rum is a dangerous thing, by taking it away from them, and giving it to the officers; nor that, that temperance is their friend, which takes from them what they have always had, and gives them nothing in the place of it. By seeing it allowed to their officers, they will not be convinced that it is taken from them for their good; and by receiving nothing in its place, they will not believe that it is done in kindness. On the contrary, many of them look upon the change as a new instrument of tyranny. Not that they prefer rum. I never knew a sailor in my life, who would not prefer a pot of hot coffee, or chocolate, in a cold night, to all the rum afloat. They all say that rum only warms them for a time; yet, if they can get nothing better, they will miss what they have lost. The momentary warmth and glow from drinking it; the break and change which is made in a long dreary watch, by the mere calling all hands aft, and serving of it out: and the simply having some event to look forward to, and to talk about, give it an importance and a use which no one can appreciate who has not stood his watch before the mast. On my passage round Cape Horn before, the vessel that I was in was not under temperance articles, and grog was served out every middle and morning watch, and after every reefing of top-sails; and though I had never drank rum before, and never intend to again, I took my allowance then at the capstan, as the rest did, merely for the momentary warmth it gave the system, and the change in our feelings and aspect of our duties on the watch. At the same time, as I have stated, there was not a man on board who would not have pitched the rum to the dogs, (I have heard them say so a dozen times) for a pot of coffee, or chocolate; or even for our common beverage-" water bewitched, and tea begrudged," as it was. The temperance reform is the best thing that ever was undertaken for the sailor; but when the grog is taken from him, he ought to have something in its place. As it is now in most vessels, it is a mere saving to the owners, and this accounts for the sudden increase of temperance ships, which surprised even the best friends of the cause. If every merchant, when he struck grog from the list of the expences of his ship, had been obliged to substitute as much coffee or chocolate, as would give each man a pot-full when he came off the top-sail yard, on a stormy night,-I fear Jack might have gone to ruin on the old road.

But this is not doubling Cape Horn. Eight hours of the night, our watch was on deck, and during the whole of that time we kept a bright look-out: one man on each bow, another in the bunt of the fore yard, the third mate on the scuttle, one on each quarter, and a man always standing by the wheel. The chief mate was everywhere, and

• The proportions of the ingredients of the tea that was made for us, (and ours, as I have before stated, was a favourable specimen of American merchantmen), were, a pint of tea, and a pint and a half of molasses, to about three gallons of water. These are all boiled down together in the "coppers," and before serving it out, the mess is stirred up with a stick, so as to give each man his fair share of sweetening and tea-leaves. The tea for the cabin is, of course, made in the usual way, in a tea-pot, and drank with sugar.

commanded the ship when the captain was below. When a large piece of ice was seen in our way, or drifting near us, the word was passed along, and the ship's head turned one way and another; and sometimes the yards squared or braced up. There was little else to do than to look out; and we had the sharpest eyes in the ship on the forecastle. The only variety was the monotonous voice of the look-out forward-"Another island!"-" Ice ahead!"-" Ice on the lee bow!" -"Hard up the helm !"-" Keep her off a little !"-" Stead-y!"

In the mean time, the wet and cold had brought my face into such a state that I could neither eat nor sleep; and though I stood it out all night, yet, when it became light, I was in such a state that all hands told me I must go below, and lie-by for a day or two, or I should be laid up for a long time, and perhaps have the lock-jaw. When the watch was changed I went into the steerage, and took off my hat and comforter, and showed my face to the mate, who told me to go below at once, and stay in my berth until the swelling went down, and gave the cook orders to make a poultice for me, and said he would speak to the captain.

