withdrawn by him or paid or transferred to him in the shape of dividends, profits, or otherwise, during the continuance of the partnership, but any partner may annually receive lawful interest on the sum so contributed by him if the payment of such interest shall not reduce the original amount of such capital; and if after payment of such interest any profits shall remain to be divided, he may also receive his portion of such profits.

Sec. 1519. REDUCTION OF CAPITAL.-If it shall appear that by the payment of interest or profits to any special partner the original capital has been reduced, the partner receiving the same shall be bound to restore the amount necessary to make good his share of capital, with interest, on being notified thereof.

Sec. 1520. ASSIGNMENT WITH PREFERENCES.—Every sale, assignment, or transfer of any property or effects of a partnership, or of any general partner, made by such partnership or general partner when insolvent or in contemplation of insolvency, or after or in contemplation of the insolvency of any general partner, with the intent of giving preference to any creditor of such partnership or insolvent partner, and every judgment confessed, lien created, or security given by such partnership or general partner under the like circumstances and with the like intent, shall be void as against the creditors of such partnership.

Sec. 1521. Every special partner who shall violate any of the provisions of the two preceding sections, or who shall concur in or assent to any such violation by the partnership or by any individual partner, shall be liable as a general partner.

Sec. 1522. NO PARTNER TO CLAIM BEFORE CREDITORS ARE PAID. In case of the insolvency or bankruptcy of a partnership no special partner shall, under any circumstances, be allowed to claim as a creditor until the claims of all the other creditors of the partnership shall be satisfied.

Sec. 1523. SUITS TO BE AGAINST GENERAL PARTNERS ONLY, IN WHAT CASES.-All Suits respecting the business of the partnership shall be brought by and against the general partners only, subject to the provisions of section fifteen hundred and fifteen, except in those cases in which provision is made in this chapter that special partners shall be deemed general partners and special partnerships general partnerships, in which cases all persons so becoming general partners may be joined with those originally general partners in any suit brought against such partnerships.

Sec. 1524. If, in any case or suit brought against general and special partners, it shall appear at the trial of the case that the special partners or any one of them are not liable to the suit of the plaintiff, the court may proceed to judgment or decree against the partners who may appear to be liable, in the same manner as if such partners were the only parties defendant to the suit, excepting that the partners who may be deemed not liable shall recover their legal costs against the plaintiffs.

Sec. 1525. If, in any case or suit brought against general and special partners, the creditor shall recover a judgment or obtain a decree against the general partners only, and shall afterward discover that special partners, or some one or more of them, have become liable as

general partners, he may bring a new suit against such special partner or partners.

Sec. 1526. In the suits mentioned in the two preceding sections the judgment recovered shall be prima facie evidence of the amount due by the partnerships, and the partnership debt shall not be merged in any judgment or decree recovered or obtained against any partner or partners as against any other partner or partners.

Sec. 1527. VOLUNTARY DISSOLUTION.-No dissolution of such partnership by act of the partners shall take place previous to the time specified in the certificate of its formation, or in the certificate of its renewal, unless in consequence of the death of one of the partners or insolvency of the partnership or of one of the general partners, nor until a notice of such dissolution shall have been filed and recorded in the office of the clerk of the supreme court of the District, and published once a week for four weeks in two newspapers to be designated by the clerk, which publication may be proved by affidavit, and recorded as hereinbefore prescribed for the publication of the certificate for the formation of such partnership.

Sec. 1528. LIABILITY OF THE GENERAL PARTNERS.-The general partners shall be liable to account to each other and to the special partners for the management of the concern, both at law and in equity.

CHAPTER XLVIII.

PAYMENT OF MONEY INTO COURT.

Sec. 1529. IN WHAT CASES. In any personal action the defendant may pay into court a sum of money on account of what is claimed by the plaintiff, or by way of compensation or amends, with costs to the time of such payment, and plead that he is not indebted to the plaintiff (or that the plaintiff has not sustained damages) to a greater amount. than said sum.

Sec. 1530. RIGHT OF PLAINTIFF.-The plaintiff may accept the said sum, either in full satisfaction or in part satisfaction, and reply to the plea generally, and if issue thereon be found for the defendant judgment shall be given for the defendant and he shall recover his costs.

