Legislation on Foreign Relations Through ...

(3) monitoring of,

the activities described in section 297 of this title.

(1) participating in the formulation of basic policy, procedures, and criteria for project proposal review, selection, and monitoring;

(2) developing and keeping current a roster of universities(A) interested in exploring their potential for collaborative relationships with agricultural institutions, and with scientists working on significant programs designed to increase food production in developing countries,

(B) having capacity in the agricultural sciences,

(D) having capacity, experience, and commitment with respect to international agricultural efforts, and

(E) able to contribute to solving the problems addressed by this title;

(3) recommending which developing nations could benefit from programs carried out under this title, and identifying those nations which have an interest in establishing or developing agricultural institutions which engage in teaching, research, or extension activities;

(4) reviewing and evaluating memorandums of understanding or other documents that detail the terms and conditions between the Administrator and universities participating in programs under this title:

(5) reviewing and evaluating agreements and activities authorized by this title and undertaken by universities to assure compliance with the purposes of this title;

(6) recommending to the Administrator the apportionment of funds under section 297 of this title; 282 and

(7) assessing the impact of programs carried out under this title in solving agricultural problems in the developing nations. (d) The President may authorize the Board to create such subordinate units as may be necessary for the performance of its duties, including but not limited to the following:

(1) a Joint Research Committee to participate in the administration and development of the collaborative activities described in section 297(a)(3) of this title; and

(2) a Joint Committee on Country Programs which shall assist in the implementation of the bilateral activities described in sections 297(a)(2), 297(a)(4), and 297(a)(5).

(e) In addition to any other functions assigned to and agreed to by the Board, the Board shall be consulted in the preparation of the annual report required by section 300 of this title and on other agricultural development activities related to programs under this title.

282 This function of the Administrator was transferred to the Director of IDCA, pursuant to sec. 6 of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1979 (establishing IDCA).

Sec. 299.283 Authorization. (a) The President is authorized to use any of the funds hereafter made available under section 103 of this Act to carry out the purposes of this title. Funds made available for such purposes may be used without regard to the provisions of sections 110(b) and 122(d) 284 of this Act.

(b) Foreign currencies owned by the United States and determined by the Secretary of the Treasury to be excess to the needs of the United States shall be used to the maximum extent possible in lieu of dollars in carrying out the provisions of this title.

(c) Assistance authorized under this title shall be in addition to any allotments or grants that may be made under other authorizations.

(d) Universities may accept and expend funds from other sources, public and private, in order to carry out the purposes of this title. All such funds, both prospective and inhand, shall be periodically disclosed to the Administrator as he shall by regulation require, but no less often than in an annual report. 285

Sec. 300.286 Annual Report.-The President shall transmit to the Congress, not later than April 1 of each year, a report detailing the activities carried out pursuant to this title during the preceding fiscal year and containing a projection of programs and activities to be conducted during the subsequent five fiscal years. Each report shall contain a summary of the activities of the Board established pursuant to section 298 of this title and may include the separate views of the Board with respect to any aspect of the programs conducted or proposed to be conducted under this title.

Chapter 3-International Organizations and Programs

Sec. 301.287 General Authority.-(a) When he determines it to be in the national interest, the President is authorized to make voluntary contributions on a grant basis to international organizations and to programs administered by such organizations, and in the case of the Indus Basin Development Fund administered by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development to make grants and loans payable as to principal and interest in United States dollars and subject to the provisions of section 122(b), 288 on such terms and conditions as he may determine, in order to further the purposes of this part.

(b) 289

[Repealed-1981]

283 22 U.S.C. 2220d. Sec. 299 was added by sec. 312 of Public Law 94-161 (89 Stat. 849).

284 The words "110(b) and 122(d)" were substituted in lieu of “110(b), 211(a), and 211(d)" by sec. 102(c)(2) of the International Development and Food Assistance Act of 1978 (Public Law 95424, 92 Stat. 941).

285 This function of the Administrator was transferred to the Director of IDCA, pursuant to sec. 6 of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1979 (establishing IDCA).

286 22 U.S.Č. 2220e. Sec. 300 was added by sec. 312 of Public Law 94-161 (89 Stat. 849). 287 22 U.S.C. 2221.

288 The words to this point, beginning with ", and in the case of the Indus Basin", were added by sec. 107(a) of the FA Act of 1966. The reference to sec. 122(b) was substituted in lieu of a reference to sec. 201(d) by the International Development and Food Assistance Act of 1978 (Public Law 95-424, 92 Stat. 941).

289 Subsec. (b), as amended by sec. 107(b) of the FA Act of 1966, was deleted by sec. 734(a)(1) of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-113, 95 Stat. 1560). The text formerly read as follows:

"(b) Contributions to the United Nations Development Program for the calendar years succeeding 1961 may not exceed forty per centum of the total amount contributed for such purposes

Continued

(c) 290 No contributions by the United States shall be made to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East except on the condition that the United Nations Relief and Works Agency take all possible measures to assure that no part of the United States contribution shall be used to furnish assistance to any refugee who is receiving military training as a member of the so-called Palestine Liberation Army or any other guerrilla type organization or who has engaged in any act of terrorism.

