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by either government. The correction due from corresponding observations cannot be foretold, but is small, and as likely to be to the advantage of one as the other.

The monuments erected on the line were of two classes-first, of dressed stone, laid without mortar; second, of round stones undressed, forming simply mounds.

Of the first, one was erected at the point south of the Carrizalillo; another at the intersection of meridian 108° 09′ 41′′.85 and parallel 31° 20′; one at San Luis springs; two at San Bernardino; one at San Pedro; one north of Santa Cruz; one where the line crosses (second time) Santa Cruz river; one at Los Nogales; and one at intersection of 111° and 31° 20'. Many mounds of the second class were erected, always at points where the line crosses a road or trail. Mr. Salazar stated that he had erected, of dressed stone, in a permanent and durable manner, a monument at the initial point on the Rio Bravo, and two monuments west of that point. To give the Mexican commissioner time to make a thorough and critical examination of the data upon which the determinations are based, and to inspect the maps and take copies of such portions of them as he might desire, they were placed in his hands, and the commission adjourned, to meet in El Paso at 10 o'clock on the 16th.

W. H. EMORY, U. S. Comm'r.

JOSÉ SALAZAR Y LARREGUI, Com'o Mex'o.
EL PASO, August 16, 1855.

The commission met, agreeably to adjournment. Mr. Salazar, the Mexican commissioner, stated he had fully examined all the documents, observations, notes, and maps, and the result of his examination was an entire conviction that the line had been run correctly throughout, including those parts during the running of which he was necessarily absent. But since the subject had been called to his notice by Mr. Emory, the U. S. commissioner, to the effect that, in consequence of the absence of water at the time, only a mound had been established at the junction of the meridian and parallel of 31° 47′, he thought, now that the rainy season had commenced, and water was everywhere to be found, a monument of dressed stone should be erected at that point; and he stated he would himself undertake to place it at that point. He stated, also, in consequence of the absence of water he had not been able to place a monument, as he had intended to do, to the south of the Potrillo mountains, on the parallel of 31° 47', and that he would do both at the same time.

Mr. Emory, the American commissioner, stated his assent to this proposition, and further stated, that although he believed he had erected monuments or mounds along the whole line wherever the line crossed or passed near permanent water, a road, a mine, or town, or, in fact, any habitable point, yet he desired Mr. Salazar, if, in the course of his visitation of those parts of the line not before examined by him he should see any point omitted where a monument should be placed or substituted for a mound, not to hesitate to do so.

Mr. Emory said he would now state what he had informally stated before, that he had directed Lieut. Michler to send him an express to San Antonio the moment Señor Jimenez and himself finished the topography of the line between the 111th meridian and the Colorado.

The examination of the notes, maps, &c., being completed, and all discussion of the different subjects connected with the line being closed, the results of the foregoing conferences were embodied in the following articles of agreement:

1. Mr. Emory, the American commissioner, agrees to adopt, unconditionally, all monuments, mounds, lines, and points now established by Mr. Salazar, the Mexican commissioner, and by Don Francisco Jimenez, first engineer of the Mexican commission.

2. Mr. Salazar, the Mexican commissioner, agrees to adopt unconditionally all the monuments, mounds, lines, and points now established by Mr. Emory, the American commissioner, and by his assistants, reserving the right to substitute a monument for a mound at the intersection of the meridian with the parallel of 31° 47', and to erect a mound or monument on the same parallel to the south of the Potrillo, and at any point along the line already established where it may appear to him necessary, and where heretofore it was impracticable, owing to the absence of water.

3. The two commissioners agree to declare, and do declare, the line surveyed, marked, and established as far as the 111th meridian of longitude, as the true line of boundary between the two republics, and they agree also to declare, and do declare, the line established from the 111th to its intersection with the Colorado, the true line between the two republics. They further agree to declare the line fully surveyed, marked, and established through its whole extent as soon as notification is received from Señor Jimenez and Lieutenant Michler that the topography of the last named line is completed between the 111th meridian and the Colorado river, and it shall be the duty of each to inform the other when such notification is received, and also to report to their respective governments that all the field-work of the boundary is concluded.

4. To carry out the stipulations in the first article of the treaty of December 30th, 1853, requiring the commissioners to make proper plans of their operations. It is agreed that the two commissioners, with their assistants, shall meet in the city of Washington on the first day of April, 1856.

