in 1860; 1.225,163 in 1870; 1,512,565 in 1880; and 1,655,980 in 1890. Capital, Richmond. Government. The following were the State officers during 1894: Governor, Charles T. Otersall, Democrat; Lieutenant-Governor, Robert C. Kent; Secretary of the Commonwealth, Joseph T. Lawless; Attorney-General, R. Taylor Scott; Auditor, Morton Marye; Second Auditor, Josiah Ryland, Jr.; Treasurer, A. W. Harman; Adjutant General, Charles J. Anderson: Superintendent of Public Instruction, John E. Massie; President of the Court of Appeals, James Keith; Commissioner of Agriculture, Thomas Whitehead; Railroad Commissioner, James C. Hill.

Finances. The annual report of the Treasurer for the fiscal year ending Sept. 30, 1894, shows a balance on hand, Oct. 1, 1893, of $664,808.89. The total balance in the treasury to the credit of the several funds-the Commonwealth, the Literary fund, the interest on the public debt, the sinking fund, and the Miller fundwas $603,812.54. During the fiscal year 1893-'94 the Treasurer received $3,747,903,000.

The report of the Second Auditor shows that since the passage of the act of Jan. 31, 1894, extending the time in which the holders of old securities could refund them, under provisions of the act of Feb. 20, 1892, there has been funded of principal $652,495.66, and of interest $391,882.97, making a total of $1,044,298.63; new bonds issued, $712,725.61. This leaves a comparatively small amount of the debt outstanding, viz.. $1,271,223.62; with interest amounting to $1,831,753.97, aggregate, $3,102,977.59. This includes bonds and interest held by the United States Government, against which the State claims an ample offset, and also sundry bonds with interest that were issued to several works of internal improvement and can not be funded, and large amounts of old arrearages of interest which never will be called for, as well as bonds and coupons that are supposed to be lost. The aggregate of the new debt is estimated at $17,373,243.26, but it will never exceed $18.250,000. The entire debt of the State (new and old) is $24,581,581.40, on which the annual interest is $554,947.44. This does not include the bonds held by institutions of learning, which aggregate $2,466,455.85, with annual interest amounting to $146,331.32, these having been put on the same footing with regular appropriations. During the year 1894 the commissioners of the sinking fund purchased $337,000 of century bonds at a cost of $199,291.

Internal Revenue.-The report of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue shows that during the fiscal year Virginia paid $2,391,713.24. She is the largest exporting tobacco State in the Union. The average quantity of tobacco used in Virginia in the manufacture of cigars is 1944 pounds per 1,000, and for cigarettes 3:41 pounds per 1,000. There are 265 factories in Virginia, à large increase over last year, and 103,482,527 cigars were manufactured out of 1,527,589 pounds of tobacco, and 802.929,195 cigarettes were manufactured out of 3.309,931 pounds of tobacco. The amount of stamps required for sales on all sorts of tobacco, including chewing tobacco and snuff, was $1,584,101.28 in 1893-'94. The tax on exported cigars is $3 per 1,000, and on cigarettes 50 cents per 1,000.

The number of distilleries registered and operated in Virginia during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1894, was 1,334; and of taxable gallons gauged during that time, 1,180,383. The amount of assessments was $64,459.95. Under the provision of the act of Aug. 28, 1894, the tax on distilled liquors was increased from 90 cents to $1.10 a gallo n, and the bonded period was extended from three to eight years. Although the act did not become a law till Aug. 28, 1894, it was evident, as early as June, that the tax on distilled spirits would be increased. This fact explains the great increase in the tax-paid withdrawals of distilled spirits during July and August, and the decrease of such withdrawals during September compared with the same month in 1893. The primary effect of the law was an overstocked market.

Legislative Session.-The General Assembly of 1894 was organized Jan. 1, 1894, and adjourned March 12. The only important business transacted was the election of a Democratic Court of Appeals, an almost complete change in the officials of the State Government, and the adoption of the Walton bill, or what is commonly known as the Australian ballot system.

Insane Asylums.-In the Western Lunatic Asylum 856 patients were treated during the year ending Sept. 30, 1894. The proportion of recoveries to admissions was 34 to 100. The total account for maintenance is $99,282 91, and for miscellanies $493.13. The amount charged to ordinary improvements, $4.512.44, includes every item of expense in keeping in repair all the interior departments of the hospital. The total expenditure was $126,812.32. The patients made 7,437 garments during the year. The cost of maintenance per capita is $145.79 per annum.

