ART. 19. His Britannic Majesty does on his part and in his own name, and in that of his heirs and successors, promise and engage, that all goods, merchandises and articles whatsoever, of the produce, manufacture, industry, or invention of the dominions or subjects of his Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal, shall be received and admitted into all and singular the ports and dominions of his Britannic Majesty, on paying generally and only the same duties that are paid upon similar articles by the subjects of the most favoured nation. And it is expressly declared, that if any reduction of duties should take place exclusively in favour of British goods and merchandises imported into the dominions of his Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal, an equivalent reduction shall take place on Portuguese goods and merchandises imported into his Britannic Majesty's dominions, and vice versa, the articles upon which such equivalent reduction is to take place being settled by previous concert and agreement between the two high contracting parties. It is understood, that any such reduction so granted by either party to the other, shall not be granted afterwards (except upon the same terms and for the same compensation) in favour of any other state or nation whatsoever. And this declaration is to be considered as reciprocal on the part of the two high contracting parties. ART. 20. But as there are some articles of the growth and produce of Brazil, which are excluded from the markets and home consumption of the British dominions, such as sugar, coffee, and other articles similar to the produce of the British colonies, his Britannic Majesty, willing to favour and protect (as much as possible) the commerce of the subjects of his Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal, consents and permits, that the said articles, as well as all other the growth and produce of Brazil, and all other parts of the Portuguese dominions may be received and warehoused in all the ports of his dominions which shall be by law appointed to be warehousing ports for those articles, for the purpose of reexportation, under due regulation, exempted from the greater duties with which they would be charged were they destined for consumption within the British dominions, and liable only to the reduced duties and expenses on warehousing and reexportation. ART. 21. In like manner, notwithstanding the general privilege of admission thus granted in the 15th article of the present treaty by his Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal, in favour of all goods and merchandises, the produce and manufacture of the British dominions, his Royal Highness reserves to himself the right of imposing heavy, and even prohibitory duties on all articles known by the name of British East India goods, and West India produce, such as sugar and coffee, which cannot be admitted for consumption in the Portuguese dominions by reason of the same principle of colonial policy which prevents the free admission into the British dominions of corresponding articles of Brazilian produce. But his Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal consents that all the ports of his dominions, where there are or may be customhouses, shall be free ports for the reception and admission of all articles whatsoever, the produce or manufacture of the British dominions, not destined for the consumption of the place at which they may be received or admitted, but for reexportation, either for other ports of the dominions of Portugal, or for those of other states. And the articles thus received and admitted (subject to due regulations) shall be exempted from the duties with which they would be charged if destined for the consumption of the place at which they may be landed or warehoused, and liable only to the same expenses that may be paid by articles of Brazilian produce, received and warehoused for reexportation in the ports of his Britannic Majesty's dominions. ART. 22. His Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal, in order to facilitate and encourage the legitimate commerce, not only of the subjects of Great Britain, but also of those of Portugal, with other states adjacent to his own dominions, and with a view also to augment and secure that part of his own revenue which is derived from the collection of warehousing duties upon merchandise, is pleased to declare the port of Saint Catharine's to be a free port, according to the terms mentioned in the preceding article of the present treaty. ART. 23. His Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal being desirous to place the system of commerce announced by the present treaty, upon the most extensive basis, is pleased to take the opportunity offered by it, of publishing the determination preconceived in his Royal Highness's mind, of rendering Goa a free port, and of permitting the free toleration of all religious sects whatever in that city and its dependencies. ART. 24. All trade with the Portuguese possessions situated upon the Eastern coast of the continent of Africa (in articles not included in the exclusive contracts possessed by the crown of Portugal) which may have been formerly allowed to the subjects of Great Britain, is confirmed and secured to them now, and for ever, in the same manner as the trade which has hitherto been per mitted to Portuguese subjects in the ports and seas of Asia is confirmed and secured to them by virtue of the sixth article of the present treaty. ART. 25. But in order to give due effect to that system of perfect reciprocity which the two high contracting parties are willing to establish as the basis of their mutual relations, his Britannic Majesty consents to waive the right of creating factories or incorporated bodies of British merchants under any name or description whatsoever, within the dominions of his Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal; provided, however, that this concession in favour of the wishes of his Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal shall not deprive the subjects of his Britannic Majesty, residing within the dominions of Portugal, of the full enjoyment as individuals engaged in commerce, of any of those rights and privileges which they did or might possess as members of incorporated commercial bodies; and also, that the commerce and trade carried on by British subjects shall not be restricted, annoyed, or otherwise affected by any commercial company whatever, possessing executive privileges and favours within the dominions of Portugal. And his Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal does also engage, that he will not consent nor permit that any other nation or state shall possess factories, or incorporated bodies of merchants, within his dominions, so long as British factories shall not be established therein. ART. 26. The two high contracting parties agree, that they will forthwith proceed to the revision of all other former treaties subsisting between the two crowns, for the purpose of ascertaining what stipulations contained in them are, in the present state of affairs, proper to be continued or renewed. It is