in the same wichecraftez, onless your highness' favor and due ponysshment be the sooner atteyned and had in this behalfe."

We all know that the practitioner of magic had a sorry time of it when brought under the influence of the law, and Patriche concludes his prayer for the personal redress which he sought in the Star Chamber, by reminding the defendants of the penalties to which their conduct had rendered them liable. As, he says, it is "ageyn the laws of God and of your highness that any person shall use and exercise any inchauntement, sorcery, or wichecraft, or in any manerwise (sic) practice nygramansi," he prays that the king's writ of subpoena may be granted against Nasche and Lamkyn, commanding them to appear in the Star Chamber and answer for their misdoings.

So far as we are aware, Lamkyn alone made answer. His reply shows him to have been a no less respectable member of society than the town grammar-school master. Havyng," he says, "resonable knowleg in the sciens of gramer," he had, at the time of the robbery, and long before, been resident in Holbeach, "there teching and instructyng chyldren in the sciens of gramer, and having his lyvyng by the same." Very soon after the robbery a "fame and report was made to the churchwardens, and other "substanial" and honest persons of the town, that Edmund Nasche was "an expert man in the knowleg of thynges stolen," by reason of which he, Lamkyn ("havyng gret part of hys lyvyng by the comfort and relefe of the said inhabitantes, and beyng moche desirous to have knolege of suche persones as comytted the said robbery," so that punishment might be inflicted upon them), at the request of Henry Elman and Richard Gibson, the two churchwardens of Holbeach, and divers other of the principal people of the place, went to "Circitter" and visited Nasche, "demandyng of hym what knowlege he cowde tell of the seyd robbery, shewyng to hym a payer of gloves of lether which were founde in the revestry of the said churche immedeatly after the said robbery was knowen to be done." After this Nasche "caused an instruction to be made in wrytyng of suche circumstaunces as he (Lamkyn) cowde tell as to the said robbery, and delivyred the same to this defendant, whiche he browt home and delyvered and shewyd to the said cherchewerdenz, and to dyverse other honest inhabitaunts of the same parishe." He then denies in toto the charges brought against him, as to the possession of any supernatural power, and adds that since the robbery he has taken the greatest pains to gain information which might lead to the arrest of the robbers. He admits that Patriche is suspected of complicity in the robbery, though he is unable to say if he had been definitely accused of it; but he "cannot perceave" that he has lost any friends by this suspicion, since he still "hath good helpe and assistence"-words which almost imply that he was about to be charged with being concerned in the robbery.

It will be noticed that Lamkyn makes no direct statement of opinion one way or the other as to Patriche's guilt; his object was, of course, simply to clear himself of the charge of being a practitioner of magic, or one who would avail himself of the aid of the black arts as a means of ascertaining the truth on an obscure point, and thus, in detecting crime, commit it. The judgments of the Court of Star Chamber at this period are, so far as we know, not extant, and so we do not learn the outcome of this singular action, which would shed an interesting sidelight on the social history of the time, if it was seriously held that John Lamkyn was a magician, and not merely a town busybody, and that Edmund Nasche was a sorcerer, and not merely a clever

detective.

1957. THE PRESERVATION OF THE FAIRFORD WINDOWS.-(See No. 1888.) The work of restoring the roof of the church of St. Mary, at Fairford, is now being proceeded with-a committee, including Sir Michael Hicks-Beach, M.P., Earl Bathurst, Lord De Mauley, Lord Sherborne, and others, having been appointed to supervise the important work. The twenty-eight famous painted windows of the church have been long in jeopardy, owing to the unstable condition of the roof and walls. A curious thing connected with these windows-which, though attributed by several writers to Albert Durer, are now thought to be English work of the sixteenth century-is the fact that fragments of the glass have been taken away at various times, and are in the hands of collectors and manufacturers in different parts of the country. Mr. Carbonell, the vicar, is very desirous that those detached portions shall be restored, if possible, to the windows, where they can be traced.-Daily Graphic, January 29, 1890.

