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(b) FURTHER STATEMENT OF POLICY.-It is the further policy of the United States to support Morocco's legitimate defense needs and to discourage aggression by any country in North Africa against another.

SEC. 812. FAILURE OF THE ETHIOPIAN GOVERNMENT TO RESPONSIBLY AMELIORATE FAMINE CONDITIONS.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that

(1) many thousands of Ethiopian people have suffered and died, and an additional ten million people are in danger of death, through starvation caused by prolonged drought;

(2) the Government of the United States has a continuing commitment to the emergency fund under title II of the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 (the Food For Peace Act);

(3) United States emergency food assistance for Africa in fiscal year 1985 is more than twice the amount provided in fiscal year 1984, and is the largest amount contributed by any single donor;

(4) the Ethiopian Government, as a client state of the Soviet Union, has considered the equipage and modernization of its five hundred thousand-person military organization more vital than alleviating the suffering of its people caused by drought;

(5) the Ethiopian Government has considered the funding of its military organization more vital than promoting a viable national agrarian policy;

(6) there is evidence that the Government of Ethiopia has used the drought- caused famine to induce cooperation from certain dedicated Ethiopians who seek to bring about fundamental changes in their country;

(7) the United States Government is concerned about the seizure by the Ethiopian Government of an Australian aid ship in an attempt to cut off food to its citizens in the northern regions, an area most severely stricken by famine; and

(8) the Ethiopian Government deems the appearance and status of its socialist system more worthy of attention than its citizens and agricultural policies in need.

(b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.-It is the sense of the Congress that

(1) the Government of Ethiopia should be condemned for failing in its responsibility to sufficiently ameliorate the severe drought and famine conditions throughout its agrarian countryside;

(2) the Government of Ethiopia should allocate more of its resources toward the development of a more balanced and effective agrarian system;

(3) human rights monitoring groups can be a positive force for human rights in Ethiopia and should be allowed to function and should be supported;

(4) the Government of Ethiopia should initiate a genuine policy of national reconciliation;

(5) the continued improvement of Ethiopia's treatment of the Ethiopian people and respect for human rights would better relations between the United States and Ethiopia;

(6) the President or his representatives should convey to Ethiopian officials the concerns of the Congress expressed in this section at every opportunity; and

(7) the President or his representatives should also convey these concerns of the Congress to the governments of United States allies and urge the cooperation of those governments in efforts to ensure a more responsible Ethiopian Government. (c) PROHIBITION ON IMPORTS AND EXPORTS.-(1) The President shall determine, within 30 days after the date of enactment of this Act, whether the Ethiopian regime is conducting a deliberate policy of starvation of its people and has not granted fundamental human rights to its citizens. The President shall submit that determination, and the basis for the determination, to the Congress.

(2) If the President determines that such a policy is being conducted and that such rights are not being granted, paragraph (3) shall take effect if the Congress enacts a joint resolution approving that determination.

(3) If the conditions specified in paragraph (1) and (2) are met— (A) goods and services of Ethiopian origin may not be imported into the United States; and

(B) except for emergency relief, rehabilitation, and recovery assistance, goods, and services of United States origin may not be exported (directly or indirectly) to Ethiopia.

(d) PROHIBITION ON ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE.-The President shall suspend all forms of economic assistance to the Government of Ethiopia. This section shall not be construed to prevent the furnishing of international disaster assistance under section 491 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 or economic assistance which will directly benefit people in accordance with section 116 of that Act. SEC. 813. ASSISTANCE FOR THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF MOZAMBIQUE.

(a) ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE.-The funds authorized to be appropriated for fiscal years 1986 and 1987 to carry out chapter 1 of part I (relating to development assistance) and chapter 4 of part II (relating to the economic support fund) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 that are allocated for bilateral assistance to the People's Republic of Mozambique shall be used solely for assistance to the private sector of the economy of Mozambique to the maximum extent practicable. To the maximum extent practicable, such funds shall be channeled to non-governmental entities in Mozambique.

