northwesterly direction for 4 miles to Cadena Point, forming Añasco Bay.

Several rivers empty on the eastern side of the bay, the largest of which is Añasco River, and their entrances show as breaks in the cocoanut groves. The northern part of the bay is somewhat foul for a distance of about 1 mile from shore, there being a number of shoals with 16 to 17 feet over them inside the 10-fathom curve; the lead gives little or nor warning in approaching them. A shoal with 5 feet or less makes out nearly 3% mile from the mouth of Añasco River, and thence it shelves off to 15 feet at a distance of nearly 5% mile from shore. Outer and Inner Manchas shoals lie from 114 to 24 miles offshore at the southern end of the bay, and are marked by buoys; they are described under Mayaguez Bay.

San Francisco Hills are a series of dome-shaped hills which slope upward from Cadena Point to Atalaya Peak. They are mostly cultivated, and have but few trees. The most readily identified is a hill, 151 meters (495 feet) high, which stands above the general line of the others. It is saddle-shaped, with the highest point eastward, and is a useful landmark for many miles southward (see Fig. 4).

Atalaya Peak, 1,184 feet high, is the western small knob or peak of the highest part of a short ridge which has about the same height as the peak. From the peak there is a decided slope to the lower hills which extend to Cadena Point. It is a useful landmark for many miles southward and westward (see fig. 4).

From Cadena Point the coast extends 414 miles north-northwestward to Point Jiguero, and is a narrow strip of lowland fringed with cocoanut trees, and backed by rolling hills. At Corsica a valley makes inland, at the head of which is Atalaya Peak. The coast is fringed with rocks and coral reefs to a distance of about 3% mile, and Peregrina Reef lies 5% mile from the shore at Cadena Point. When approaching the coast the depths change suddenly from 100 fathoms and over to 5 fathoms and less within 2 mile. The water is clear, and shoal spots can generally be seen in the daytime by a change in the color of the water. There is always a surf on the beach; places for boat landings can be found in ordinary weather, but it is dangerous in rough weather.

Peregrina Reef, with least depths of 8 to 14 feet, makes out obliquely from the shore southward of Corsica to a greatest distance of 5% mile southwestward of Cadena Point. The reef is in the form of a ridge, and its edge is steep-to. The lead can not be depended on to keep clear of it.

Corsica is a railroad station, 3 miles southeastward of Point Jiguero lighthouse. A building, painted red, just back from the beach is prominent. Vessels call for sugar and it is delivered to them in lighters.

Rincon is a village and railroad station on a slight indentation 14 miles southeastward from Point Jiguero lighthouse. Reefs, with 5 to 12 feet of water over them and steep-to at their outer edges, make out nearly 3 mile from the shore.

Point Jiguero, the western end of Porto Rico, is projecting and prominent. The end of the point is low and partly wooded, but at a distance of 600 yards from it the land rises quickly to rolling hills, 135 to 270 feet high, which extend southeastward, rising gradually

to Atalaya Peak, and are mostly cultivated to their summits. The lighthouse stands on the point about 60 yards from the water. It is a red octagonal tower on a stone colored flat-roofed dwelling, from which is exhibited a group flashing white light (three flashes every 15 seconds). A new lighthouse of concrete is under construction.

Desecheo Island lies in Mona Passage about 12 miles westward from Point Jiguero. It is 1 mile in diameter, 620 feet high, wooded, visible 30 miles or more in clear weather, and is one of the best landmarks for Mona Passage and the west coast of Porto Rico (see fig. 13). The island is not inhabited and there is no anchorage.

From Point Jiguero lighthouse the coast trends about east-northeastward for 7 miles to a little southward of the town of Aguadilla, and then trends about northward for 72 miles to Point Borinquen. From 1 to 2 miles southward of Point Borinquen the coast is low, rocky bluffs, backed by sloping highland. Beginning 2 miles southward of the point the coast is conical, wooded hills, 500 to 800 feet high, with patches of white rock showing near their summits. These hills extend south of Aguadilla to a large valley formed by the Culebrina River, and then trend inland along the north side of this valley. The town of Aguadilla is on a narrow strip of lowland at the foot of the hills, and shows for some distance seaward.