At

I went below and turned-in, covering myself over with blankets and jackets, and lay in my berth nearly twenty-four hours, half asleep and half awake, stupid from the dull pain. I heard the watch called, and the men going up and down, and sometimes a noise on deck, and a cry of "ice," but I gave little attention to anything. At the end of twenty-four hours the pain went down, and I had a long sleep, which brought me back to my proper state; yet my face was so swollen and tender that I was obliged to keep my berth for two or three days longer. During the two days I had been below, the weather was much the same that it had been,-head winds, and snow, and rain; or, if the wind came fair, too foggy, and the ice too thick, to run. the end of the third day, the ice was very thick; a complete fog-bank covered the ship. It blew a tremendous gale from the eastward, with sleet and snow, and there was every promise of a dangerous and fatiguing night. At dark, the captain called all hands aft, and told them, that not a man was to leave the deck that night; that the ship was in the greatest danger; any cake of ice might knock a hole in her, or she might run on an island and go to pieces. No one could tell whether she would be a ship the next morning. The look-outs were then set, and every man was put in his station. When I heard what was the state of things, I began to put on my clothes to stand it out with the rest of them; when the mate came below, and looking at my face, ordered me back to my berth, saying, that if we went down, we should all go down together, but if I went on deck I might lay myself up for life. This was the first word I had heard from aft, for the captain had done nothing, nor inquired how I was, since I went below.

In obedience to the mate's orders, I went back to my berth; but a more miserable night I never wish to spend. I never felt the curse of sickness so keenly in my life. If I could only have been on deck with the rest, where something was to be done, and seen, and heard ; where there were fellow-beings for companions in duty and danger :

but to be cooped up alone in a black hole, in equal danger, but without the power to do, was the hardest trial. Several times in the course of the night I got up, determined to go on deck; but the silence, which showed that there was nothing doing, and the knowledge that I might make myself seriously ill for nothing, kept me back. It was not easy to sleep, lying as I did with my head directly against the bows, which might be dashed in by an island of ice, brought down by the very next sea that struck her. This was the only time I had been ill since I left Boston, and it was the worst time it could have happened. I felt almost willing to bear the plagues of Egypt for the rest of the voyage, if I could but be well and strong for that one night. Yet it was a dreadful night for those on deck. A watch of eighteen hours, with wet, and cold, and constant anxiety, nearly wore them out; and when they came below, at nine o'clock, for breakfast, they almost dropped asleep on their chests, and some of them were so stiff that they could with difficulty sit down. Not a drop of anything had been given them during the whole time, (though the captain, as on the night that I was on deck, had his coffee every four hours), except that the mate stole a pot-full of coffee for two men to drink behind the galley, while he kept a look out for the captain. Every man had his station, and was not allowed to leave it; and nothing happened to break the monotony of the night, except once setting the main top-sails to run clear of a large island to leeward, which they were drifting fast upon. Some of the boys got so sleepy and stupified, that they actually fell asleep at their posts; and the young third mate, whose station was the exposed one of standing on the fore-scuttle, was so stiff, when he was relieved, that he could not bend his knees to get down. By a constant look-out, and a quick shifting of the helm, as the islands and pieces came in sight, the ship went clear of everything but a few small pieces, though daylight showed the ocean covered for miles. At daybreak it fell a dead calm, and, with the sun, the fog cleared a little, and a breeze sprung up from the westward, which soon grew into a gale.

THE PHENOMENON OF SLEEP.

This is one of the most remarkable functions of life, and, as one of the phenomena of our nature, baffles alike the medical and the metaphysical enquirer. ،، What more singular, than that nearly a third part of existence should be passed in a state thus far separate from the external world!a state in which consciousness and sense of identity are scarcely maintained; where memory and reason are equally disturbed; and yet, with all this, where the fancy works variously and boldly, creating images and impressions which are carried forwards into waking life, and blend themselves deeply and strongly with every part of our mental existence.”

"Half our days we pass in the shadow of the earth, and the brother of death extracteth a third part of our lives."

FRITZ HAZELL,—A TEMPERANCE TALE.

Continued from page 240.

In a few days the clothes were finished, and Gouge, the joiner, had sent home a small sea-chest. In the pleasure of this new acquisition, Fritz had already blunted, in some degree, the sensibility which the prospect of a separation had produced. Five hundred times already had he turned the key of his new chest; and when on the sabbath before his departure, he dressed himself for church, in his blue suit, and mounted his black ribband and new glazed hat, which shone under the bright sun of a May-day morning, like an election cake, the idea of a separation did not appear so very terrible as it had done three months before.