The Eastern Lunatic Asylum, in the year ending Sept. 30, 1894. had 444 patients; the mortality was 37, and 30 were discharged fully recovered. The receipts for this year were $85,246.50; the cost of maintenance and ordinary repairs, $68,139.29.

The Central State Lunatic Asylum, in its report for the fiscal year ending Sept. 30, 1894, shows a total of 939 patients (colored), of whom 81 were discharged recovered, and 80 died. The receipts and expenditures for the year (including balance from 1892-'93 of $20,986.23) was $103,730.78, and the amount expended for all purposes was $75,477.82, leaving a cash balance of $28,252.96.

Penitentiary. There was an average for the year ending Sept. 30, 1894, of 1,368 prisoners in the Penitentiary. The expense of keeping them was $78,514, or $57.39 per capita per year. The cost of maintenance of the prison for the year included food, clothing, guarding and managing prison, fuel, medicine, etc. The sum of $11,948 has been expended through the office of the superintendent by the prisoners themselves, which was made by overwork. A boiler house costing $1,141.81, a tobacco factory $15,167.06, and a shoeshop $23,780.80, were all finished this year and paid for out of the net earnings of the institution. These for the year 1893-'94 were $34.239.28. The proportion of convicts to the number of inhabitants of each race is 1 to 5,000 white and 74 to 5,000 colored. The hire of Convicts amounted to $108,045.13. The balance

to account of prisoners for overwork (they having expended $11,547.66) is $2,046.85. On Oct. 1, 1894, there were 258 white men, 1,066 colored men, 5 white women, and 89 colored women; 112 men were on the public works.

In his report the superintendent opposes the idea that the public roads-a question much agitated at present in Virginia-should be built by convicts, as now provided by law, without cost to the counties except for feeding, guarding, and $50 for each escape; for, as only the able-bodied, short-term men can be used for that purpose, the Penitentiary, in his opinion, will soon become a charge on the public treasury.

In 1890 a Prison Association was formed, and an Industrial Reform School was opened to white boys under the age of fifteen; these boys are taken from the streets and the jails and kept in the school at the discretion of the board, who, when they reach the age of eighteen, give them probationary freedom under bonds for good behavior. On May 17, 1890, Mrs. A. P. Russell, of Henrico, conveyed to the association two tracts of land in that county. During the succeeding four years the school has acquired 90 acres, and has an excellent farm, good house and school buildings, and 129 inmates. The State has contributed $10.000 to the Prison Association for the Reform School since July, 1892, and paid for buildings and other equipments $9,500.60. It also gives jail allowances of 25 cents per diem per boy, and $10 a year for his clothing. The institution is self-supporting, except that the jail allowances go to the salaries of teachers, employees, etc. No boy works more than six hours a day, and each spends certain hours in study and recreation.

com

Railroads. No new railroads were pleted in the State during 1894, though several are projected and have been chartered by the Legislature. Virginia has a total railroad mileage of 3,426 43, or 11.71 square miles of territory for each mile of railroad. She has 482-29 inhabitants for each mile of railroad, and 10-92 feet of railway for each inhabitant. The tax on railroads to support the Government in 1893-'94 was $222,363.08; to support schools, $73.335.20; and to defray salary of Railroad Commissioner, etc., $4,586.42; total, $300,264.70.

Education. The biennial report of the Superintendent of Public Instruction appeared in 1895, but the growth indicated in his latest report was a forecast of continued success and prosperity. Never before has Virginia shown such zeal and energy on the subject of education. There is still decided objection to coeducational institutions. Roanoke College, at Salem, announced at its commencement exercises, in June, 1894, that young women over sixteen would be admitted to the classes as special students, but not as candidates for degrees. The University of Virginia admits special students to enter for written examinations; but the majority report of the faculty on the admission of women to the academic schools, disapproving of it, was adopted with 1 dissenting vote.

