On the Classification and Geographical Distribution of the Mammalia: Being the Lecture on Sir Robert Reade's Foundation, Delivered Before the University of Cambridge in the Senate House, May 10, 1859. To which is Added an Appendix "On the Gorilla" and "On the Extinction and Transmutation of Species"John W. Parker and Son, 1859 - 103페이지 |
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37 페이지
... trees for food . One species now finds the conditions of its existence in the rich forests of tropical Asia ; a second species in those of tropical Africa . Why , we may ask , should not a third be living at the expense of the still ...
... trees for food . One species now finds the conditions of its existence in the rich forests of tropical Asia ; a second species in those of tropical Africa . Why , we may ask , should not a third be living at the expense of the still ...
48 페이지
... trees and the production of certain fruits . With all our care , in regard to choice of food , clothing , and contri- vances for artificially maintaining the chief physical condi- tions of their existence , the healthiest specimens of ...
... trees and the production of certain fruits . With all our care , in regard to choice of food , clothing , and contri- vances for artificially maintaining the chief physical condi- tions of their existence , the healthiest specimens of ...
66 페이지
... trees , than one that is to walk habitually erect upon the surface of the ground . But that adaptation of the skeleton is still more strikingly shown in the unusual development of the upper prehensile extremities . The scapula is broad ...
... trees , than one that is to walk habitually erect upon the surface of the ground . But that adaptation of the skeleton is still more strikingly shown in the unusual development of the upper prehensile extremities . The scapula is broad ...
67 페이지
... trees , and to move freely in many directions , is free from that ligament which strengthens the hip - joint in man ; the head of the femur in the orang is quite smooth , without any indication of that attach- ment . Here , again , the ...
... trees , and to move freely in many directions , is free from that ligament which strengthens the hip - joint in man ; the head of the femur in the orang is quite smooth , without any indication of that attach- ment . Here , again , the ...
74 페이지
... tree , occasioning the hair to be more or less rubbed off : the epithelium was here very thick and tough . It is most probable , from the degree of admixture of different coloured hairs above described , that a living gorilla seen in ...
... tree , occasioning the hair to be more or less rubbed off : the epithelium was here very thick and tough . It is most probable , from the degree of admixture of different coloured hairs above described , that a living gorilla seen in ...
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affinity Africa Anatomy animal anthropoid apes Aristotle Artiodactyles bony brain Bruta called canines Carnivora cerebral Cetacea Cheiroptera chimpanzee class Mammalia compared cranial cranium Cuvier deciduous degree dental characters dentition digits distinct Dryopithecus edentulous elephant existence extinct foot fore fossil Front teeth Gaboon genera genus gibbons gorilla hair hallux hind Hippopotamus Homo hoofed human species humerus Hylobates incisors Insectivora length less Linnæus LISSENCEPHALA lobes lower jaw lumbar LYENCEPHALA male mammæ Mammalia Mammalian class Mammals marsupial Marsupialia maxillary miocene modifications molars monkeys muscles muscular natural naturalists nearer negro occipital orangs and chimpanzees organs osteological panzee peculiar pelvis Perissodactyles Pithecus placenta plantigrade premaxillary premolars present proportion Quadrumana quadrupeds races regard relative ribs ridge Rodentia Ruminants shew siamang Simia skeleton skull Sloths smaller strata structure subclass tailless tertiary thumb tion toes tooth tree Troglodytes Troglodytes gorilla true molars trunk unguiculate UNGULATA Ungulates upper vertebræ young zoological Zootoka
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56 페이지 - ... species has to maintain against the surrounding agencies that are ever tending to dissolve the vital bond and subjugate the living matter to the ordinary chemical and physical forces.
49 페이지 - I have already argued, his psychological powers, in association with his extraordinarily developed brain, entitle the group which he represents to equivalent rank with the other primary divisions of the class Mammalia founded on cerebral characters. In this primary group Man forms but one genus, Homo, and that genus but one order, called BIMANA, on account of the opposable thumb being restricted to the upper pair of limbs. The...
26 페이지 - The superficial grey matter of the cerebrum, through the number and depth of the convolutions, attains its maximum of extent in Man. Peculiar mental powers are associated with this highest form of brain, and their consequences wonderfully illustrate the value of the cerebral character...
60 페이지 - Vertebrata, but the sum of the animal species at each successive geological period has been distinct and peculiar to such period. Not that the extinction of such forms or species was sudden or simultaneous: the evidences so interpreted have been but local Over the wider field of life at any given epoch, the change has been gradual ; and, as it would seem, obedient to some general, continuously operative, but as yet, ill-comprehended, law.
60 페이지 - Organic remains, traced from their earliest known graves, are succeeded, one series by another, to the present period, and never re-appear when once lost sight of in the ascending search. As well might we expect a living Ichthyosaur in the Pacific, as a fossil whale in the Lias : the rule governs as strongly in the retrospect as the prospect. A nd not only as respects the Vertebrata, but the sum of the animal species at each successive geological period has been distinct and peculiar to such period.
17 페이지 - Mammalia ; and the homologous teeth are determined, like other parts, by their relative position, by their connexions, and by their development. Those teeth which are implanted in the premaxillary bones, and in the corresponding part of the lower jaw, are called 'incisors,' whatever be their shape or size. The tooth in the maxillary bone, which is situated at or near to the suture with the premaxillary, is the
60 페이지 - In regard to animal life, and its assigned work on this planet, there has, however, plainly been an ascent and progress in the main. " Although the Mammalia, in regard to the plenary development of the characteristic orders, belong to the Tertiary division of geological time, just as ' Echini are most common in the superior strata; Ammonites in those beneath, and Product!
41 페이지 - The molars, nearly always six in number on each side of the upper and lower jaws, have their crown marked with two double crescents, the convexity of which is turned inwards in the upper and outwards in the lower teeth.
55 페이지 - ... the degree of incongruity between the generic forms of the mammalia which then existed in Europe, and any that actually exist on the great natural continent of which Europe now forms part. It would seem, indeed, that the further we penetrate into time for the recovery of extinct mammalia, the further we must go into space to find their existing analogues.