2. The number of tons of the spaces between the tonnage and upper deck.

3. The number of tons of the closed-in spaces above the upper deck.

(b.) A sailing ship's net tonnage (register number of tons) is ascertained by deducting from the gross tonnage the number of tons of the space or spaces which are used for the lodging or requirements of the crew, or to navigate the ship, so far as they carry out the rules laid down for such deduction. In cases where no deduction can be allowed, the net tonnage of a ship is the same as her gross tonnage.

The net tonnage of a steamer is ascertained by deducting from the gross tonnage not only the number of tons of the space or spaces which are used for the lodging or the requirements of the crew, or for navigating the ship, as far as they carry out the rules laid down for such deduction, but also the number of tons of the space or spaces which are taken up by or are necessary for the propelling power.

(c.) The statement of measuring, added to the nationality and register certificate, shall contain information of the number of tons, and a description of each separately measured space, which has been included in the gross tonnage, as well as the number of tons, and the description of each separately measured space, which is deducted from this tonnage in the statement of net tonnage.

The measurement of the ship shall always be given in cubic metres, which are ascertained by multiplying the number of tons by the factor 2.83; whilst, on the other hand, the reduction of cubic metres to tons is done by multiplying the former by the factor 0.353.

(d.) If any space, the number of tons of which has been deducted in the gross tonnage, is found to be used for the lodging or requirements of passengers, or for the captain of the ship, or to carry freight, provisions, or necessaries for the ship, the captain of the said ship, or the proprietor, will be called upon to answer for it in accordance with the law of ship's measurement of the 13th of March, 1867. Sec. 23 (Comp. Sec. 16).

B.

The rules given in the instructions for the measuring of ships, of the 7th of September, 1867, Section V., respecting the measurement of spaces on the upper deck, which are to be measured and included, or deducted from the same, together with the regulations for the measuring of raised hatches, &c., as also the rules given in part b. of the circular, No. 5 of ship's measurement, of 18th of May, 1872, respecting the treatment of the so-called over or protection decks, are abolished, and in their place the following rules must be followed in every new measurement or re-measurement on and after 1st October, 1878.

C.

Spaces that are to be included in the gross tonnage :

All closed and fixed spaces (such as half-decks, cabins, poops, forecastles, hatches, or holds), on or over the upper deck, whether this is an ordinary deck or an over deck, as well as the space between the last-named deck and the main deck, shall be measured and included in the gross tonnage, if they cannot be brought under the category of spaces mentioned below in Section D.

Additions for buildings on the upper deck in the form of hatches, which are in connection with the holds, are only made when the total tonnage of such spaces or buildings exceeds—

p.c. of the rest of the ship's tonnage in a ship of over 100 tons.

In each case of this kind the addition is to be given according to

the excess number of tons.

(Note. The cubic contents of hatches is ascertained by multiplying their interior length, measured at half height and half the breadth; by their interior breadth, measured at half the height and half the length, and the product with the average of the greatest and least heights of the hatches, measured from the upper

part of the frame of the hatch, or from the upper surface of the hatch itself, if this does not lie on a level with the frame, to the upper surface of the deck. Other buildings are measured in the way described in Section V. of the instructions for the measuring of ships; upper decks, on the other hand, according to the mode of measurement detailed in Section II. of the method of measuring spaces in the middle deck.)

D.

Spaces which are not to be included in the gross tonnage:

The following spaces on or over the upper deck are exempted from measurement, and so are not taken into consideration in the question of the gross tonnage of a ship, namely :—

1. Spaces which are open on one or more sides, and which cannot be closed in so as to be employed for the carriage of any other goods than what can be taken on an ordinary open deck.

2. Detached descending hatches (cabin hatches), as well as skylights for cabins, or spaces, including crew, or machinery, which can neither be used for packing away provisions or goods, or can serve a fixed lodging for passengers or crew.