Sabbath evening, the last which the old man and little Fritz were to pass together, before his departure, was very profitably spent in giving him good counsel for his future way. "Dere ish no von so young as you," said the old man, “vat put his name to de temperance pook; I hope dere ish no von, ever so old, vat keep de pledge petter. Ven you gets to Amsterdam, pe sure to take de letter vat I put in de chest, to Van Scrompfen, Broders, and company, de first ting as you gets ashore. Any podies vill show yow you de varehouse,ven you shows dem de letter. Mind and take off your hat, my poy, so soon as you gets in de counting-room. Dere ish no fear put dey vill find you plenty of voyages. Dey vill make a man of you, Fritz, as dere faders afore 'em made a man of me. Van Scrompfen is de portly gentleman, mit de pig vig. All de Broders vears de vigs, put Van Scrompfen vear de piggest vig of 'em all. Don't be fear'd, if he look at you pretty sharp; dat ish his vay. Ven your fader and moder vere taken avay, dere vas a man, whom I never did see afore nor since, vat put in my hand two tollars, to pe laid out for you my chilt, as I might tink for your goot. He vas a kind-hearted sort of a pody; and he zay he vould come to see how you get on, put he never did. I have laid out de money in de pest vay I know how for your goot." So saying, he took from a drawer a new Bible, firmly bound, and with a pair of strong clasps. In the first page the old man had written with his own hand-"Fritz Hazell: The gift of an unknown friend." Dere," said he, "shtick to dat goot pook, and de God of de faderless vill never forsake you, my poy. Ven I vas eighteen year old, I vas first mate of a fine ship. In five or six year, I hope to see you come home de mate of a vessel of four hunder ton. Till dat time, I vants you to sail in de employ of Van Scrompfen, Broders, and company. You will write me, venever you gets a goot chance. Now, my chilt, ve must pe up mit de lark; let us say de prayer, and

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Now

go to ped." Early the next morning they proceeded for the city. They arrived

at the very last hour; the Triton's topsails were already loosened to the wind, and the little fellow was scarcely put on board before her anchor was up, and she was standing down the harbour. The old man gave him a hearty shake by the hand. Neither trusted himself to utter a syllable to the other. Thus they parted-old Hazell to his solitary home; Fritz to seek his fortune upon the wilderness of

waters.

Captain Hazell confessed upon his return to the village, "dat it vas hard to part mit so goot a leetle poy." He had undoubtedly sacrificed his personal feelings to the boy's welfare and worldly prosperity.

On his return, the old gentleman devoted himself, with untiring diligence, to the advancement of the temperance reform. He succeeded in his efforts to procure a vote of the town, at the annual meeting, requesting the selectmen not to approbate any application for license to sell ardent spirit. The rum-drinking and rum-selling party poured upon his head the whole torrent of their impotent wrath, in their customary manner upon such occasions, by electing him a hogreeve. The old Dutchman was a practical philosopher. He perfectly understood, that an independent citizen, who opposes the will and pleasure of those who are viciously inclined, must expect their opposition, while he receives the approbation of the wise and the good. When he was told of his election he calmly remarked, " Very vell, dat ish all right; you pring me every man vat vote to make old Hazell de hogreeve, and I vill show you all de men vat trinks rum, and all de men vat makes it and sells it; dat is all. I am too busy mit de two legged prutes, vat gets drunk and vallows in de mire, to tink of dem vat goes on four." During the discussion at the townmeeting, Dr. Manna, upon the solicitation of a large proportion of his patients among the venders and partakers, offered a few well-balanced remarks, in which he admitted that temperance was "a good thing;' but that we should be cautious and discreet. He agreed that a drunkard was a public nuisance; but he thought a little now and then not only harmless, but beneficial to labouring men and others. He begged leave to say, that the Rev. Mr. Syllabub (who could not attend the meeting, as he was engaged at the funeral of farmer Drowthy, who had lately died of the liver complaint) had authorized him to express his opinion that the friends of temperance were going too fast and too far." Colonel Noman, who, in a fit of intoxication a few weeks before, had knocked out his wife's front teeth with a leg of mutton, rose and seconded the motion. The moderator informed him that the motion had been seconded already by a friend of temperance. "Well, then," said Colonel Noman, "I don't wan't to second no such thing; I meant to say I approved what the doctor said; and I don't doubt, sir, there's nine out of ten of the gentlemen present what's of my mind. No true American, what's got the giniwine spirit in him, will ever submit to have his liberties taken away in this here manner." Lawyer Grippit made a short speech admirably adapted to offend neither party.

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After a short pause, Captain Hazell rose; and the remembrance of