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Port Maunabo.

Pt. Tuna Lighthouse, NE. 3 E., 2 miles, Toro Pt.
FIG. 5.--PORT MAUNABO TO POINT YEGUAS.

Pt. Yeguas.

Cape Mala Pascua, ENE., 4 miles.

FIG. 6.--CAPE MALA PASCUA, FROM WESTWARD.

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Pascua, passes close to the south edge of the reef. The 100 fathom curve is close to the south side of the reef, and it is dangerous to approach. Its eastern part is awash, and the sea always breaks on it; a shoal with depths of 25 to 28 feet extends 1/2 mile east from its eastern end, marked by a can buoy. The middle part of the reef has little water on it, and there are patches awash on which the sea always breaks. Its western part has lumps with 17 feet and deeper water between, the western end lying from 12 to 2 miles southsouthwestward from Point Figuras lighthouse. A black can buoy marking the northern extremity lies 187° true (S by W mag.) from the lighthouse.

PORT ARROYO.

This is an open bay on the south coast of Porto Rico, lying on the west side of Port Figuras and about 27 miles eastward of Muertos Island. It is the anchorage for Arroyo, the port of Guayama, and is of some commercial importance. The port is exposed to all southerly winds. The prevailing southeast sea is always felt in the anchorage, although its force is somewhat broken by the outlying reef southward and southeastward of Point Figuras. Under ordinary conditions, vessels can discharge and load from lighters at the anchorage. The deepest draft of the vessels trading at the port is about 20 feet.

From Point Figuras the shore of the bay has a general northwesterly direction for about 11⁄2 miles, and then curves to a general westsouthwesterly direction for 514 miles to Point Ola Grande. The land bordering the bay is a low strip from 12 to 2 miles wide, on which are a number of sugar mills, and is bounded on the north by the foothills of the mountains, which rise abruptly. From Arroyo to Point Ola Grande the shore is fringed with reefs and shoals to a distance of 3/4 to 1 mile in places. Mareas Reef and two 3-fathom patches southeastward are marked by a bell buoy.

Arroyo is a village of 3,025 population on the shore about 1 mile westward of Point Figuras. It is the port for Guayama, with which it is connected by a good road, and is the site of the customhouse. All goods are discharged and loaded by means of lighters.

Guayama, 31⁄2 miles northwestward of Arroyo and 2 miles inland, is the principal town in the southeastern part of Porto Rico. There are machine shops here, and small repairs to machinery can be made in case of necessity. It is on the highway which follows the coast from Ponce eastward, and there is another highway from Guayama inland to Cayey, where it connects with the highway across the island between Ponce and San Juan. The town has communication by telegraph and telephone and is the terminus of a railroad from Ponce.

The town of Guayama is high and can be seen for some distance offshore. The large church in the town has at its western end two square towers, and on its eastern end a cupola, and is prominent. A large warehouse, with loading chutes on the seaward side, is located 1 mile westward of the water front of Arroyo, adjacent to the beach.

A prominent grey brick chimney is near the beach south of Guay

ama.

Entrance range.-Range Hill is a distinct, isolated, sharp, conical hill, 3 miles northward from Point Figuras lighthouse. This hill in line with two iron stacks, close together, about 1 mile northward of Arroyo, leads in deep water from outside to the anchorage, course 14° true (N by E 5% E mag.) (see fig. 7). A tall red water tank shows up to the eastward of the range.

Channels. The principal entrance to the bay is from southwestward, passing westward of Guayama Reef. A number of spots with 26 to 30 feet over them were found in this approach, and the bottom is irregular.

There is a passage from eastward between Point Figuras and Guayama Reef, which is used by the smaller vessels, but is not recomn.ended for strangers. At its narrowest point southward of the lighthouse, the channel is a little over 3% mile wide. It is marked by buoys.

Pilot. There is a pilot at Arroyo.

Anchorage.-Vessels loading or discharging anchor as close in as their draft will permit, taking care to keep about 6 feet under the bottom. Depths of 26 to 30 feet will be found on the line of the entrance range, about 1/4 mile southeastward of the black buoy.

Landing. There is always a little surf on the beach, and some care should be used in selecting a landing place as there are rocks in places. The lighters land near the customhouse. A good place for boats to land, when there is not too much sea, is just eastward of the customhouse and inside a ledge awash which lies about 50 feet from shore. DIRECTIONS, PORT ARROYO.-These directions are good for vessels of 20 feet or less draft to an anchorage off Arroyo.