(b) MILITARY ASSISTANCE.-(1) None of the funds authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 1986 or fiscal year 1987 to carry out chapter 2 of part II (relating to grant military assistance) or chapter 5 of part II (relating to international military education and training) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be used to provide assistance to the People's Republic of Mozambique unless the President makes the certification described in paragraph (2) before providing any such assistance for that fiscal year.

(2) The certification required by paragraph (1) is a certification by the President to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and to the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate that the Government of the People's Republic of Mozam

(A) is making a concerted and significant effort to comply with internationally recognized human rights;

(B) is making continued progress in implementing essential economic and political reforms, including the restoration of private property and respect for the right to engage in free enterprise in all sectors of the economy;

(C) has implemented a plan by September 30, 1986, to reduce the number of foreign military personnel to no more than 55; and

(D)(i) in the case of a certification with respect to assistance for fiscal year 1986, is committed to holding free elections at a date no later than September 30, 1986, and to that end has demonstrated its good faith efforts to begin discussions with all major political factions in Mozambique which have declared their willingness to find and implement an equitable political solution to the conflict, with such solution to involve a commitment to

(I) the electoral process with internationally recognized observers; and

(II) the elimination of all restrictions on the formation and activities of opposition political parties; and

(ii) in the case of a certification with respect to assistance for fiscal year 1987, held free elections by September 30, 1986.

TITLE IX-ASIA

SEC. 901. THE PHILIPPINES. 38

(a) DEMOCRACY IN THE PHILIPPINES.-It is the sense of the Congress that the United States should encourage the revitalization of democracy in the Philippines. To that end, the Congress affirms its intention to grant future aid to the Philippines according to the determination of the Congress that United States security interests are enhanced and sufficient progress is made by the Government of the Philippines in

(1) guaranteeing free, fair, and honest elections in 1986 and 1987, or sooner should any such elections occur;

38 Title II of the Foreign Assistance and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1987 (sec. 101(f) of Public Law 99-591, 100 Stat. 3341-221), provided:

"

"ECONOMIC SUPPORT FUND

"That not less than an additional sum of $200,000,000 shall be available only for the Philippines: Title I, Chapter V of the Urgent Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1986 (Public Law 99-349, 100 Stat. 726), further provided:

"SPECIAL ASSISTANCE TO THE PHILIPPINES

"ECONOMIC SUPPORT FUND

"For an additional amount for the 'Economic Support Fund', $100,000,000, to remain available until March 31, 1987: Provided, That this amount shall be available only for the Philippines: Provided further, That none of these funds may be available for obligation unless the Appropriations Committees of both Houses of Congress are previously notified fifteen days in advance.

"MILITARY ASSISTANCE

"For an additional amount for 'Military Assistance', $50,000,000, to remain available until March 31, 1987: Provided, That this amount shall be available only for the Philippines: Provided further, That none of these funds may be available for obligation unless the Appropriations Committees of both Houses of Congress are previously notified fifteen days in advance."

(2) ensuring the full, fair, and open prosecution of those responsible for the murder of Benigno Aquino, including those involved in the cover-up;

(3) ensuring freedom of speech and freedom of the press, and unrestricted access to the media on the part of all candidates for public office in the local and provincial elections of 1986 and the Presidential election of 1987;

(4) establishing the writ of habeas corpus and the termination of the Presidential Detention Action and all other forms of detention without charge or trial;

(5) releasing all individuals detained or imprisoned for peaceful political activities;

(6) making substantial progress in terminating extrajudicial killings by the Philippine military and security forces and the prosecution of those responsible for such killings in the past; (7) implementing structural economic reforms and strengthening of the private sector, including elimination of corruption and monopolies; and

a

(8) enhancing the professional capability of the Philippine armed forces and security forces (including the Philippine Constabulary and the Civilian House Defense Forces).

(b) PRIMARY PURPOSE OF UNITED STATES ASSISTANCE.-The Congress finds and declares that the primary purpose of United States assistance to the Philippines should be to maintain and foster friendly relations between the people of the Philippines and the people of the United States and to encourage the restoration of internal security, both of which goals can be best served by the achievement of an open and stable democracy.