(d) 291 In any case in which a fund established solely by United States contributions under this or any other Act is administered by an international organization under the terms of an agreement between the United States and such international organization, such agreement shall provide that the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct such audits as are necessary to assure that such fund is administered in accordance with such agreement. The President shall undertake to modify any existing agreement entered into before the date of enactment of this subsection to conform to the requirements of the preceding sentence. The Comptroller General shall report simultaneously to the Congress and the President the results of the audit conducted under this subsection. 292

(e) 293 (1) In the case of the United Nations and its affiliated organizations, including the International Atomic Energy Agency, the President shall, acting through the United States representative to such organizations, propose and actively seek the establishment by the governing authorities of such organizations of external, professionally qualified groups 294 of appropriate size for the purpose of providing an independent and continuous program of se lective examinations, review, evaluation, and audits 295 of the programs and activities of such organizations. Such proposal shall provide that such groups 294 shall be established in accordance with such terms of reference as such governing authority may prescribe and that the reports of such groups 294 on each examination,

(including assessed and audited local costs) for each such year. The President shall seek to assure that no contribution to the United Nations Development Program authorized by this Act shall be used for projects for economic or technical assistance to the Government of Cuba, so long as Cuba is governed by the Castro regime'

290 Subsec. (c) was amended by sec. 108(a) of the FA Act of 1969. It formerly read as follows: "(c) In determining whether or not to continue furnishing assistance for Palestine refugees in the Near East through contributions to the United Nations Relief and Works agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, the President shall take into account (1) whether Israel and the Arab host governments are taking steps toward the resettlement and repatriation of such refugees, and (2) the extent and success of efforts by the Agency and the Arab host governments to rectify the Palestine refugee relief rolls. Contributions by the United States for the fiscal year 1967 shall not exceed $13,300,000. No contributions under this subsection shall be made except on the condition that the United Nations Relief and Works Agency take all possible measures to assure that no part of the United States contribution shall be used to furnish assistance to any refugee who is receiving military training as a member of the so-called Palestine Liberation Army."

291 Subsec. (d) was added by sec. 110(a) of the FA Act of 1967.

292 This sentence was added by sec. 701(a) of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-533, 94 Stat. 3156).

293 Subsec. (e) was added by sec. 9(1) of the FA Act of 1973.

294 The reference to external groups was substituted in lieu of a reference to a single group by sec. 702(b) of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-533, 94 Stat. 3156). All other references in subsec. (e) to these groups were also made plural by sec. 702(b).

295 The reference to an audit was added by sec. 702(b) of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-533, 94 Stat. 3156).

review, evaluation or audits 295 shall be submitted directly to such governing authority for transmittal to the representative of each individual member nation. Such proposal shall further include a statement of auditing and reporting standards, as prepared by the Comptroller General of the United States, for the consideration of the governing authority of the international organization concerned to assist in formulating terms of reference for such review and evaluation groups. 294

(2) In the case of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the Asian Development Bank, the President shall, acting through the United States representative to such organizations, propose and actively seek the establishment by the governing authorities of such organizations professionally qualified groups of appropriate size for the purpose of providing an independent and continuous program of selective examination, review, evaluation, and audits 295 of the programs and activities of such organizations. Such proposal shall provide that such groups shall be established in accordance with such terms of reference as such governing authorities may prescribe, and that the reports of such groups on each examination, review, evaluation, or audit 295 shall be submitted directly to such governing authority for transmittal to the representative of each individual member nation. Such proposal shall further include a statement of auditing and reporting standards, as prepared by the Comptroller General of the United States, for the consideration of the governing authority of the international organization concerned to assist in formulating terms of reference for such review and evaluation groups.

(3) 296 [Repealed-1981]

(f) 297 The President is hereby authorized to permit United States participation in the International Fertilizer Development Center and is authorized to use any of the funds made available under this part for the purpose of furnishing assistance to the Center on such terms and conditions as he may determine.

(g) 298 It is the sense of the Congress that the President should instruct the appropriate representatives of the United States to the United Nations to encourage the specialized agencies of the United Nations to transfer the funding of technical assistance programs carried out by such agencies to the United Nations Development Program.

(h) 299 The President is authorized to permit the United States to participate in and to use any of the funds made available under this part after the date of enactment of this subsection for the purpose of furnishing assistance (on such terms and conditions as the

296 Par. (3), as added by sec. 9(1) of the FA Act of 1973 and amended by sec. 702(b)(6) of Public Law 96-533, was deleted by sec. 734(a)(1) of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-113, 95 Stat.1560). Par. (3) had required that the U.S. representatives to these international organizations submit any reports they received under this subsection to the President for transmittal to Congress and the Comptroller General. The Comptroller General was also directed to periodically review these reports and submit any appropriate suggestions to the Congress and the President.

