subsequent crops of rice: Provided, That if any State is divided into administrative areas for 1958 pursuant to section 353 (b) of the Act, as amended, acreage allotments heretofore established for farms in such areas shall be redetermined to the extent required as a result of such division: Provided further, That the allotment heretofore established for any farm shall not be reduced as a result of such redetermination. The additional acreage, if any, required to provide such minimum allotments shall be in addition to the 1958 National and State acreage allotments."

..

4.

Cement & Es ir y calendar LA THEBEAST resemnes villan the Te or te ive summour years

2 is authier far or vic Si mãional main same an amount of ze adequate, le alain aver from de mirseng year endkundas par, o nake 17lacie a supply for the market14 prae buudal og i vien a.endar year not less than the normal Proutes nossener That for 1956 no national acreage allotduan na matant her wich is less than 85 per centum of the hions and ment, der for the immediately preceding year. Such halimal acımage allotment shall be proclaimed not later than DecemJan Al of kai), year. (7 C. S. C. 1352.)

APPORTIONMENT OF NATIONAL ACREAGE ALLOTMENT

1500 dad (4) The national acreage allotment of rice for each calenwhat, lewą (merve of not to exceed 1 per centum thereof for quent by the Secretary as provided in this subsection, shall ctioned by the Secretary among the several States in which coduced in proportion to the average number of acres of rice state during the five year period immediately preceding the You for which such national acreage allotment of rice is ad (ples, in applicable years, the acreage diverted under cultural adjustment and conservation programs) with for trends in acreage during the applicable period. The all provide for the apportionment of the reserve acreage

set aside pursuant to this subsection to farms receiving allotments which are inadequate because of an insufficient State or county acreage allotment or because rice was not planted on the farm during all of the preceding five years. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this subsection, the reserve acreage set aside for the 1950 crop pursuant to this subsection shall not exceed one-half of 1 per centum and shall be in addition to the 1950 national acreage allotment as heretofore proclaimed by the Secretary and apportioned by him among the several rice-producing States and shall be available for apportionment to new farms without regard to the limitation contained in subsection (b) of this section. (7 U. S. C. 1353 (a).)

(b) The State acreage allotment shall be apportioned to farms owned or operated by persons who have produced rice in the State in any one of the five calendar years immediately preceding the year for which such apportionment is made on the basis of past production of rice in the State by the producer on the farm taking into consideration the acreage allotments previously established in the State for such owners or operators; abnormal conditions affecting acreage; land, labor, and equipment available for the production of rice; crop rotation practices; and the soil and other physical factors affecting the production of rice: Provided, That if the State committee recommends such action and the Secretary determines that such action will facilitate the effective administration of the Act, he may provide for the apportionment of part or all of the State acreage allotment to farms on which rice has been produced during any one of such period of years on the basis of the foregoing factors, using past production of rice on the farm and the acreage allotments previously established for the farm in lieu of past production of rice by the producer and the acreage allotments previously established for such owners or operators. Not more than 3 per centum of the State acreage allotment shall be apportioned among farms operated by persons who will produce rice during the calendar year for which the allotment is made but who have not produced rice in the State in any one of the past five years, on the basis of the applicable apportionment factors set forth herein: Provided further, That if the Secretary determines that part of the State acreage allotment shall be apportioned on the basis of past production of rice by the producer on the farm and part on the basis of the past production of rice on the farm, he shall divide the State into two administrative areas, to be designated "producer administrative area" and "farm administrative area", respectively, which areas shall be separated by a natural barrier which would prevent each area from being readily accessible to rice producers in one area for producing rice in the other area, and each such area shall be composed of whole counties: 36 Provided, That in any State in which allotments are established for farms on the basis of past production of rice on the farm such percentage of the State acreage allotment shall be apportioned among

Sec. 2c of Pub. L. 85-443, 72 Stat. 177, June 4, 1958, provides that the sentence preceding this footnote "shall become effective for the 1958 and subsequent crops of rice: Provided, That if any State is divided into administrative areas for 1958 pursuant to section 353 (b) of the Act, as amended, acreage allotments heretofore established for farms in such areas shall be redetermined to the extent required as a result of such division: Provided further, That the allotment heretofore established for any farm shall not be reduced as a result of such redetermination. The additional acreage, if any, required to provide such minimum allotments shall be in addition to the 1958 National and State acreage allotments."

the farms on which rice is to be planted during the calendar year for which the apportionment is made but on which rice was not planted during any of the past five years, on the basis of the applicable apportionment factors set forth herein. In determining the eligibility of any producer or farm for an allotment as an old producer or farm under the first sentence of this subsection or as a new producer or farm under the second sentence of this subsection, such producer or farm shall not be considered to have produced rice on any acreage which under subsection (c) (2) is either not to be taken into account in establishing acreage allotments or is not to be credited to such producer. 37 For purposes of this section in States which have been divided into administrative areas pursuant to this subsection the term "State acreage allotment" shall be deemed to mean that part of the State acreage allotment apportioned to each administrative area and the word "State" shall be deemed to mean "administrative area", wherever applicable. (7 U. S. C. 1353 (b).) ss [The portions in italics in section 353 (b) was added by Pub. L. 85-443, 72 Stat. 177, June 4, 1958.]

38

(c) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Act

(1) If farm acreage allotments are established by using past production of rice on the farm and the acreage allotments previously established for the farm in lieu of past production of rice by the producer and the acreage allotments previously established for owners or operators, the State acreage allotment shall be apportioned among counties in the State on the same basis as the national acreage allotment is apportioned among the States and the county acreage allotments shall be apportioned to farms on the basis of the applicable factors set forth in subsection (b) of this section: Provided, That if the State is divided into administrative areas pursuant to subsection (b) of this section the allotment for each administrative area shall be determined by apportioning the State acreage allotment among counties as provided in this subsection and totaling the allotments for the counties in such area: 39 Provided, That the State committee may reserve not to exceed 5 per centum of the State allotment, which shall be used to make adjustments in county allotments for trends in acreage and for abnormal conditions affecting plantings;

(2) Any acreage planted to rice in excess of the farm acreage allotment shall not be taken into account in establishing State, county, and farm acreage allotments.

In determining the past production of rice by producers on a farm for the purpose of establishing farm acreage allotments for the 1956 and subsequent crops, the acreage of rice on the farm for any year for which farm acreage allotments were in effect shall be divided among the producers thereon in the proportion in which they contributed to the farm acreage allotment.

(3) Each of the State acreage allotments for 1955 heretofore proclaimed by the Secretary shall be increased by 2 per centum

37 Sec. 1 of Pub. L. 85-443, 72 Stat. 177, June 4, 1958, provides that the sentence preceding this footnote "shall be applicable to the planting of rice in 1958 and subsequent years." 38 Footnote 36 is also applicable to this sentence.

39 New proviso added by Pub. L. 85-443, 72 Stat. 177, June 4, 1958. Footnote 36 is also applicable to this new proviso.