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TITLE.

See BANKRUPTCY, 3, 4;
STATES, 11.

TORTS.

See INTERNATIONAL LAW;

PRINCIPAL AND AGENT, 1.

TREATIES.

1. Spain; treaty of Paris of 1898; citizenship of resident of Philippines; right
to practice law.

Under the Treaty of Paris of 1898, between the United States and Spain,
a Spanish resident of the Philippine Islands, who left there in May,
1899, without making any declaration of intention to preserve his alle-
giance to Spain and remained away until after the expiration of eighteen
months after the ratification of the treaty continued to be a Spaniard,
and did not, even though he intended to return, become a citizen of the
islands under the new sovereignty, and therefore is not eligible to admis-
sion to practice at the bar under the rules established by the military
and civil authorities of the Philippine Islands. Bosque v. United States,

91.

2. Same; laws referred to in Art XIX.

The laws applicable to other foreigners referred to in Article XIX of the
treaty referred not to Spanish laws but to the laws to be enacted by the
new sovereignty. Spaniards only became foreigners after the cession.
Ib.

3. Same; property within protection of Art. VII.

The right to practice law is not property within the protection of Article VII
of the treaty. Ib.

Treaty with China of December, 1894, § 3 (see Immigration, 3). Liu Hop
Fong v. United States, 453.

Treaty with Cuba of May 22, 1903 (see Principal and Agent, 2). O'Reilly de
Camara v. Brooke, 45.

TRIAL.

See CRIMINAL LAW, 2.

TRIAL FOR CRIME.

See CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, 2, 3.

TRUSTEE IN BANKRUPTCY.

See BANKRUPTCY, 3, 4.

UNDERTAKINGS.

See INJUNCTION, 1, 2.

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1. Effect on validity of will of testator's inability to read.

Inability to read does not create a presumption that a testator does not
know the contents of a paper declared by him to be his last will and dul
executed as such. Lipphard v. Humphrey, 264.

2. Presumption that testator knows contents of instrument.

There is a presumption that the testator does know the contents of a will
properly executed, which, while not conclusive, must prevail in the
absence of proof of fraud, undue influence or want of testamentary
capacity, even where testator's inability to read is proved. Ib.

3. Evidence; admissibility of declarations of testator.

In the absence of proof of want of testamentary capacity at the date of the
will, declarations of the testator as to the contents thereof are inadmis-
sible to prove lack of knowledge of such contents. Ib.

WORDS AND PHRASES.

"Jurisdiction" as generally used in compacts between States has a more
limited sense than "sovereignty." Central R. R. Co. v. Jersey City, 473.

"Device" as used in acts of March 2, 1889, and February 19, 1903, relating

to freight rebates (see Interstate Commerce, 1). Armour Packing Co. v.
United States, 56.

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