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Yield of the Sudbury River Watershed in Gallons per Day per Square Mile.*

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1875. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880. 1881. 1882.

103,000 643,000 658,000 1,810,000 700,000 1,121,000 415,000 1,241,000 1,496,000 1,368,000 949,000 2,465,000 1,711,000 1,787,000 1,546,000 2,403,000 1,604,000 4,435,000 4,813,000 3,507,000 2,330,000 1,374,000 4,004,000 2,839,000 3,049,000 3,292,000 2,394,000 1,626,000 3,116,000 1,168,000 1,546,000 867,000 1,188,000 1,139,000 1,391,000 1,394,000 1,114,000 514,000 965,000 1,292,000 176,000 1,338,000 529,000

870,000 222,000 597,000 506,000 413,000
321,000 183,000 202,000 128,000 158,000
396,000 405,000 121,000

177,000 276,000

86,000

475,000

395,000

119,000 148,000

55,000

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979,000

862,000

November,

December,

Average for whole year,
Av. for driest six months,

972,000 1,135,000 1,214,000 1,452,000 894,000 578,000
574,000 384,000 502,000 532,000 230,000 143,000 330,000 211,000

January,
February,

MONTH.

March,

April,

May,

June,

July,

August,

September,

October,

November,.

December,

Average for whole year,
Av. for driest six months,

1883. 1884. 1885. 1886. 1887. 1888. 1889. 1890.

335,000 995,000 1,235,000 1,461,000 2,589,000 1,053,000 2,782,000 1,254,000 1,033,000 2,842,000 1,354,000 4,800,000 2,829,000 1,951,000 1,195,000 1,529,000 1,611,000 3,785,000 1,572,000 2,059,000 2,868,000 3,237,000 1,339,000 3,643,000 1,350,000 2,853,000 1,815,000 1,947,000 2,620,000 2,645,000 1,410,000 1,875,000 938,000 1,030,000 1,336,000 720,000 1,009,000 1,632,000 880,000 1,366,000

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146,000 205,000 175,000 1,178,000 673,000 368,000 2,758,000 1,941,000 1,215,000 193,000 925,000 1,174,000 1,020,000 643,000 3,043,000 2,241,000 997,000

533,000 1,129,000 901,000 1,087,000 1,154,000 1,697,000 1,383,000 1,285,000 145,000 200,000 391,000 223,000 234,000 953,000 944,000

747,000

Mean for 22

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The area of the Sudbury River watershed used in making up these records included water surfaces amounting to about 1 per cent. of the whole area, from 1875 to 1878 inclusive, and subsequently increasing by the construction of storage reservoirs to about 3 per cent. in 1886. The watershed also contains extensive areas of swampy land, which, though covered with water at times, are not included in the above percentages of water surfaces.

EXPERIMENTS

UPON THE

PURIFICATION OF SEWAGE AND WATER

AT THE

LAWRENCE EXPERIMENT STATION,

DURING THE YEAR 1896.

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EXPERIMENTS UPON THE PURIFICATION OF SEWAGE AND WATER AT THE LAWRENCE EXPERIMENT STATION.*

By HARRY W. CLARK, Chemist in Charge.

The year 1896 is the ninth that the investigations of the Lawrence Experiment Station have been continued. The work has been carried on under the general supervision of Hiram F. Mills, A.M., C.E., a member of the State Board of Health, with the writer in direct charge. Mr. W. R. Copeland is in charge of the biological department and Mr. F. B. Forbes is assistant chemist. Mr. E. F. Badger and Mr. S. De M. Gage are assistants in the chemical and biological departments respectively. Dr. Thomas M. Drown is consulting chemist.

SEWAGE PURIFICATION.

The investigations upon the subjects of sewage and water purification have, during 1896, added much valuable data to the store of information which the Board has been accumulating during the past nine years.

The principal sewage filters which were constructed at the beginning of these investigations have been in operation during the past year. The continued systematic analyses of the applied sewage and effluents, occasional analyses of the filtering materials themselves, and the various observations in regard to their method of operation add continually to our knowledge of the permanency of sewage filters of different materials, and of the best means to maintain this permanency under different conditions. A number of new experiments have been begun for the purpose of gaining information upon subjects of increasing importance in sewage disposal, including the proper and economical disposition of the waste liquors or sewage

* A full account of the work done at the Lawrence Experiment Station for the years 1888 and 1889 is contained in a special report of the State Board of Health upon the Purification of Sewage and Water, 1890. A similar account for the years 1890 and 1891 is contained in the twenty-third annual report of the Board for the year 1891. Since 1891 the results have been published yearly in the annual reports.

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