The latest statistics show that there are 7,902 public schools in Virginia-5,679 for white and 2,223 for colored pupils. There are 5,868 white and 2,064 colored teachers, and the number of pupils enrolled is 348,471, of whom 227,696 are

white and 120,775 are colored; the average daily attendance is 130,398 white pupils and 63,745 colored. The expenditure for permanent improvements was $194,005.80 at the latest report, and the estimated value of school property $2,763,584.97. At the University of Virginia there was a total attendance of 554, against 547 in 1893. Ten masters of arts and 30 doctors of medicine received their degrees. The Alumni Association subscribed $50,000 to build a library hall in commemoration of the alumni of the institution who were killed during the civil war. At the Virginia Military Institute 197 cadets reported for the session of 1893-'94. The average annual expense for a cadet at this college is $530, exclusive of his outfit. Fifty State cadets are admitted free of tuition. The State appropriated during the latest session of the Legislature $10,000 to finish the Jackson Memorial Hall of the institute.

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The Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute had a total of 1,029 pupils under the care of the school in 1893-'94, of whom 140 are Indians. It has received the cordial support of the State-an appropriation of $10,329.36, representing a third share of the State's agricultural college land scrip fund, and the same proportion (amounting in 1894 to $6,333.34) of the State's share in the fund created by the Morrell act. There is special interest this year among the Indians, a large number of whom are working their way through the schools without Government help. The solution of the Indian and the negro problem," said the late Gen. S. C. Armstrong, seems to be in educating competent leaders in both races. in order that they may return to their homes and by example and precept teach their fellows how to live." This plan is in every way encouraged by the faculty and the board of the institute. The Superintendent of Public Instruction has held a teachers' institute at Hampton for two successive years, and both the Slater and Peabody funds have increased their appropriations. Twentyeight of the senior class of 1894 were graduated, making a record of over 2,000 teachers from the school, who have instructed 129,974 pupils. The most marked change has occurred where the Indian graduates settle, for they are an example even in the matter of clothing and cooking.

At the University College of Medicine, incorporated in Richmond, in May, 1893, were matriculated 83 students in medicine and 22 in the school of dentistry. The Virginia Hospital, opened in 1894, is connected with this college.

The twenty-fourth session of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, at Blacksburg, opened with 327 students. A new barracks has been added. State students have their tuition free.

The Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute enrolled 347 students. The necessary expenses of regular students for eight months amount to $60: State students are charged $40.

Roanoke College, at Salem, has 403 students. and received gifts amounting to $3,000 toward current expenses.

The Virginia Institution for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind maintained during the last scholastic year 82 deaf and dumb and 51 blind students. Residents of the State are main

tained at the expense of the State, if paupers, enjoying all scholastic advantages, besides food and clothing. If they are able to pay, they are charged $130 a year for board and clothing, but tuition is free. The institution has no vested fund, but the annual State appropriation is $35,000. William and Mary, the oldest college in the colonies except Harvard (which still receives a certain yearly income from the Crown, from an endowment settled on it by the sovereigns for whom it was named), enrolled 169 students during 1893-'94. In order to establish in connection with the college a system of normal instruction and training of young white men for teachers in the State public school, the State annually appropriates $10,000 to this college, which permits it to send 1 student from every district and 1 for every additional delegate to the House of Delegates, under these terms: That the student receive all tuition free, and that his food, lights, and washing shall be guaranteed him at $10 a month; provided he bind himself, on leaving the college, to teach two years.

The Miller Manual-Labor School has an endowment of $1,300,000. The students for 1893'94 were 95 girls and 167 boys.

The State Library, one of the most beautiful buildings of that character in the South, was completed in November. It cost $174,200.

Legal Decision.-Since 1879 the Constitution of the State of Virginia has limited the jurisdiction of magistrates in cases of petit larceny of a discharge of the accused, or bail for the crime accused of, or the necessity of awaiting trial before a grand jury. Out of this law grew two famous test cases, the Brown vs. Epps, sergeant of the city of Richmond, and the Mary Miller case. The first, a habeas corpus case, cost the State large criminal expenses, besides that of having the Constitution amended, the amend ment being one of the two tickets voted at the November election, and decided unanimously for the amendment. In the Mary Miller case the late court, of which L. L. Lewis was president, decided that sections 4106 to 4108 of the code, which confer upon police justices and justices of the peace, in addition to the jurisdiction exercised by them as conservators of the peace, concurrent jurisdiction with the county and the corporation courts for the trial of petty offenses already enumerated, were in conflict with the constitutional provision guaranteeing a trial by jury in all criminal prosecutions. The present court decides that not only is the act as amended not in conflict with the Constitution, but that no conflict existed before such amendment, and therefore the writ of habeas corpus must be denied and the prisoner, Brown, must be remitted to the sergeant of the city of Richmond. Tens of thousands of dollars per annum will be saved the State by this decision.