1958. THE PATRONAGE OF PAINSWICK VICARAGE. — (See No. 1932.) Having met with a copy of the Gloucester Gazette for Friday, Jan. 23, 1795, I have made an extract :-" On Friday last the poll for the election of a vicar of Painswick in the room of Mr. Moseley was finally closed, when the numbers were Mr. Fearon, 944; Mr. Palmer, 693; Mr. Wallett, 63; Mr. Ellis, 22; majority in favour of Mr. Fearon, 251. By title deeds belonging to the advowson it appears that the vicar shall be elected by the inhabitants, the chiefest, or the discretest of them; and as many doubts had arisen as to the qualifications of voters, the churchwardens very prudently divided the inhabitants into the following classes inhabitants not parishioners, inhabitants and parishioners, housekeepers, payers to the church and poor rates, and persons who had received relief from the parish. It is rather remarkable, that upon the casting up the churchwardens' books, it appeared that Mr. Fearon had a considerable majority in each class. The number of the payers to the church and poor rates who voted

during the election were 181, and out of this number 107 were for Mr. Fearon." An aged man told me that those contests were degrading, and a disgrace to the Church and religion.

The following paragraph appeared in the Gloucester Journal, May 4, 1839:-The perpetual advowson and next presentation to the vicarage of Painswick was sold pursuant to advertisement on the 19th of April. We understand it was knocked down to Mr. Biddle, of Stroud, at the low sum of £2,530. H. Y. J. T.

1959. THE REV. THOMAS CONOLLY COWAN.-(Reply to No. 1935.) I have an 8vo pamphlet, dated September 5, 1817, and entitled Rev. T. C. Cowan's Address to the Parish of Saint Thomas, Bristol; being "a Brief Account of the Reasons which have induced the Rev. T. C. Cowan, (late of Trinity College, Dublin [B.A. 1798],) to secede from the Established Church, addressed to those who composed his congregation, while he officiated in the Parish Church of Saint Thomas, Bristol." The subject is not one for discussion in our pages; but if F. A. H. wishes to see the pamphlet, he can have a loan of it with pleasure. EDITOR.

1960. THE GLOUCESTERSHIRE SOCIETY IN LONDON.—(See No. 1942.) In reply to Mr. John Mills as regards the curious model of George Ridler, I may add to his account, that under the beer barrel block is inscribed "C. Manning, Sculptor," and upon the plinth, "Published as the Act directs, 1803." There is also a written certificate pasted on the underside of the model, stating as follows, "Designed and executed by Chas Manning, Sculptor, 25, Lower Thornhaugh Street, Bedford Square, London." It is a fine specimen of modelling, and cannot be contemplated with indifference by any one who loves such works of art. The whole composition is characteristic; the burley form of George Ridler represents vigour and motion in the turn of the figure when praising his dog, which has laid down a hen at his feet; and all the details are exquisitely wrought and finished. This interesting model was in my late brother William's collection of antiquities and curiosities. It is now in my possession, and can be seen by those who wish. 13, Prince Street, Gloucester. G. ARMSTRONG HOWITT. 1961.-DERIVATION OF "GRUMBALD'S ASH."-Can you tell me what is the derivation of the name of our hundred of Grumbald's Ash? R. S. T.

1962.-PRONUNCIATION OF THE NAME "BERKELEY."-What may be the correct pronunciation of this old and well-known name? QUERIST. 1963.-WHITTINGTON FAMILY.-In Canon Robert Cole's Rental of the Houses in Gloucester, A.D. 1455, edited by W. H. Stevenson,

and issued under the authority of the Corporation of Gloucester in 1890, there is the following entry, p. 46:-"Prior Lanthon[iae] tenet omnia illa domos et aedificia cum suis pertinentiis a dicta uenella de Abbeylone usque ad uiam communem et processionalem ibidem iuxta cancellum Ecclesiae Sancti Nicholai et tenementa Ricardi Whitynton, domini de Staunton," etc. What connection between this Ricardus Whitynton, lord of Staunton, and Richard Whittington, who was lord mayor of London in 1397, 1406, and 1419, and whose arms have been described by Burke, in the General Armory, as-Gu. a fesse componée, or and az.; in the dexter chief an annulet of the second?