agreed and declared, that the stipulations contained in former treaties, concerning the admission of the wines of Portugal on the one hand, and the woollen cloths of Great Britain on the other, shall at present remain unaltered. In the same manner it is agreed, that the favours, privileges and immunities granted by either contracting party to the subjects of the other, whether by Treaty, Decree, or Alvara, shall remain unaltered, except the power granted by former treaties, of carrying in the ships of either country, goods and merchandises of any description whatever, the property of the enemies of the other country, which power is now mutually and publicly renounced and abrogated. ART. 27. The reciprocal liberty of commerce and navigation, declared and announced by the present treaty, shall be considered to extend to all goods and merchandises whatsoever, except those articles the property of the enemies of either power, or contraband of war. ART. 28. Under the name of contraband or prohibited articles shall be comprehended not only arms, cannon, harquebusses, mortars, petards, bombs, grenades, saucisses, carcasses, carriages for cannon, musket rests, bandoliers, gunpowder, match, saltpetre, balls, pikes, swords, head pieces, helmets, cuirasses, halberts, javelins, holsters, belts, horses and their harness, but generally all other articles that may have been specified as contraband in any former treaties concluded by Great Britain or by Portugal with other powers. But goods which have not been wrought into the form of warlike instruments, or which cannot become such, shall not be reputed contraband; much less such as have been already wrought and made up for other purposes; all which shall be deemed not contraband, and may be freely carried by the subjects of both sovereigns even to places belonging to an enemy, excepting only such places as are besieged, blockaded, or invested by sea or land. ART. 29. In case any ships or vessels of war, or merchantmen should be shipwrecked on the coast of either of the high contracting parties, all such parts of the said ships or vessels or of the furniture and appurtenances thereof, as also of goods and merchandises as shall be saved, or the produce thereof, shall be faithfully restored upon the same being claimed by the proprietors or their factors duly authorized, paying only the expenses incurred in the preservation thereof, according to the rate of salvage settled on both sides (having at the same time the rights and customs of each nation, the abolition or modification of which shall, however, be treated upon in the cases where they shall be contrary to the stipulations of the present article:) and the high contracting parties will mutually interpose their authority that such of their subjects as shall take advantage of any such misfortune, may be severely punished. ART. 30. And, for the greater security and liberty of commerce and navigation, it is further agreed, that both his Britannic Majesty and his Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal, shall not only refuse to receive any pirates or sea-rovers whatsoever, into any of their havens, ports, cities or towns, or permit any of their subjects, citizens or inhabitants, on either part, to receive or protect them in their ports, to harbour them in their houses, or to assist them in any manner whatsoever; but further, that they shall cause all such pirates and searovers, and all persons who shall receive, conceal or assist them, to be brought to condign punishment, for a terror and example to others. And all their ships, with the goods or merchandises taken by them, and brought into the ports belonging to either of the high contracting parties, shall be seized as far as they can be discovered, and shall be restored to the owners, or the factors duly authorized or deputed by them in writing, proper evidence being first given to prove the property; even in case such effects should have passed into other hands by sale, if it be ascertained that the buyers knew or might have known that they had been piratically taken. ART. 31. For the future security of commerce and friendship between the subjects of his Britannic Majesty and his Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal, and to the end that their mutual good understanding may be preserved from all interruption and disturbance, it is concluded and agreed, that if at any time there should arise any disagreement, breach of friendship, or rupture between the crowns of the high contracting parties, which God forbid, (which rupture shall not be deemed to exist until the recalling or sending home of the respective ambassadors and ministers) the subjects of each of the two parties residing in the dominions of the other, shall have the privilege of remaining and continuing their trade therein, without any manner of interruption, so long as they behave peaceably, and commit no offence against the laws and ordinances; and in case their conduct should render them suspected, and the respective governments should be obliged to order them to remove, the term of twelve months shall be allowed them for that purpose, in order that they may retire with their effects and property, whether intrusted to individuals or to the state. At the same time, it is to be understood, that this favour is not to be extended to those who shall act in any manner contrary to the established laws. ART. 32. It is agreed and stipulated, by the high contracting parties, that the present treaty shall be unlimited in point of duration, that the obligations and conditions expressed or implied in it shall be perpetual and immutable; and they shall not be changed or affected in any manner in case his Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal, his heirs or successors, should again establish the seat of the Portuguese monarchy, within the European dominions of that crown. ART. 33. But the two high contracting parties do reserve to themselves the right of jointly examining and revising the several articles of this treaty at the expiration of fifteen years, counted in the first instance from the date of the exchange of the ratification thereof, and of then proposing, discussing, and making such amendments or additions, as the real interests of their respective subjects may seem to require. It being understood, that any stipu lation which at the period of revision of the treaty shall be objected to by either of the high contracting parties, shall be considered as suspended in its operation until the discussion concerning that stipulation shall be terminated, due notice being previously given to the other contracting party of the intended suspension of such stipulation, for the purpose of avoiding mutual inconvenience. ART. 31. The several stipulations and conditions of the present treaty shall begin to have effect from the date of his Britannic Majesty's ratification thereof; and the mutual exchange of ratification shall take place in the city of London, within the space of four months, or sooner if possible, to be computed from the day of the signature of the present treaty. In witness whereof, we the undersigned Plenipotentiaries of |