Agriculture.-The President of the State Board of Agriculture prefaces the report of the commissioner with the statement that the Virginia Board of Agriculture was created by the Assembly in 1888, that it is composed of 10 members, all practical farmers and serving without any emolument whatever, and that to every suggestion proffered by this board the Assembly has turned a deaf ear. But certain of these suggestions have to a limited extent been put to a

practical test with gratifying results-namely, the farmers' institutes, the benefits offered by the Federal Weather Service Bureau, and the great advantages accruing from fertilizers.

The fertilizer law, while not fair or equitable, and not embracing provisions recommended by the board, has been faithfully administered, and has secured to the farmers of the State immunity from fraud and imposition in the purchase of fertilizers.

The appropriation reported to the credit of the board by the Auditor was $13,000, $3,000 of which was set apart from the fund derived from the fees on fertilizers, " for all expenses in the collection of taxes on fertilizers and fertilizing companies." The fees collected from the latter were $9,180, and the cost of executing the fertilizer law in this fiscal year was $7,156.88, with no allowance for collection or disbursement. This necessitated a charge of $4,156.88 against the annual appropriation of $10,000. The itemized account shows a total expenditure for all purposes of $11,715.83; hence there lapsed into the treasury, of the $13.000 placed to the credit of the board at the beginning of the fiscal year 1894-95, $1,284.17. The cost of the department to the taxpayers of Virginia was $2.535.83.

The work in the field and the laboratory has been larger in 1894 than in any previous year. Mining is slowly developing and increasing: every new mine, according to the law, is investigated and reported. The report of assays made by the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College for the benefit of the State Board of Agriculture shows this examination. This year the pests of insects increased greatly, and fungous diseases have attacked vegetables, but the commission had no authority to employ an entomologist. There is no legislation for drainage; inclosures are locally controlled in every section. The board has had no distribution of seed since the discontinuance of the supply from the United States Department of Agriculture, for distribution of bought seed does not repay the cost until the experiment stations and State farms produce seed of new and the best variety. These, and the lack of effort in the matter of immigration, are some of the difficulties under which the Board of Agriculture labors. There were no farmers' institutes this year (1893-'94). In December, 1893, the San José or Perniciosas scale appeared in the fruit-growing region of middle Virginia, near Charlottesville, where large quantities of wine are manufactured. The State Board of Agriculture appealed to the United States department for assistance, for the pest threatened the whole Atlantic coast. The affected trees were cut down and burned. Infected fruit brought from California, where the epidemic had done great harm, is supposed to have distributed the larvæ.

The peanut crop did not prosper this year, but the cultivated blackberry was a large source of revenue. The beet-sugar industry was given special attention, and its best results were obtained in Augusta County. The commissioner recommends that, while wheat and corn can not be profitably raised for market, dairying, stock. and truck farms can be made sources of profit and support.

Immigration.-On Oct. 16, 1894. an Immigration Convention was held in Richmond, at

which the resources of the State were fully discussed and a warm welcome was offered to respectable immigrants. The German-American Association of Virginia was represented by Dr. Paul Menzel, and other interested foreigners urged the attention of the people to turning the tide of immigration from the West to the South. A society for the promotion of good roads was also formed. The report of the Association of Engineers showed that the bad roads in the State cost $2,478,918.97 more than the total tax collected in the State, or for each unit of population $2.58 per annum is lost. In spite of its great advantages, Virginia increased only 948 per cent. in population from 1880 to 1890, less than any State in the Union except Maine, Vermont, and New Hampshire. Of the 502,917 immigrants that came to the United States in the year ending June 30, only 583 were bound for Virginia. Only 11 of the population is foreign born. The Immigration Convention decided that, to produce different results, it should advertise the resources of the State, remove the impression that the school facilities are poor, have good roads, and send out agents to those countries from which immigration is desired.

Gold.-A gold mine in Buckingham County which was opened and worked successfully half a century ago has been reopened, and by the cyandine process is giving a satisfactory yield. Some of the selected and picked ore taken from the Borker mine yielded $100,000 in one year. Appomattox. In the county of Appomattox there were two villages of that name. One was Appomattox railway station, and the other the place of Gen. Lee's surrender. They were two miles apart, and much confusion resulted in the Post Office Department as to the delivery of the mails. The Postmaster-General therefore ordered that old Appomattox Courthouse be called Surrender, and the railway station, which is also now the county seat, be called Appomattox. A remonstrance from the press throughout the

North and South and wide discussion ensued. When the authorities learned the temper of the people the original names were at once restored to the two places.