H. Y. J. T.

1964. FERDINAND PENINGTON.-On a gravestone, formerly on the floor at the entrance of the Lady chapel, St. Mary Redcliffe, was this inscription:-M.S. | Bridget Jones, of this City, Widow, died May the 5th, 1733, aged 70. | Sarah, her daughter, the wife of William Oliver, died July the | 15, 1741, aged 45. | William Oliver, Merchant, died August the 22nd, 1746, aged 52. | Sarah, his daughter, and relict of Ferdinand Penington, Merch, died Feb. 25th, 1790, aged 67.

Is anything known of these persons, particularly of Penington? To what family did he belong? When did he die? He was president of the Dolphin Society in 1757. His arms, on a bookplate, were, Or five fusils in fess azure; crest, A wild cat, passant, reguardant; and motto, Vincit amor patriæ.

di The gravestone further bore the names

Bridget, the wife of Will: Dyer, | died October 4th, 1792, aged 66. William Dyer, obt 26th Jan, 1805, aged 83.

Long Burton, Sherborne, Dorset.

C. H. MAYO.

1965. CHARLETON FAMILY. - The following occurs in the Gentleman's Magazine:-"At Bristol, Mr. Brown, one of the Minor Canons of that Cathedral, to Miss Charlton, daughter of the late Dr. Charlton, physician. Married 22 March, 1792." what church did this marriage take place? I shall be glad to know the full names of the persons married.

In

In a copy of the Sherborne Journal, in Feb., 1807, it is announced:"Monday se'nnight [i.e., 9 Feb., 1807,] died in Bristol, Mrs. Charlton, widow of Dr. Charlton, of Bath; a lady of exemplary piety and charity. She was sister to the late Sir James Wright, and aunt to the present, and likewise an aunt to Sir J. Durbin." What was the full name and parentage of this lady? and where was she married?

C. H. MAYO.

It is proposed to print records, and indexes and calendars to records, which relate exclusively to Gloucestershire, under the editorship of W. P. W. Phillimore, M.A., B.C.L. The series will be issued quarterly, uniform in size and style with the publications of the British Record Society. Annual subscription, 10s. 6d. We refer our readers to the accompanying circular for further information, and recommend the undertaking as worthy of their liberal support.

BOOKS FOR REVIEW.

It is intended to issue, with each alternate part, as heretofore, some pages of critical notices of recent publications. With this in view, books, etc. (to be sent to the Editor, 26, Meridian Place, Clifton, Bristol), are desired; and they will receive, with as little delay as possible, a careful consideration. Works in any way connected with the civil or ecclesiastical history of Gloucestershire or the neighbouring counties particularly welcome.

NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS.

Gloucestershire Notes and Queries" is a good medium for literary and oici suitable advertisements, which will be received by the Editor. As the space is limited, an early communication is recommended. The work is published quarterly; and to secure the insertion of an advertisement in the forthcoming part, it will be well to forward particulars not later than the 1st of March, June, September, and December, respectively. Advertisements of patent medicines and such like will not be accepted on any terms.

Scale of charges:-page (same size as circular), 1; half-page, 125.; quarterpage, 6s. 6d.; inch, 5s.; half-inch, 2s. 6d.-in good legible type, well displayed, and across the page.

BOOKS FOR SALE.

A very few copies of each of the following:

1. Brief Sketches of the Parishes of Booterstown and Donnybrook, in the County of Dublin; with Notes and Annals. Four Parts. Dublin, 1860-74. Sm. 8vo, pp. viii. 488. In neat cloth binding, price 55., post-free.

2. Monumental Inscriptions in the Parish Church of Cheltenham. Privately printed. London, 1877. 4to. Price 3s. 6d., post-free.

Application to be made to the Rev. B. H. Blacker, 26, Meridian Place, Clifton, Bristol. No copies of the Charlton Kings Inscriptions now on hand.