Denies that motor XII. Hypoglossal. Hermann, loc. cit. Muscles of tongue, Quain, loc. cit. muscles connected It supplies, alone or Volkmann, loc. cit. As a rule no move to movements of the pharynx, larynx, &c., as stated by other authors. Intrinsic muscles of tongue of the same side only. Not the depres sors of hyoid bone. II. "An Additional Contribution to the Placentation of the Lemurs." By Professor Sir WM. TURNER, Knt., M.B., LL.D., F.R.S. Received May 21, 1888. In 1876 I contributed to the Royal Society a memoir "On the Placentation of the Lemurs," which was published in the 'Philosophical Transactions' of that year (vol. 166, Part 2). The gravid uteri which I examined and described were from specimens of Propithecus diadema, Lemur rufipes, and Indris brevicaudatus. The examination showed in these Lemurs that the placental villi were diffused over the greater part of the surface of the chorion, so as to approximate in general plan with the arrangement in the Pig, Mare, and Cetacean, though of course with special characters of their own; that there were also distinct areas on the chorion free from villi; that the uterine mucous membrane possessed multitudes of crypts, from out of which the villi were easily drawn; that smooth patches of mucous membrane devoid of crypts, and corresponding to the non-villous parts of the chorion were present, towards which the stems of the uterine glands converged in a remarkable manner, and on the surface of which they opened by obliquely directed mouths in considerable numbers. Further, it was pointed out that the chorion occupied both horns of the uterus, though the part which was prolonged into the non-gravid horn was only a short diverticulum, and that the allantois formed a large persistent sac, which, like the sac of the amnion, did not extend into the diverticulum of the chorion. The specimens were at different stages of gestation, but none was at the full time, though the foetus of Propithecus was well developed, and measured, without including the tail, 5 inches in length. In April of the present year I received from F. E. Beddard, Esq., Prosector to the Zoological Society of London, the gravid uterus of a Lemur, which he informs me was Lemur xanthomystax. The animal had died during labour. On examining the specimen the uterus showed no signs of inflammation, but its posterior wall was ruptured immediately above the line of reflection of the peritoneum from the rectum on to it. The caudal end of the foetus occupied the upper third of the vagina, the membranes having been torn so as to allow the passage of the hinder part of the trunk out of the uterus. The uterine vessels were then filled with a carmine and gelatine injection, and the vessels of the chorion were partially filled with a blue injection through the umbilical trunks. The uterus was somewhat smaller than that of Propithecus diadema, described in the memoir above referred to. As in that specimen it seemed on external examination as if it were a single uterus, but when opened into it was seen to possess a largely dilated left cornu, containing the head of the foetus, and a short right cornu, dilated to about the size of a walnut, both of which freely communicated with the cavity of the corpus uteri ; a depending fold of mucous membrane not half an inch deep separated the cornua from each other. The vagina was about 60 mm. long, and with a smooth mucous membrane. The os uteri was defined by a circular fold of mucous membrane. Each ovary was only about half the size of a common pea, and the left one contained a highly vascular corpus luteum. The folds and sulci of the mucous membrane both of the corpus and cornua uteri with their numerous crypts, corresponded generally with those previously described and figured by me in P. diadema. The largest area of smooth mucous membrane was immediately above the os uteri; that next in size was situated around the orifice of the left Fallopian tube, whilst a smaller one surrounded the opening of the right tuba. Smooth areas were interspersed amidst the mucous folds; they were much less vascular than the folds and crypts, but as, both in their appearance to the naked eye and their relation to the openings of the uterine glands, they corresponded closely to what I have previously described in P. diadema and Lemur rufipes, I need not further describe them. The epithelial contents gave to the uterine glands a yellowish colour; but it was difficult to individualise in them the separate cells, the contents of which were granular, and the outlines indistinct. It seemed indeed as if the cells were in process of degeneration, owing to the period of gestation having come to an end, and as parturition had begun, the glands were no longer required to take a part in the nutrition of the foetus. The gland-layer of the mucous membrane was readily distinguished subjacent to the cryptlayer. The folds and crypts surrounding the smooth areas of the mucosa were highly vascular. The crypts opened freely on the surface, and to some extent smaller secondary crypts branched off from the larger depressions. The distribution of the compact capillary network in the walls of the crypts resembled the arrangement previously figured in P. diadema. I drew the chorion away from the uterine mucosa by gentle traction, and in the process of detachment the villi came out of the crypts with great ease. A considerable area of chorion next the os uteri, some of which had been torn in the descent of the foetus, was free from villi and not very vascular. As one traced the chorion from the os, short scattered villi in the first instance projected from it, to be succeeded still further away by longer and broader villi arranged either in tufts or rows, the size and arrangement of the villi being adapted to the crypts in the mucosa. Opposite the uterine opening of the left Fallopian tube an area of the chorion about 33 mm. in its longest diameter was smooth and free from villi: it was placed at the end of the chorion furthest removed from the os uteri. A much smaller non-villous area of chorion corresponded to the opening of the right tuba, and was much nearer to the os than was the case with the non-villous area opposite the left tuba; in the right cornu the villi were arranged in low ridges, and the ridges and furrows in the uterine mucous membrane were shallow. Owing to the shortness of the right uterine cornu, the chorion lodged within it formed only a slight projection of the general bag of the chorion. Smooth patches of chorion, in apposition with the corresponding smooth areas of the mucosa, were interspersed amidst the rows and tufts of villi which covered so large a proportion of the free surface of the chorion. The blue injection which had been passed into the umbilical trunks had filled the vessels ramifying in the deeper layer of the chorion, which could be seen both in the villous and non-villous parts of the membrane not unfrequently having a tortuous course. Opposite the bases of the villi these vessels gave off small branches which entered the villi and formed in them a close network of capillaries. The large sacs both of the amnion and allantois in L. xanthomystax closely corresponded in arrangement with those previously described by me in Lemur rufipes. The foetus was 19 cm. long from the tip of the nose to the root of the tail, and the tail was 14 cm. long. It was evidently quite mature and the hairs and nails were well developed. The lower incisors had partially cut the gum. Both in this specimen and in the Propithecus diadema previously described the breech was the presenting part, and |