Chisholm v. Georgia, 746.
Chrétian, G. L., portrait by, 814.
Christy, H. C., commemorative paintings,

591, 592, 596, 597, 638.
Cicero, on law, 741.
Cincinnati, Society of the, address of Rhode

Island, 491.
Circuit courts, provision for, 356, 358, 362;

first term, 372; charges to grand juries,
430; political value of circuit riding, 431;

North Carolina certiorari incident, 463.
Cities, development, maps, 111, 114, 115,

119.
Citizenship, interstate rights, 36; privileges,

protection, 36, 42, 551, 559; regulation, 44,

560; basis, 158.
Civil rights, and Thirteenth Amendment,

44; Magna Carta, 515; natural law, 741,

742. See also Bill of Rights.
Civil trial, regulation, 42, 136, 558. See also

Jury.
Civil War, effect, 117, 700; structural reason,

749.
Claims, basis of territorial, 5, 6; interstate,

537, 550, 551.
Clark, Abraham, candidacy, 178,

178, 179;
Independence, 532; portrait, sketch, 788.
Clark, John, penmanship, 765.
Clarke, J. H., service, 758.
Clay, Henry, manuscript

of

865

on

House; Powers; Representation; Salaries;

Senate.
Conkling, Roscoe, service, 757.
Connecticut, ratification, 25, 60, 125, 652;

election act, 170; senators, 170; election of
representatives, 170; electors, vote, 171,
215, 216; oath, 249, 433, 434; second con-
vention, 285; and amendments, 327; Penn-
sylvania case, 350; state-nation pluralism,
439; cessation of imposts, 446; lighthouse
cession, 452; Constitution and state laws,
454; pensions, 456; copper coinage, 456;
secret sessions of Senate, 459; requirement
on senators, 465; Rhode Island, 483, 485;

Signers, 532, 539, 553; broadsides, 605.
Connecticut Compromise, 21, 123.
Constitution, meaning of term, 126.
Constitution of United States, beginning of

operation, 27, 125, 220–223, 556; national
development under, 110–120, 669; au-
thors, 123; engrosser, 123, 761-769; words,
reading time, 124; as rigid, 127; Glad-
stone's statement, 127, 723; philosophy,
127; origins, 127; as model, 128; history
and appearance of original, 541, 626;
literal text, 541-552; Washington
preservation and obedience, 567, 568; fac-
simile, 590, 593, 596; liberal interpretation,
basic character, 633-637, 643; sacredness,
640, 665; experience and alteration, 641;
as milestone, 663; origin and security,
740-742; validity, 742. See also next
193;

on

144-146, 556, 652; delegates in Conven-
tion, 122; news of ratification, 143; secrecy,
148; last sessions, place, 224; foreign office,
329; judiciary under, 347–349; social posi-
tion of president, 410, 420; broadsides, 611;
character, 650. See also Confederation;

Seat of government.
Contracts obligation, 33, 547.
Conway, Richard, Washington's debt, 259.
Coolidge, Calvin, Constitution Shrine, 622;

on local self-government, 732.
Copley, J. S., portraits by, 776, 778, 780, 786,

788, 794, 796, 819, 826.
Copyright, 32, 546.
Corbin, Francis, candidacy,

Draft, and Thirteenth Amendment, 44.
Duane, James, ratification, 27; elections,

candidacy, 174, 175; Federal Hall, 223,
225; inauguration, 276; district judge, first
terms, 369; presidential dinner, 372; first
circuit court, 372; refusal of nonjudicial
duties, 430; state-nation pluralism 439;
Confederation, 539; portraits, sketches,

782, 784.
Duane, Mrs. James, portrait, sketch, 780.
Due process of law, requirement, 42, 44, 136,

557, 559.
Duer, William, vice presidency, 211; Con-

federation, 539.
Dupont, Mrs. Eugene, portrait committee,

774.
Durand, A. B., portrait by, 786.
Duties, duration of first act, 238; Senate

amendments, 256; proposed amendments
on power, 295; state acts, 446; cessation
of state: in New England, 446, 447; in
middle states, 447; in South, 448, 449;
interregnum, 450; state excise, 450; state
inspection, 450; state tonnage, 450; state
sick seamen levies, 450; on goods from out-
side states, effect, 474-478; Rhode Island,
485, 487, 488; power to levy, 545; restric-

tion on states, 547. See also Tonnage.
Dutton, Joseph, Mt. Vernon exercises, 619.
Duvall, Gabriel, services, 755.
Dwight, Timothy, on election tactics, 166;

letter to, 304.

