to the body of the wearer by means of straps. When packed the apparatus occupies a comparatively small space. It is called by the inventor the "Seamen's Safety."

1519. Henry Schallehn, of 34, Albert Terrace, Clapham Road, Manufacturer. "An apparatus for raising ships, anchors, chains, telegraph cables and other property sunken in the sea, or rivers, or lakes." This apparatus may be constructed in various forms. In one it is formed in the shape of an anchor, a hammer hinged to the shank taking the place of one of the prongs, which being operated by means of a chain forces the other prong into the object to be raised. In another form, more particularly adapted to recovering telegraph cables and the like, the shank terminates at the bottom in a curved hook at the base of which is a notched recess into which the telegraph cable or other article lodges. The shank is provided near the base with an arm turning on a swivel, to which rollers are attached to enable the apparatus to avoid any obstruction encountered. The extremities of this arm are connected by chains crossing one another to a longer bar turning on a swivel higher up the shank. The play and position of these arms is regulated by means of ropes connecting the extremities of the upper arm with the guide cable. A grappling hook, constructed with serrated teeth, to effect a more certain hold, can be used with this apparatus or alone. Another form of grappling hook, also particularly intended for raising telegraph cables, and the like, is constructed with supplementary arms acting as levers, the cable attached to which being straightened, causes serrated jaws to close over the article to be raised.

1609. Herbert Wadsworth, Geneseo, U.S.

"Improvements

in mechanism for effecting the movement of rudders of vessels, the steering wheels of road wagons, shifting or reversing levers of locomotives, and various other objects." This consists of an arrangement of a way-cock adapted to control the entrance and exit of water to or from a cylinder, operating the moving body, and in combination with a cut-off valve acted on by the tiller or moving body, and moving over the ports of the valve seat, so controlling the movements of the piston.

1696. John Colvin Thomson, Brooklyn, U.S. "Improvements

in or applicable to berths for passengers, and pens, stalls, or boxes for animals on shipboard to retain them in a level position, and to prevent sea-sickness." Posts are fixed between the decks, and to each pair of posts is pivoted a dividing cross-bar or frame, to each side of which is pivoted or hung a berth or pen. The pivots are hung on springs, and the berths or pens are suspended above the centre of gravity, so that the weight of the occupant serves to counterbalance the apparatus.

1838. Rev. George William Garrett, of 82, Chorlton Road, Manchester. "Improvements in, and appertaining to, submarine or subaqueous boats or vessels for removing or destroying, laying, or placing torpedoes in channels and other situations, and for other purposes." This invention relates to a new description of boat, which, on being closed, can descend and be navigated under water. The boat is caused to lose her freeboard by ballast tanks, and then her depth of submersion can be regulated with the most exact nicety by an arrangement of hydraulic ram working in a cylinder, and operated by simple gearing. Means of propulsion and steering are provided, and elastic sleeves allow the operator to grasp or manipulate objects in the water. The electric light furnishes the means of illumination. This invention was most successfully tested in the presence of a number of scientific gentlemen on August 7th last, at Birkenhead. Mr. Garrett remaining for several hours in his novel craft, chemical means affording respiration.

2770. Empson Edward Middleton, Southampton. "An improved method of building ship, yacht, sailing boat, and other vessel, and of altering by lengthening by the stern the after hull of ship, yacht, sailing boat, or other vessel." This consists in using a long counter, the stern post being placed at an angle instead of perpendicular. The rudder is somewhat of a shield shape, and works against said stern post. When propellers are used they can be placed above or below the rudder. The stern is constructed finely, so as not to offer much resistance to the water. AMERICAN.

Improvement in pro

208952. Peter Boisset, New York. pelling vessels." This consists in providing vessels with paddles

which are fixed to oscillating arms, operated by crank rods. The paddles are hinged to the oscillating arms, so that on the return stroke they may offer no resistance to the water. One or more paddles may be provided according to the speed required, and they may be fixed either outside the vessel, as in the ordinary manner, or in the centre, enclosed in a well. The latter arrangement

protects them against injury from ice or other obstructions.

"Improvements

209052. Edgar Jerome, Albany, New York. in means for indicating the water-level in steam-boilers, watertanks, ship-holds, and the like." For indicating the water-level in boilers two shallow chambers are provided, one of which is fixed below the lowest water-level, and the other above the highest water-level, of the boiler. In connection with these is arranged, at any distance, an indicating tube. The water flows from the boiler into the lower chamber, and, as the height of the water in the boiler varies, so does the pressure exerted upon the compressed air in the upper portion of the chamber. This variation of the pressure of the air is conveyed and registered by means of a small tube to the indicating tube. Into the upper chamber steam is admitted, and its pressure upon the enclosed compressed air is likewise registered in the indicating tube. When this apparatus is applied to indicate the level of water in other arrangements than steam-boilers, the upper chamber may be omitted.

209200. John Blake Tarr, Fairhaven, Bristol County, State of Massachusetts. "An improved fog and alarm whistle." This is a whistle operated by manual power. It consists of an air cylinder provided with a piston, to the rod of which is attached a handle. At the farthest end of the cylinder is fixed an ordinary whistle. The air is admitted to the cylinder through the circular opening of the whistle by pulling the piston to the extent of the cylinder and expelled through the same opening of the whistle (thereby causing the same to sound) by pushing back the piston. The whistle may be placed at either end of the cylinder so as to sound at either a pull or a push of the piston.

209267. Samuel W. Irwin, Columbia, Co. of Richland, State of South Carolina. "Improvement in propellers." This relates to submerged propellers, and is applicable to steam vessels

and balloons. The blades of the propellers are arranged on the main shaft in such a manner that those uppermost not being employed in propelling the vessel are turned edgewise by suitable mechanism, thus offering no resistance to the medium. By turning the lower blades of the propellers edgewise instead of the upper, the shaft continuing its rotation, a reversed motion is obtained.

BELGIUM.

46630. M. H. Alberger and S. W. Pettit.

telegraphic cables and in their manufacture."

"Improvements in

46666. A. Farry. "An apparatus for maintaining the water level in steam boilers."

FRANCE.

124432. Bazin. "A vessel with beams (balanciers)."

124447. Lagarde. "A boat propelled by hydraulic pressure." 124285. Conti de Barbaran. "A helicoid engine for pro

pelling vessels, &c." 124257. Wadsworth. 124276. Baatard. 124381. Bourke.

"A motor for rudders, carriages, &c." "A system of oars."

"Apparatus for launching boats, &c."

124425. Castaing. "A life apparatus."

124476. Febore.

124347. Somzée.

"Illuminating the surface of balloons."
"A submarine bridge."

GERMANY.

3581. E. Cutlan, London. "An apparatus for cleaning ships' bottoms."

BRITISH INDIA.

89/77. J. Pintsch, Berlin, Engineer. "Improvements in floatinglights, and in apparatus for the same."

GULF OF BOTHNIA-Sweden-Ago Island Fog-signal discontinued.