He, however, went to Oxford, and was entered a commoner of Pembroke College, on the 31st of October, 1728, being then in his nineteenth year.

The Reverend Dr. Adams, who afterwards presided over Pembroke College with universal esteem, told me he was present, and gave me some account of what passed on the night of Johnson's arrival at Oxford. On that evening, his father, who had anxiously accompanied him, found means to have him introduced to Mr. Jorden, who was to be his tutor. His being put under any tutor, reminds us of what Wood says of Robert Burton, author of the "Anatomy of Melancholy," when elected student of Christ-church; "for form's sake, though he wanted not a tutor, he was put under the tuition of Dr. John Bancroft, afterwards Bishop of Oxon." (1)

His father seemed very full of the merits of his son, and told the company he was a good scholar, and a poet, and wrote Latin verses. His figure and manner appeared strange to them; but he behaved modestly, and sat silent, till upon something which occurred in the course of conversation, he suddenly struck in and quoted Macrobius; and thus he gave the first impression of that more extensive reading in which he had indulged himself.

son. And, on reference to the college books, it appears that Corbett's residence was so irregular, and so little coincident with Johnson's, that there is no reason to suppose that Johnson was employed either as the private tutor of Corbett, as Hawkins states, or his companion, as Boswell suggests. - CROKER.

(1) Athen. Oxon. edit. 1721, i. 627.

His tutor, Mr. Jorden, fellow of Pembroke, was not, it seems, a man of such abilities as we should conceive requisite for the instructor of Samuel Johnson, who gave me the following account of him:"He was a very worthy man, but a heavy man; and I did not profit much by his instructions. (1) Indeed, I did not attend him much. The first day after I came to college I waited upon him, and then staid away four. On the sixth, Mr. Jorden asked me why I had not attended. I answered, I had been sliding in Christ-church meadow. And this I said with as much nonchalance as I am now (2) talking to you. I had no notion that I was wrong or irreverent to my tutor.". BOSWELL. "That, Sir, was great fortitude of mind." JOHNSON. "No, Sir; stark insensibility." (3)

The fifth of November was at that time kept with great solemnity at Pembroke College, and exercises upon the subject of the day were required. Johnson

(1) "Johnson," says Hawkins, "would oftener risk the payment of a small fine than attend his lectures; nor was he studious to conceal the reason of his absence. Upon occasion of one such imposition, he said to Jorden, Sir, you have sconced me two-pence for non-attendance at a lecture not worth a penny." It has been thought worth while to preserve this anecdote, as an early specimen of the antithetical style of Johnson's conversation. CROKER.

(2) Oxford, March 20. 1776.

(3) It ought to be remembered, that Dr. Johnson was apt, in his literary as well as moral exercises, to overcharge his defects. Dr. Adams informed me, that he attended his tutor's lectures, and also the lectures in the College Hall, very regularly. BOSWELL.

When he related to me this anecdote, he laughed very heartily at his own insolence, and said they endured it from him with a gentleness that, whenever he thought of it, astonished himself. - PIOZZI.

neglected to perform his, which is much to be regretted; for his vivacity of imagination, and force of language, would probably have produced something sublime upon the Gunpowder Plot. To apologise for his neglect, he gave in a short copy of verses, entitled Somnium, containing a common thought, "that the Muse had come to him in his sleep and whispered, that it did not become him to write on such subjects as politics; he should confine himself to humbler themes:" but the versification was truly Virgilian. (1)

He had a love and respect for Jorden, not for his literature (2), but for his worth. "Whenever," said he, a young man becomes Jorden's pupil, he becomes his son."

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Having given such a specimen of his poetical powers, he was asked by Mr. Jorden to translate Pope's Messiah into Latin verse, as a Christmas exercise. He performed it with uncommon rapidity, and in so masterly a manner, that he obtained great applause from it, which ever after kept him high in the estimation of his college, and, indeed, of all the university.

(1) He told me, that when he made his first declamation, he wrote over but one copy, and that coarsely; and having given it into the hand of the tutor, was obliged to begin by chance, and continue on how he could, for he had got but little of it by heart; so, fairly trusting to his present powers for immediate supply, he finished by adding astonishment to the applause of all who knew how little was owing to study. A prodigious risk, however, said some one: "Not at all," exclaims Johnson; "no man, I suppose, leaps at once into deep water, who does not know how to swim."- Piozzi.

(2) [Johnson used to say, "He scarcely knew a noun from an adverb."- NICHOLS.]

It is said, that Mr. Pope expressed himself concerning it in terms of strong approbation. (1) Dr. Taylor told me, that it was first printed for old Mr. Johnson, without the knowledge of his son, who was very angry when he heard of it. A Miscellany of Poems, collected by a person of the name of Husbands (2), was published at Oxford in 1731. In that Miscellany, Johnson's Translation of the Messiah appeared, with this modest motto from Scaliger's Poetics," Ex alieno ingenio poeta, ex suo tantum versificator." (3)

I am not ignorant that critical objections have been made to this and other specimens of Johnson's Latin poetry. I acknowledge myself not competent to decide on a question of such extreme nicety. But I am satisfied with the just and discriminative eulogy pronounced upon it by my friend Mr. Courtenay.

"And with like ease his vivid lines assume

The garb and dignity of ancient Rome.
Let college verse-men trite conceits express,
Trick'd out in splendid shreds of Virgil's dress;
From playful Ovid cull the tinsel phrase,
And vapid notions hitch in pilfer'd lays ;

(1) The poem having been shown to Pope, by a son of Dr. Arbuthnot, then a gentleman commoner of Christ-church, was read, and returned with this encomium, "The writer of this poem will leave it a question for posterity, whether his or mine be the original."- HAWKINS.

(2) John Husbands was a contemporary of Johnson at Pembroke College, having been admitted a Fellow and A. M. in 1726. HALL.

(3) [It was also published, with Johnson's name, in the Gentleman's Magazine, vol. xxii. p. 184.]

Then with mosaic art the piece combine,
And boast the glitter of each dulcet line :
Johnson adventured boldly to transfuse
His vigorous sense into the Latin muse;
Aspired to shine by unreflected light,

And with a Roman's ardour think and write.
He felt the tuneful Nine his breast inspire,
And, like a master, waked the soothing lyre:
Horatian strains a grateful heart proclaim,
While Sky's wild rocks resound his Thralia's name.
Hesperia's plant, in some less skilful hands,
To bloom a while, factitious heat demands:
Though glowing Maro a faint warmth supplies,
The sickly blossom in the hot-house dies:
By Johnson's genial culture, art, and toil,
Its root strikes deep, and owns the fost'ring soil;
Imbibes our sun through all its swelling veins,
And grows a native of Britannia's plains." (1)

The "morbid melancholy," which was lurking in his constitution, and to which we may ascribe those particularities, and that aversion to regular life, which, at a very early period, marked his character, gathered such strength in his twentieth year, as to afflict him in a dreadful manner. While he was at Lichfield, in the college vacation of the year 1729 (2), he felt himself overwhelmed with a horrible hypochondria, with perpetual irritation, fretfulness, and

(1) "Poetical Review of the Literary and Moral Character of Dr. Johnson, by John Courtenay, Esq. M.P." [Mr. Courtenay was born at Carlingford, in 1738. He died March 21. 1815.]

(2) It seems, as Dr. Hall suggests, probable, that this is a mistake for 1730: Johnson appears to have remained in college during the vacation of 1729, and we have no trace of him in the year 1730, during which he was, possibly, labouring under this malady, and, on that account, absent from college. - CROKER.