Elizabethtown, N. J., reception of Washing-

ton, 271.
Ellery, William, Independence, 532; Con-

federation, 539.
Ellsworth, Oliver, in Convention, 17, 123;

senator, service, 170, 236; attends, 229;
enactment style, 249; amendments, 315;
Court of Appeals resolve, 349; judiciary
in Convention, 351, judiciary bill, 353,
354, 357, 358, 362, 481; titles, 375; power
of removal, 387; state-nation pluralism,
439; state instructions, 460; Rhode Island,
494; messenger, 670; judicial service, 754;

portraits, sketches, 799, 812.
Elmer, Jonathan, senator, 177; on New Jer-

sey elections, 178; attends, 200.
Emancipation Proclamation, 44.
Embargo, Rhode Island measure, 485.
Eminent domain, regulation, 42, 136, 557.
England, government, 29, 739, 740, 742.
Engrosser of the Constitution, 123, 761-769.
Enrolment of bills, joint committee, 245.
Equality under law, 44, 559.
Equity, in judiciary bill, 356, 357.
Estonia, high court, 760.
Europe, and American territory, 575–577.
Evarts, W. M., on interstate commerce, 634.
Ex post facto laws, prohibition, 33, 136, 546,

547.
Exchange, New York, Supreme Court, 369;

view, 716.
Excise, state, 450, 458; national, 545.
Executive departments, development of

Cabinet, status, 23, 131, 423-425; estab-
lishment, precedence, 131, 135, 549; and
Congress, 130, 339, 340, 394; under old
government 329-332; in Constitutional
Convention, 332; preliminary House dis-
cussion, 333-335; salaries, 341, 636; ad
interim, 409; information for Washington,
423. See also Attorney general; Postoffice;

State; Treasury; War.
Expenditures, legal appropriation, 547, pub-

lic statements, 547.
Export tax, prohibition, 33, 547.
Extradition, 36, 551.

Ear), James, portrait by, 775.
Earl, Ralph, portraits by, 776, 780, 802.
Earle, G. H., portrait committee, 774.
East Florida, proposed occupation, 575.
Eaton, C. A., Congress sesquicentennial, 656.
Economic conditions, changes since 1789,

112-120.
Ecuador, commemorative stamps, 614; high

court, 759.
Edenton, N. C., shipping, 476.
Edenton State Gazette, on ratification, 480.
Education, development, 113, 115; Constitu-

tion and, 128; Washington on, 570.
Egypt, high court, 759.
Eighteenth Amendment, 45, 561; repeal, 47,

67, 137, 562; date of ratification, 66; as

statute, 137.
Eighth Amendment, 42, 136, 558; date of

ratification, 62.
Election, congressional, to Senate, 45, 543,

561; control over, 174, 295, 312, 544; to

House, 542. See also Election.
Election of President, plans, method, amend-

ment, 23, 43, 46, 132, 547, 548, 558;
changes in electoral votes, maps, 111, 114,

119. See also Presidency.
Elections, problems of first, 157-159; absen-

tee voting, 182; broadsides, 603-611; im-
portance in democracy, 681. See also pre-

ceding titles; states by name.
Eleventh Amendment, 43, 558; date of

ratification, 63; origin, 747.
Eliot, John, letters to, 196, 208.

Faction, Washington's warning, 568.
Falls of the Delaware, capital, 146.
Farewell Address, words, reading time, 124;

history of manuscript, 563; literal text,

563-574.
Faw, Abraham, candidacy, 189.
Federal Hall, reconstruction, 223, 224; cost

payment, 225, 226; later uses, 226; L'En-
fant's pay, 227; description, 228; audience

chamber, 229, 246; view, 658.
Federal system, symmetry, popular power,

47, 48. See also States; Union.
Federalist, 26; on judiciary, 352; on power

of removal, 383.
Federalists, term, 124.
Feke, Robert, portraits by, 804, 808.
Fenner, Arthur, letter to, 498; proclama-

tion, 605.

Fenno, John. See Gazette of the l'nited

States.
Few, William, portraits, sketches, 59, 797,

816; seat of government, 147, senator,
197; attends, 229; judiciary bill, 353;
diplomatic offices, 401; signs Constitution,

553.
Field, Robert, portraits by, 792, 800, 820.
Field, S. J., service, 756.
Fielding, Mantle, portrait committee, 774.
Fifteenth Amendment, 44, 560; date of ratifi-

fication, 65.
Fifth Amendment, 42, 136, 557; date of

ratification, 62.
Finances, state accounts, 409, 473; readjust-
ment of state, 455, 456. See also Debts;
Expenditures; Revenue; Taxation; Treas-

ury.
Findley, Williams, elections, candidacy, 180-

182; broadside, 609.
Fines, excessive, 42, 136, 558.
Finland, high court, 760.
Fireworks, inauguration, 272, 279.
First Amendment, 41, 557; date of ratifica-

tion, 62.
Fishbourn, Benjamin, rejection by Senate,

396; letter to, 397.
Fitzpatrick, J. C., on engrosser of the Con-

stitution, 761.
FitzSimons, Thomas, sketch, 53; elections,

candidacy, 181, 183; representative, 235;
amendments, 306; executive departments,