Monuments.-In Fredericksburg, on May 10, the National Mary Washington Memorial Association raised and dedicated a monument to the memory of the mother of Washington. It is a plain white marble obelisk 50 feet high, 11 feet square at the base. On May 22 a monument was dedicated in memory of the private soldiers and sailors who perished on the side of the Confederacy in the civil war. The site selected was a commanding one on Libby Hill, in Richmond, and the statue, of which William L. Shepherd was the artist, is of heroic size and in bronze. In Boydton, Nov. 24, the corner stone of the monument to the Confederate soldiers of Mecklenburg County was laid.

The presidential mansion of the Southern Confederacy, afterward the headquarters of the army of occupation, and later a public school, was bought by the city of Richmond and turned over, on May 28, to the Ladies' Confederate Memorial Library Society, to be used as a museum of Confederate relics.

Political. There were two questions before the people at the election in November, 1894: first. to elect congressmen; second, a constitutional amendment concerning the trial of petty larceny cases without the intervention of a jury. There were three parties in the congressional field-the Democratic, the Republican, and the Populist. The Democrats carried the State by 2,500, electing 9 out of 10 representatives, the only Republican elected being Gen. James Walker, of the Ninth District. At the election the Walton or Australian ballot was used for the first time. Its workings were successful among intelligent voters. The question regarding the trial of petty larceny cases without the intervention of a jury and relegating them to the justice court was overwhelmingly carried.

WASHINGTON, a Pacific coast State, admitted to the Union Nov. 11, 1889; area, 69,180 square miles. Population, according to the census of 1890, 349,390; estimated in 1894 at 410,000. Capital, Olympia.

Government.-The_State_officers during the year were: Governor, John H. McGraw, Republican; Lieutenant-Governor, Frank H. Luce; Secretary of State, James H. Price: Treasurer, Ozro A. Bowen: Auditor, Laban R. Grimes; Attorney-General, William C. Jones; Superintendent of Public Instruction, Charles W. Bean; Land Commissioner, William T. Forrest; State Printer, Oliver C. White; Adjutant General, R. G. O'Brien; Chief Justice, R. O. Dunbar; Associates, T. C. Stiles, John P. Hoyt, T. J. Anders; Superior Judge, Mason Irwin; Senator, Watson C. Squire; Congressmen, John L. Wilson and W. H. Doolittle; Secretary of the Board of Health, Dr. George S. Armstrong; State Librarian, M. Gilbert.

VOL. XXXIV.-49 A

The Legislature meets biennially, on the first Monday of January in odd-numbered years.

Finances.-The State Treasurer's report for the quarter ending June 30, 1894. represented business of unusual importance. Total receipts, $525,035.57; disbursements, $519,408.71; cash balance, $251,651.65. For the quarter ending Sept. 30 the cash balance was $290.819.70. The fiscal year begins and ends March 31. Treasurer's balance on Oct. 31. 1894, showed a total cash balance, distributed among the various funds, of $275.890.17.

The

The State Board of Equalization has apportioned to each county the amount of tax to be paid the State to meet the expenses for 1894. giving a total of $648,870, at the rate of 2.868 mills. The total amount of real, personal, and railroad State property was estimated at $226,245.182.

The receipts of the Auditor's office were increased in May by payments of the 2-per-cent.

tax on net premiums received by insurance companies doing business in the State.

Vital Statistics.-The published report for 1893 of Dr. George S. Armstrong, Secretary of the Board of Health, shows the number of deaths per 1,000 of population to be 36; the number of births to be 9-15. During the year there were 1,874 marriages in the State.

State Capitol.-Some changes have been made in the membership of the Capitol Commission. Legal technicalities have required adjustment, but the delay in the preliminary work of the board results to the advantage of the project. The people are assured of the competence of the commission, and that the terms of the grant will keep the expenses within the limits of the appropriation.

Prof. W. R. Ware, of Columbia University, New York city, was appointed as expert to consider 188 plans submitted by architects from various parts of the country. He selected from 6, as worthy of acceptance, plan No. 17, by Ernest Flagg, of New York. This plan received the first prize, as best adapted to the requirements of structure and appropriation. The second prize, of $1,500, was given to William M. Kenyon, of Minneapolis; the third, of $1,000, to W. H. Dennis and O. P. Dennis, of Tacoma; the fourth, of $500, to German & De Waard, of Duluth, and W. E. Brown, of Chicago.