297 Subsec. (f) was added by sec. 313(c) of Public Law 94-161, 89 Stat. 849.

298 Subsec. (g) was added by sec. 117(d) of the International Development and Food Assistance Act of 1978 (Public Law 95-424, 92 Stat. 953).

299 Subsec. (h) was added by sec. 311(a) of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-113, 95 Stat. 1560).

President may determine) to the International Food Policy Research Institute.

Sec. 302.300 Authorization.-(a)(1) There are authorized to be appropriated to the President $270,000,000 for fiscal year 1986 and $236,084,000 for fiscal year 1987 301 for grants to carry out the pur

300 22 U.S.C. 2222.

301 The amount $236,084,000 was substituted in lieu of the amount $275,000,000 by sec. 404 of Public Law 99-529, 100 Stat. 3010.

The authorization figures and earmarkings for fiscal years 1986 and 1987 were added by sec. 402(a) of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 (Public Law 9983, 99 Stat. 190).

Authorizations under sec. 302 during recent years included the following: fiscal year 1975$165,000,000; fiscal year 1976-$195,500,000; fiscal year 1977-$219,900,000; fiscal year 1978$252,000,000; fiscal year 1979-$285,450,000; fiscal year 1980-$267,280,000; fiscal year 1981$233,350,000; fiscal year 1982-$218,600,000; fiscal year 1983-$218,600,000; fiscal year 1984$266,214,000; fiscal year 1985-no authorization; fiscal year 1988-no authorization.

Congress did not enact an authorization for fiscal year 1989. Instead, the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1989 (Public Law 100-461, 102 Stat. 2268) waived the requirement for authorizations and appropriated the following for "International Organizations and Programs":

"For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of sections 301 and 103(g) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, and of section of the United Nations Environment Program Participation Act of 1983, $226, 115,000, of which $2,650,334 shall be made available for the Organization of American States which amount shall be in additions to funds earmarked elsewhere under this heading for that organization: Provided, That no funds shall be available for the United Nations Fund for Science and Technology: Provided further, That the total amount of funds appropriated under this heading shall be made available only as follows: $111,000,000 for the United Nations Development Program; $60,400,000 for the United Nations Children's Fund of which $3,000,000 shall be made available to UNICEF as funds in trust for the activities of Childhope or similar organizations to help homeless or street children: Provided further, That the funds made available for UNICEF (less amounts withheld consistent with section 307 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and section 526 of this Act) shall be obligated and expended no later than 30 days from the date of enactment of this Act: Provided further, That if the previous proviso has not been complied with, none of the funds appropriated by this Act remaining unobligated or unexpended at that time shall be obligated or expended until funds appropriated under this heading are made available to UNICEF (less amounts withheld pursuant to the previous proviso); $980,000 for the World Food Program; $1,500,000 for the United Nations Capital Development Fund; $800,000 for the United Nations Voluntary Fund for the Decade for Women; $200,000 for the United Nations International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of Women; $2,000,000 for the International Convention and Scientific Organization Contributions; $1,960,000 for the World Meteorological Organization Voluntary Cooperation Program; $22,000,000 for the International Atomic Energy Agency; $9,500,000 for the United Nations Environment Program; $800,000 for the United Nations Educational and Training Program for Southern Africa; $500,000 for the United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa; $110,000 for the United Nations Institute for Namibia; $650,000 for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species; $220,000 for the World Heritage Fund; $100,000 for the United Nations Voluntary Fund for Victims of Torture; $245,000 for the United Nations Fellowship Program; $400,000 for the United Nations Center on Human Settlements; $250,000 for the UNIDO Investment Promotion Service; $7,349,666 for the Organization of American States; and $2,500,000 for the International Fund for Agricultural Development: Provided further, That the Department of State shall provide a report to the Committees on Appropriations, not later than June 1, 1989, analyzing the effectiveness of the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) and detailing how UNEP has spent or intends to spend the funds appropriated under the heading. The State Department shall make this report immediately available to the Appropriations Committees: Provided further, That funds appropriated under this heading may be made available for the International Atomic Energy Agency only if the Secretary of State determines (and so reports to the Congress) that Israel is not being denied its right to participate in the activities of that Agency."

The Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriation Act, 1989, also provided the following:

"SEC. 505. None of the funds appropriated or made available pursuant to this Act for carrying out the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, may be used to pay in whole or in part any assessments, arrearages, or dues of any member of the United Nations.

"SEC. 526. Notwithstanding any other provision of law or of this Act, none of the funds provided for 'International Organizations and Programs' shall be available for the United States proportionate share for any programs for the Palestine Liberation Organization, the Southwest Af

Continued

« 이전 계속 »

도서