335, 339; signs Constitution, 553.
Florida, admission, 60; proposed occupation,

575.
Floyd, Catharine, portrait, sketch, 794.
Floyd, William, Independence, 532; por-

traits, sketches, 794, 802.
Floyd, Mrs. William, portrait, sketch, 794.
Fonda, Jellis, elections, 174.
Foreign relations, under Continental Con-

gress, 12, 329; presidential control, 132,
399, 549; bill for department, Depart-
ment of State, 335–338; isolation, 335,
571, 572, 629; ad interim office, 409;
hemispheric basis, Monroe Doctrine, 575–
577; Washington's advice, 570-573; Eu-
ropean-held American territory, 575. See

also Diplomatic offices.
Forrest, Marie M., Staff, 588.
Forrest, Uriah, candidacy, 188.
Fortescue, Sir John, on natural law, 742.
Foster, Abiel, representative, 160, 230.
Foster, Theodore, diplomatic offices, 401;

senator, 498.
Fourteenth Amendment, 44, 136, 559; date

of ratification, 65.
Fourth Amendment, 42, 557; date of ratifi-

cation, 62.
Fourth of July, presidential reception, 418.
Fox, D. R., portrait committee, 774.
France, mission, 400, 401; commemorative

stamp, 614; high court, 760.
Frankfurter, Felix, portrait, 717; Supreme

Court sesquicentennial, 718; service, 758.

Franklin, Benjamin, Albany Plan, 8; Con-

vention, 16, 17, 122, 623; ratification, 25;
portraits, sketches, 52, 791, 802, 808, 810;
vice presidency, 205; on delay of Congress,
231; on amendments, 292; postoffice, 332;
prize cases, 348; on Adams, 378; Inde-
pendence, 529, 532; signs Constitution,

553; study for statue, 810.
Franklin, Deborah, portrait, sketch, 808.
Franklin, Walter, house, 263.
Fraser, Charles, portraits by, 790, 796, 798,

823.
Fraser, J. E., Washington statue, 710, 711.
Freeman, J. E., Mt. Vernon exercises, 619,

621.
Frelinghuysen, J. S., portrait committee, 774.
French and Indian War, political effect, 7.
Froyd, Margaret, staff, 588.
Fugitive slaves, rendition, 551.
Fuller, Abraham, oath, 434.
Fuller, M. W., service, 754.
Gadsden, Christopher, elector, 218.
Gale, E. W., cartoons, 832, 853.
Gale, George, candidacy, 188.
Gallatin, Albert, senatorship, 241; amend-

ments, 281.
Gardoqui, Diego, reception of Washington,

273; inauguration, 276; illumination, 279.
Garfield, H. A., Commission, v.
Garner, J. N., Commission, v; portrait,

sketch, 657; Congress sesquicentennial,

661, 662, 667, 672, 677, 683.
Gazette of the United States, on Treasury

appointments, 345; use of titles, 377; on
power of removal, 391; on social regula-

tions, 412.
George VI of Great Britain, visit, 614, 615.
Georgetown, D. C., reception of Washington,

268.
Georgia, settlement, 6; ratification, 25, 60,

125, 652; elections, 196; electoral vote,
216-218; amendments, 328; South Caro-
lina case, 350; state-nation pluralism,
438; cessation of imposts, 449; tonnage
tax, 450; lighthouse cession, 453; new
constitution, 454; paper money, 457;
militia law, 457; instruction of senators,
460; Signers, 532, 540, 553; and Supreme

Court, 746, 747.
Germans, Pennsylvania election, 184.
Gerry, Elbridge, Convention, 17, 124; ratifi-

cation, 25; candidacy, 165; service, 236;
oath, 249; amendments, 301, 303, 308–310,
312; congressional timidity, 303; standing
army, 310; executive departments, 334,
335; judiciary, 351; power of removal, 383,
385; letter to, 452; Independence, 532;
Confederation, 539; declarings acts void,

746; portrait, sketch, 809, 820.
Gerry, James, portrait, sketch, 804.
Gerry, T. R., portrait, sketch, 804.
Gibbons, Mrs. J. H., portrait committee,

774.
Gibbs, Shirley, staff, 588.