(c) CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT.-The Congress, in determining future aid levels for the Philippines, will take into account not only our military bases agreement with that country, but also the extent to which the objectives and goals specified in subsections (a) and (b) have been implemented. The Congress may defer assistance for the Philippines under both chapter 2 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and the Arms Export Control Act if

(d)

(1) significant progress is not achieved with respect to the objectives and goals specified in subsections (a) and (b), or

(2) the Congress finds that such assistance is used to violate the internationally recognized human rights of the Filipino people.

* Repealed 1986.39

(e) NONLETHAL ASSISTANCE.-Assistance provided for the Philippines for fiscal year 1986 under the Arms Export Control Act or

39 Sec. 556 of the Foreign Assistance and Related Programs Appropriations Act (in sec. 101(f) of Public Law 99-591, 100 Stat. 334), repealed sec. (d). It formerly read as follows:

"(d) AMOUNTS OF Assistance. Of the amounts authorized to be appropriated for each of the fiscal years 1986 and 1987

"(1) to carry out the Arms Export Control Act (relating to foreign military sales financ ing), not more than $20,000,000 may be used for assistance for the Philippines;

(2) to carry out chapter 2 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1981 (relating to grant military assistance), not more than $50,000,000 may be used for assistance for the Philippines; and

"(3) to carry out chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1981 (relating to the economic support fund), $110,000,000 shall be available only for the Philippines."

under chapter 2, of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be nonlethal in character.

SEC. 903. DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN IN ASIA.

(a)

(b) ADDITIONAL STEPS TO HELP AMERASIAN CHILDREN.-The Congress finds that Amerasian children are currently the object of discrimination in the countries in Asia where they now reside. Therefore, the President shall report to the Congress on the quality of life of these children and on what additional steps, such as facilitating adoptions, the United States could take to enhance the lives of these children.

SEC. 904.4o ASSISTANCE FOR AFGHANISTAN.

(a) AUTHORIZATION.-The President may make available funds authorized to be appropriated to carry out chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (relating to the economic support fund) for the provision of food, medicine, or other humanitarian assistance to the Afghan people, notwithstanding any other provision of law.

(b) 41 EARMARKING OF FUNDS.-Each fiscal year, not less than $15,000,000 of the aggregate amount of funds available to carry out chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be available only for humanitarian assistance to the Afghan people pursuant to subsection (a) of this section.

(c) EFFECTIVE DATES.-This section shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act, except that subsection (b) shall not apply to fiscal year 1985.

SEC. 905. ASSISTANCE FOR THE CAMBODIAN PEOPLE.

The President may make available to the noncommunist resistance forces in Cambodia up to $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1986, and up to $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1987, of the funds authorized to be appropriated to carry out chapter 2 (relating to grant military assistance) or chapter 4 (relating to the economic support fund) of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, notwithstanding any other provision of law.

SEC. 906. PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN ASSISTANCE TO THE KHMER ROUGE. (a) PROHIBITION.-Notwithstanding any other provision of law, none of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act or any other Act may be obligated or expended for the purpose or with the effect of promoting, sustaining, or augmenting, directly or indirectly, the capacity of the Khmer Rouge or any of its members to conduct military of paramilitary operations in Cambodia or elsewhere in Indochina.

(b) DEOBLIGATION OF CERTAIN FUNDS.-All funds appropriated before the date of enactment of this section which were obligated

40 22 U.S.C. 2374 note.

41 Sec. 541 of the Foreign Assistance and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1987 (sec. 101(f) of Public Law 99-591, 100 Stat. 3341-236), provided:

"Not less than $300,000,000 of the aggregate amount of funds appropriated by this Act to carry out the provisions of chapter 1 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and chapter 4 of part II of that Act, shall be available for the provision of food, medicine, or other humanitarian assistance to the Afghan people, notwithstanding any other provision of law."

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