The plan in general consists of a central rotunda, to the north of which is the Senate chamber and to the south the House of Representatives, with the main entrance at the east and the supreme court at the west. Ample corridors traverse the building parallel to the principal axis. Entrances are at the east and west, on the first and basement floors. Committee rooms and dependencies are arranged for in the basement. The structure will have a dome of noble proportions, in open-work masonry, crowned with a figure of Victory. The style of architecture is a variation of modern German renaissance. The principal façade presents a grand colonnade upon a basement of pure simplicity, terminating in square pavilions, broken in the center by the main entrance, placed in a great niche, and by the ends of the transverse columns. The interspaces are closed with supports for statuary, and there is a central group over the main entrance. Limestone from native quarries is the material proposed, with timber, also from the State, and Tenino stone for the foundation. The site selected has a wide view of Puget Sound. The grounds have been cleared, the lake upon it drained, and bids accepted for all the work. The grounds are to be laid out in a park, with a driveway 100 feet wide around the entire tract. The bill calls for the completion of the edifice in 1899.

State Lands.-State warrants are steadily increasing in value. The market price in January was 1 per cent. higher than for the last month of 1893, quoted at 97 cents. School and tide lands are being sold. The amendment to the sundry civil bill authorized the Governor to apply to the Surveyor General for the temporary reservation of townships still unsurveyed, from which the State may make selections on the various land grants, and also authorizing the State to advance money for the surveys, the

Federal Government to reimburse it for the outlay afterward.

In the contest with certain railways concerning establishment of harbor lines, injunctions were dissolved, and the decision given that such were not conformable to public polity.

The State Land Commission reports a total acreage of lands selected under the several acts of Congress known as land-grant acts to be 437.750 acres.

Harbor Improvements. The river and harbor bill reported to the House, April 4, was modified and passed by Congress in August, providing an appropriation for further improvements of the harbors on Puget Sound. In addition to the appropriation of 1893 for the work now in progress, the various harbors on the coast of Washington receive the following amounts: Olympia, $40.000; Everett, $10,000; Swinomish Slough, $25,000; Willapa river and harbor, $13,350; Gray's harbor and Chehalis river, $25,000; Cowlitz river, $3,000; snag boat for Puget Sound and tributaries, $14.000; Seattle, for Lake Washington Canal, $25,000. For the construction of this canal a company has been formed and a contract signed under the law approved March 1, 1893. The terms of the contract require its beginning not later than March 1, 1895, to be completed in six years.

The harbor work of the State is progressing successfully, according to the prepared plans of the Harbor Line Commission, with the exception of Hoquiam, on Gray's harbor, where, instead of deepening, the dredging seemed to fill up the channel. Tacoma harbor lines were established Sept. 5, and the Hoquiam maps were filed with the Chehalis County auditor Sept. 6.

During the night of Dec. 6 a great subsidence over a considerable area occurred in the bottom of Puget Sound. An investigation was instituted, and on Dec. 13 it was reported that the water was deeper than before the landslide-at the shore line, 60 feet; 700 feet out, 40 feet; 800 feet out, 25 feet; giving an area estimated at 800 feet in width, and covering about 20 acres. Later soundings indicated the center of the depression to be about 1,000 feet from the shore line. The railway company has 1,200 feet of dockage to replace, and has also to rebuild the wharves and warehouse that slipped into the bay. No permanent retaining wall is possible, and piling is necessitated.

Charities.-The State supports the following institutions: The Soldiers' Home, Orting, Pierce County; Hospital for the Insane, Steilacoom, Pierce County; another at Medical Lake, Spokane County: Penitentiary, Walla Walla, in Walla Walla County; and the State Fair, at North Yakima, Yakima County, which combines charitable and educational advantages.

Education.-The educational institutions proper are: University, Seattle, Kings County: Agricultural College and School of Science, Pullman, Whitman County; Normal School, Ellensburg. Kittitas County; another at Cheney, Spokane County; Reform School, Chehalis, Lewis County; and School for Defective Youth, Vancouver, Člarke County,

The number of school districts in the State in 1894 was 1,741 schoolhouses, 1,654; school children in attendance, 112,300; teachers, 3,086.