The range of high hills on the peninsula, of which Point Jiguero is the western end, is prominent, but except the point there is no distinctive feature that can be identified from northward. These hills are highest near the south side of.the peninsula for some distance eastward of Atalaya Peak. From Aguadilla to Point Jiguero, the coast is a sandy beach with cocoanut groves, and westward of Culebrina River is backed by low, wooded hills a short distance inland, and higher hills farther southward.

AGUADILLA BAY.

This bay is on the west coast of Porto Rico between Point Borinquen and Point Jiguero. It is exposed northward and westward, but with the ordinary easterly trade winds the anchorage off Aguadilla is smooth. A narrow bank of soundings, very steep-to, skirts the shore of the bay; the only dangers are said to be the sand bars, which extend about 400 yards off from the mouths of the streams on its south side.

Aguadilla is an important town on the east shore of the bay, 31⁄2 miles southward of Point Borinquen lighthouse. In 1920 the population was 8,035. It is a port of call for the coasting steamers, and foreign vessels call occasionally. Vessels discharge and load by means of lighters. Water can be obtained in casks from a large spring in the town. The town is on the railroad which runs between San Juan, Mayaguez, and Ponce.

Prominent features.-There is a cemetery at the north end of the town. South of it is a schoolhouse (two-story, gable-roofed, gray building, with red roof), and the old barracks (group of red buildings). The customhouse is a one-story, gable-roofed, gray building on the beach about the middle of the water front. Just north of it is a boat landing, without flooring, and south of it is a large sewer outlet with retaining wall. A little farther southward and back from the beach, near the foot of the hills, are the new church (red

roof and belfry) and old cathedral (yellow, with clock tower and belfry).

A pilot may be obtained by making signal.

Anchorage. The usual anchorage is with the customhouse bearing east distant about 400 to 800 yards, in 6 to 20 fathoms, according to size and swinging room required. If not sure of the customhouse, the yellow cathedral on an east-southeast bearing will lead to practically the same anchorage. At the anchorage the depths increase rapidly seaward, and the edge of the bank may drop off quickly to the 100-fathom curve, so that care is necessary in selecting an anchorage. A shoal makes off probably 200 yards or more from the point at the north end of the town between the schoolhouse and the cemetery. A shoal with 15 feet at its end extends 350 yards from the point 1/4 mile southward of the customhouse.

The anchorage is smooth during the ordinary easterly trades, but from November to March there is sometimes a heavy northerly wind and sea which are dangerous to vessels at anchor. There is always some surf, but landing is generally not difficult, except with northerly winds, when it is impracticable. The beach is sandy.

Quarantine.-National quarantine regulations are enforced.

DIRECTIONS, AGUADILLA BAY. The bay is open and clear, and the anchorage is easy of access in the daytime for both steamers and sailing vessels. At night there is usually little wind in the bay, and the town is dark and overshadowed by the high hills behind it, so that the anchorage is not easily made.

From northward.-Round Point Borinquen at a distance of 112 to 2 miles, and when the lighthouse bears 64° true (ENE mag.), distant 3 miles, steer 155° true (SSE mag.), giving the shore a berth of about 1 mile. When the yellow cathedral in the southern part of the town bears 110° true (ESE mag.), steer for it and proceed with care to the anchorage (see description preceding).

From southward.-Round Point Jiguero at a distance of 11⁄2 to 2 miles, and when the lighthouse bears 155° true (SSE mag.), steer for the northern part of the town, course 65° true (ENE mag.) for the former, and 70° true (ENE 12 E mag.), for the latter distance off Point Jiguero. Either course made good for 61/2 miles will lead to a position 1 mile off the town. Then steer for the customhouse on an 88° true (E % S mag.) course or for the yellow cathedral on a 110° true (ESE mag.) course, and proceed with care to an anchorage.

DIRECTIONS, WEST COAST OF PORTO RICO.

OFFSHORE.

Passing westward of all shoals. For vessels of the deepest draft. From a position 4 miles southward of Cape Rojo make good a 272° true (W 12 N mag.) course for 72 miles. Cape Rojo should then bear 64° true (ENE mag.), distant 812 miles. From this point make good a 325° true (NNW 7 W mag.) course for 151⁄2 miles. Desecheo Island should then bear 0° true (N 4 E mag.) and Buena Vista Hill 91° true (E % S mag.). This position is just outside the range of visibility of the lights at Mona Island and Cape Rojo, but if well above the deck they may be seen on a clear night; the former should