W. H. EMORY, U. S. Commissioner.

JOSÉ SALAZAR Y LARREGUI, Comm'o Mex'a.

There being no further business before the commission, it adjourned, to meet in Washington, April 1, 1856.

W. H. EMORY, U. S. Commissioner.

JOSÉ SALAZAR Y LARREGUI, Comm'o Mex'a.

AGREEMENT BETWEEN LIEUTENANT MICHLER AND SEÑOR JIMENEZ, REFERRED TO AT THE MEETING OF THE JOINT COMMISSION, AUGUST 14, MADE AT CAMP NEAR THE INITIAL POINT ON THE RIO COLORADO, ON THE TWENTY-SIXTH OF APRIL, 1855.

According to article first of the treaty of December 30, 1853, between the republics of the United States and Mexico, we, the undersigned, duly authorized to fix the initial point on the Rio Colorado, twenty English miles below the junction of this river with the Gila, and to trace and mark the line from this point to the intersection of the parallel of 31° 20′ north latitude, with the 111th meridian of longitude west from Greenwich-all the operations necessary to determine this point and the direction of the line having been completed-agree as follows:

1. That the latitude of said initial point, by a mean of the results obtained by each party, is 32° 29′ 44′′.45 north, and that the longitude is 114° 48′ 44′′.53 west from Greenwich, determined from a triangulation by N. Michler, lieutenant Topographical Engineers, United States army, who has transferred the position of the monument on the old boundary line near the juncVol. I-5

tion to the new initial point. This longitude has been adopted by Mr. Francisco Jimenez, first engineer Mexican boundary commission, although he proposed to refer it by flashes between the two points.*

2. That with the above data the computed azimuth of the line running eastward is found to be 71° 20′ 43′′.8 southeast at the initial point, and 69° 19′ 45′′.9 northwest at the end of the line, and the distance between the two points is 382,844.87 metres, equal to 237.63565 English miles. Having commenced to trace said line on the bank of the river, distant from the initial point 964.62 metres, equal to 3,164.84 English feet, the azimuth at this point, newly computed, was found to be 71° 20′ 25′′ southeast.

3. That the line be traced by both parties at the same time, each alternating with the other at the successive stations; that the distance of the line be measured by triangulation, one party operating from the initial point to the environs of Sonoyta, the other thence to the termination of the line; and that the results be mutually exchanged.

4. That at all prominent points of the line which are deemed proper, suitable monuments, from such materials as are at hand, be erected to mark it.

5. That the point where the line has commenced to be traced be called by the Roman number (1;) that all succeeding stations shall be in the order (II,) (III,) (IV,) &c., &c.

6. That as it is impossible to place a permanent monument at the starting point (I) of the line, an iron monument has been placed at station (II) in the direction of the line, and distant from station (I) 3171.12 metres, equal to 10404.12 English feet; computed latitude of said. monument, 32° 29′ 01′′.48 north, and longitude 114° 46′ 14′′.43 west of Greenwich.

7. That the above be submitted to the consideration of the commissioners of the respective countries for their approval.

N. MICHLER, Lieut. Topl. Engrs. U. S. A.,

U. S. Boundary Commission. FRANCISCO JIMENEZ,

1st Ingo. de la Com. del Limite Mex'o.

After having signed the above agreement the tracing of the line was continued, in accordance with the same, from station II to station III, a distance of 829.81 metres. From station III a party was sent to a point of the mountain range, about twenty-five miles distant, to endeavor to establish station IV. This party having made a reconnoissance of the country for the purpose of finding water, was unsuccessful in discovering sufficient for the wants of even the small number of men necessary to execute the work; the nature of the country forbid the practicability of furnishing by any means of transportation what was deemed necessary, as it is a continuous desert of heavy sand, entirely destitute of vegetation. A party previously sent to reconnoitre the country for water also brought the intelligence that not a drop was to be had from the Colorado to Quitobaquita, a distance of one hundred and twenty-five miles in the direction of the line. In consequence, therefore, of the utter impracticability of prosecuting the work from the west end of the line, we, the undersigned, on this the first day of May, 1855, agree to add the following article to the above agreement:

8. That both parties cease operations at the west end and proceed to the east end of the line, by the road along the Gila, the only one available at this season of the year, there to fix the

* NOTE. ----Captain Jimenez subsequently caused the monument on the old boundary, and the new initial point on the Colorado, to be connected by triangulation, and obtained the same result as Lieutenant Michler.

point of intersection of the parallel of 31° 20′ north latitude with the 111th meridian west of Greenwich, and afterwards to proceed to trace the line from that point westward as far as practicable.