3. Machine spaces on the open deck, or in buildings which are not included in the gross tonnage, but are used for the passage of light and air, or as a protection for the engine-room.

4. Erections which are temporarily, and on short voyages put up to protect deck passengers, who otherwise would be exposed to the sea or the weather.

5. Passenger saloons (sleeping cabins not included) on the upper deck of coasting and river steamers, fitted up and exclusively intended for a shelter to passengers.

For necessary explanation, however, the number of tons of such a saloon should be separately entered on the certificate or statement of measurement with the express mention that it is not included in the gross tonnage. If any such saloon is built partly above and partly under the upper deck, only the part which is above the level of the deck can be exempted from the measurement or gross tonnage.

6. Spaces under the so-called over or protection decks (that is, decks which in steamers connect the upper surfaces of the variously divided poops, cabins, forecastles, etc., on the main deck with the sides of the ship), but only so far as they are constructed, and so lightly built that they are only useful as a protection against the sea and weather for passengers, crew, and cattle, during their stay on deck, and consequently cannot be employed to carry any other goods than such as can be carried on an ordinary open deck, so that the said over deck in reality only forms an additional security for life and property at sea.

a. For ships in coast, passenger, or cattle service, the requisites for exemption from measurement may be considered as met, when in the spaces referred to is found to be built :

a. A sufficient number of scuppers or ports for the escape of any water which may enter the space, since it may be taken for granted that such a hold or space cannot in consequence be considered suitable except for the carrying oversea of an ordinary deck cargo, but when such openings can be stopped up permanently, there shall also exist either :

B. Openings in the sides of the space, as passages for cattle, if such passages can be closed with doors, shutters, or any other similar contrivance, or :

7. Openings in the protection deck itself, as passages for cattle, even if such passages can be closed or covered with gratings, loose planks, shutters, or any other similar contrivance.

8. As far as no houses are found erected above or on the protection deck, for passengers or crew, and as far as this deck is not given such fixed side rough-tree rails, that deck cargo can be carried on such deck. No account is taken of light erections exclusively used for the navigation of the ship, such as steering and look-out houses, chart-house, etc.

b. In cases when the above requisites are met the space under the protection deck is to be treated as an ordinary open space, and it is, in consequence, not taken into consideration in ascertaining the gross tonnage of the ship; on the other hand, the separately divided and fixed spaces built under the protection deck are to be measured and reckoned as ordinary buildings on the open deck.

c. Exceptions under points 4, 5, and 6 can only be recognised after the owner, agent, or the captain has given in a representation to the general director of rates and taxes, and this has been conceded. On the representation, in which there ought to be given as complete a description as possible of the space referred to, the proper measuring official will have to report through the head office for the measuring of ships.

E.

The following spaces are admitted to deduction from the gross tonnage :

a. Spaces for the lodging of the crew.

1. Separately divided spaces, as well above as under the upper deck, fitted up as lodging for, as well as exclusively used by, the crew, or the officers, or engineers of the ship (in the last are included also the ship's doctor, but not the captain, the steward, or persons belonging to the service of the passengers), but only in so far as the spaces referred to meet with the following requirements:

a. The space is properly constructed, sufficiently lighted, ventilated in the right way, and thoroughly protected against the sea and weather, as well as against leakage from the cargo, or from water standing in the ship.

B. That it has a cubic contents of not less than 66 cubic feet for each man, and a surface, measured on the deck or the floor of such a space, of at least 11-3 square feet for each man; but for ships of under 100 tons gross, only 5 square feet, if the space is situate under the deck.

γ. That it is kept free from all sorts of goods and stores not being the personal property of the crew.

8. That it is marked with the number of men who can or shall have lodging in it.

b. Spaces for the use of the crew.

2. A mess-room, as far as such a room is exclusively used for the officers and engineers of the ship. The deduction for such a space not to exceed four tons. No deduction can be made for officers' mess-rooms in passenger ships if such ships are not provided with a separate mess-room for the use of passengers.