Sec. 1531. DEFENDANT'S RIGHT ON CLAIM BY THIRD PARTY.-Upon affidavit by the defendant, in an action upon contract or for the recovery of personal property, that a third party, without collusion with him, has or makes claim to the subject of the action, and that he, the defendant, is ready to pay or dispose of the same as the court may direct, the court may make an order for the safe-keeping or for the payment or deposit in court of the subject of the action, or the delivery thereof to such person as it may direct, and also an order requiring such third party to appear in a reasonable time and maintain or relinquish his claim against the defendant; and if said third party, having been served with a copy of the order by the marshal, fail to appear the court may declare him barred of all claim in respect to the subject of the action against the defendant therein; but if he appear he shall be allowed to make himself defendant in the action in lieu of the original defendant, who shall be discharged from all liability to either of the other parties in respect to the subject of the action on his compliance with the order of the court for the payment, deposit, or delivery thereof.

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CHAPTER XLIX.
CHAPT

PLEADINGS AND PRACTICE IN RELATION THERETO.

Sec. 1532. JOINDER OF CLAIMS.-The plaintiff may join in his declaration in debt, in separate counts, different claims for liquidated amounts due him, whether founded on judgment, specialty, or simple contract, and also claims for unliquidated damages for breach of contract, whether growing out of specialties or simple contract. He may also join in his declaration in trespass, in separate counts, different claims for damages for torts, whether committed with force or not. He shall [not] also be allowed to join in the same declaration counts sounding in tort and counts sounding in contract when they relate to the same transaction, but not otherwise.

Sec. 1533. WAIVER OF DEMURRER.-In all cases, civil or criminal, in which any or either party shall demur to any indictment, declaration, or other pleading of the adverse party, and said demurrer shall be overruled, the party demurring shall have the right to plead over, by traverse or otherwise, without waiving his said demurrer; and upon appeal shall have the right to insist upon his demurrer and have the benefit thereof as fully as if he had not pleaded over.

Sec. 1534. NON EST FACTUM. -No plea of non est factum shall be received unless it be verified by the oath of the party tendering the same, or unless the defendant, being heir, executor, or administrator of the person alleged to have made the deed, obtain leave of the court, upon just cause shown, to put in such plea without verification.

Sec. 1535. PLAINTIFF'S OFFICIAL CHARACTER, HOW DENIED.-If either party wishes to deny the right of any other party to claim as executor, or as trustee, or in other representative capacity, or as a corporation, he shall deny the same specially under oath, unless for cause shown he obtain leave of the court to make such denial without oath.-Act of June 30, 1902.

[Sec. 1535. PLAINTIFF'S OFFICIAL CHARACTER, HOW DENIED.-If either party wishes to deny the right of any other party to claim as executor, or as trustee, or in other representative capacity, or as a corporation, he shall deny the same specially under oath.]

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CHAPTER L.

PROCESS.

Sec. 1536. SUMMONS.-In all common-law civil suits and actions in the District of Columbia the process for compelling the defendant's appearance shall be a summons in the following form:

You are hereby summoned to appear in this court on or before the twentieth day, exclusive of Sundays and legal holidays, after the day of service of this writ upon you, to answer the plaintiff's suit and show why he should not have judgment against you for the cause of action stated in his declaration; and in case of your failure so to appear and answer, judgment will be given against you by default.

Witness the honorable ......, chief justice of said court, the......day of

By

anno Domini.... Clerk, Assistant Clerk.

Sec. 1537. SERVICE ON FOREIGN CORPORATIONS.-In actions against foreign corporations doing business in the District all process may be served on the agent of such corporation or person conducting its business, or, in case he is absent and can not be found, by leaving a copy at the principal place of business in the District, or, if there be no such place of business, by leaving the same at the place of business or residence of such agent in said District, and such service shall be effectual to bring the corporation before the court.

When a foreign corporation shall transact business in the District without having any place of business or resident agent therein, service upon any officer or agent of such corporation in the District shall be effectual as to suits growing out of contracts entered into or to be performed, in whole or in part, in the District of Columbia or growing out of any tort heretofore or hereafter committed in the said District.

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