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SIR: I communicated to you, a few days ago, a telegraphic despatch reporting the completion of the survey of the boundary.

I have now the honor to inform you that I have received official information of the arrival of the last surveying party of the commission in San Antonio, and the completion of the work assigned to it.

I have also to communicate to you the copy of a letter from Señor Salazar, the Mexican commissioner, informing me of the complete fulfilment of the 3d article of the convention with him, signed August 16.

The field-work of the boundary commission is therefore at an end.
I have the honor to be, your obedient servant,

W. H. EMORY, U. S. Commissioner.

Hon. ROBERT MCCLELLAND, Secretary of the Interior.

[Translation.]

JANOS, October 15, 1855.

SIR Lieut. Michler has just delivered to me, personally, an official note, whereby I am informed that the survey of the line between the meridian of 111° and the Colorado has been completed.

This I have communicated to my government; and I advise you of the same, hoping that you will be pleased to communicate it to that of the United States, conformably to the resolution of article 3d of the convention held on the 16th of August of the present year.

I have the pleasure again to subscribe myself, with the greatest respect, your obedient servant,

Col. W. H. EMORY,

United States Commissioner.

JOSÉ SALAZAR Y LARREGUI,

Mexican Commissioner, &c., &c.

[Translation of official document sent by Mr. Salazar to the government of Mexico.]

EXCELLENT SIR: With my note under date of the 20th August, I enclosed to you copies of the last meeting held by the commissioner of the United States and myself on the 14th, 16th, and 20th of that month. By the 3d article of the agreement of the 16th, your excellency will have seen that we agreed on declaring, and do declare, in effect, that the line was completely surveyed, marked, and fixed in all its length, so soon as notice was received from Señor Jimenez and Lieut. Michler that the topography of the last-mentioned line had been completed between

the 111th meridian and the Colorado; and the same 3d article imposes upon us the mutual obligation to advise each other, and our respective governments, that all the field-work of the line was concluded.

In complying with the 3d article of this convention, celebrated on the 16th August, between the American commissioner (Major W. H. Emory) and myself, I now notify your excellency that the topography of the line between the 111th meridian and the Colorado is now complete, by the acknowledgment of Messrs. Jimenez and Lieut. Michler, as your excellency will see by the original letter, which is herewith enclosed, and which was handed to me in person by Lieut. Michler, who to-day takes his departure for the United States; and Lieut. Michler also informed me that Señor Jimenez had started on the 1st instant for the city of Mexico, after they had, together, concluded and officially agreed upon the line which had been placed under their charge.

All the work, therefore, necessary for the surveying, marking, and establishing of the boundary line between Mexico and the United States, in conformity with the treaty of the 30th of December, 1853, is now terminated.

In carrying out still further the requirements of the said 3d article of the convention with the commissioner of the United States, I have to-day written him as follows:

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“SIR: Lieut. Michler has just handed to me, in person, an official note, by which I am informed that the topography of the line between the meridian 111° and the Colorado is completed, the which I have communicated to my government; and I advise you of the same; trusting that you will also communicate the fact to the United States, in conformity with the 3d article of the convention made between us the 16th August.

"With great respect, I have the honor to be, &c.,

"Sr. Don W. H. EMORY,

"Commissioner of the United States."

"JOSÉ SALAZAR Y LARREGUI.

And now, most excellent sir, the treaty indicates who should declare surveyed, marked, and established (or fixed) the boundary line, and gives to the commissioners ample powers; and thus no doubt can exist that the commissioners, and not the governments, can, and must, make this declaration. This was accordingly done by Major Emory and myself, as such commissioners, by our convention on the 16th of August, as shown by its terms, with the sole condition that it shall be valid whenever either of us received the advice which I have just communicated to your excellency and to the American commissioner. It now only remains for the government of the United States to fulfil its part of the obligations imposed by the 3d article of the treaty.

God and liberty. Janos, October 15, 1855.

JOSÉ SALAZAR Y LARREGUI.

His Excellency the MINISTER OF FOREIGN RELATIONS, Mexico.

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