Approaching from the eastward.-Passing 3 miles or more southward of Point Figuras lighthouse, steer 268° true (W % N mag.) until Range Hill bears 14° true (N by E 5% E mag.). Then steer for Range Hill on this bearing with the two black iron stacks in line and stand in to an anchorage. Anchor on the range about 400 yards east-southeastward from the black buoy, Point Figuras lighthouse bearing 74° true (ENE % E mag.) in 26 to 28 feet of water. At night, keep 3 or more miles southward of Point Figuras light and steer 268° true (W 1 N mag.) until it bears 32° true (NE % N mag.). Then steer 0° true (N 3 E mag.) until it bears 43° true (NE 1% E mag.), and then steer for it, using the lead. Anchor with the light on this bearing and Arroyo bearing about north, in 5 to 6 fathoms, and wait for daylight to go closer in; the light will then be distant 1 to 111⁄2 miles. Safety will be insured by keeping in a depth of over 5 fathoms, with the light bearing northeastward.

From the westward.-Give the coast westward of Arroyo a berth of about 3 miles, and steer for Cape Mala Pascua, bearing northward of east-northeast until Range Hill bears 14° true (N by E 5% E mag.) Then steer for Range Hill on this bearing, and stand in on the entrance range to the anchorage as directed above. At night, keep Point Tuna light open from Cape Mala Pascua, and when Point Figuras light bears 43° true (NE % E mag.) steer for it, using the lead. Anchor with Point Figuras light on this bearing and Arroyo bearing about north, in 5 to 6 fathoms, and wait for daylight to go closer in. Safety will be insured by keeping in a depth of over 5 fathoms, with the lighthouse on the above bearing.

JOBOS HARBOR.

This harbor is on the south coast of Porto Rico, its entrance lying 14 miles eastward of Muertos Island lighthouse and the same distance westward of Point Figuras lighthouse. It is a good anchorage in a hurricane, and the large central (sugar mill) at Aguirre gives it some commercial importance. Steamers of about 20 feet or less draft, with care, can enter the harbor to an anchorage off Aguirre; a draft of 222 feet has been taken out. Sailing vessels have some difficulty in entering, as the prevailing wind is ahead in standing up the harbor, and there is no room in the channel for beating.

The harbor is formed by Point Pozuelo and a chain of several groups of islands which lie from 1/2 to 1 mile from shore. The main entrance is between Morrillo Islet, and the eastern end of Ratones Islands, and is nearly 34 mile wide. From its entrance the harbor bends sharply to about east-southeast for 2 miles, narrowing gradually in this distance to a width of about 1/2 mile between Puerca Island and the middle of Barca Islands. Beyond this point the harbor has an average width of about 1 mile, and extends northeastward and then northward for about 2 miles to Point Rodeo and Aguirre Central. Here the harbor again bends eastward, and extends about 2 miles to its head with an average width of about 3⁄44 mile.

The shores and islands are low, but all are covered with a thick growth of brush and mangroves and show well. The north shore, from a point abreast of the entrance to Point Colchones, is formed by numerous islands, the southernmost called Puerca Island, among which sloughs make inland for short distances. There are two wooded hills near Aguirre, which are prominent and readily identified from eastward or westward but not from southward.

Caribes Islands, extending nearly 1 mile southwestward from Point Pozuelo, are numerous wooded islands separated by narrow strips of water. A reef awash extends along the southeast side of Caribes Islands, its western end lying 700 yards south-southwestward from the western end of the group.

Boca del Infierno is about 400 yards wide between the reef extending from Caribes Islands and that extending nearly 1/4 mile eastward from Barca Islands. There is a depth of 11 feet on the bar across the entrance. It breaks with a heavy sea, and is used by small local craft only.

Barca Islands are the southern group of the chain on the south side of Jobos Harbor. They are 15% miles long in a west-northwesterly direction, and are numerous, good sized, wooded islands, separated by narrow strips of water. A reef, awash and steep-to, extends along the southern side of the islands and 1/4 mile eastward of them. The western end of Barca Islands is separated from Pajaros Island by a passage 300 yards wide with depths of 14 to 15 feet.

Pajaros Island is wooded, and 700 yards long in a northwesterly direction. A reef, awash and steep-to, fringe its southern side and extends 200 yards westward of it. The passage between the reef of Pajaros Island and that of Morrillo Islet is about 350 yards wide with depths of 17 to 33 feet.

Morrillo Islet, small and wooded, lies a little over 1/2 mile westnorthwestward from the west end of Pajaros Island, and nearly 34

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