and battle-fields; to lakes, rivers, wells, etc.; and to many local traditions and stories of a miscellaneous character. The author is not aware, he says, of any similar collection with reference to his native county. He has availed himself of almost every variety of source of information." He acknowledges his especial obligations to Dixon's Stories of Craven Dales, and to several local weekly journals. The collection has been growing under his hand for several years, but has by no means exhausted the field. Should a reading public appreciate his present effort of bringing sheaves together, another wainload of the same sort, already gathered, will probably be sent forth in due time. We trust he will do so. He has produced a very good and entertaining book, having gleaned much that probably without him would have been left to sink into oblivion, if not to perish; and we heartily wish him every encouragement to persevere.

An Account of the Church and the City of London.

Parish of St. Giles, without Cripplegate, in By John James Baddeley, Churchwarden. London: J. J. Baddeley. 1888. Royal 8vo, pp. vi. 220.

This volume, which is one of a class of works we are at all times ready and glad to welcome, came too late to be noticed on the last occasion; but we have drawn attention to it in a recent part of Notes and Queries, when showing a connection of the church and parish of St. Giles in times past with Gloucester, of which many of our readers in all probability were not aware. We referred at some length to Bishop Pritchett and Bishop Fowler, both of whom held the vicarage of St. Giles along with the bishopric of Gloucester. We proceed now to notice this Account of the Church and Parish of St. Giles, which has been drawn up from various authorities by Mr. Baddeley, while holding the office of churchwarden; it has likewise been published by him, and, as may be well to mention, is sold for the benefit of the funds of the Metropolitan Dispensary and the Cripplegate Pension Society. He has indeed set a noble example to others similarly situated. "This compilation," he tells us, " arose from my desire to follow in the footsteps of many churchwardens of St. Giles, Cripplegate, in doing something more lasting for my fellow-parishioners than could be done by merely performing the routine duties of the office. I have also further objects in view, first, to benefit two of our useful charitable institutions with the proceeds derived from the sale of the book, and secondly, what is perhaps of more importance, to endeavour to arouse in some of my neighbours in Cripplegate an interest in, and a desire to serve, their ancient church and parish . . . . Though the title is An Account of the Church and Parish,' no attempt has been made to deal in detail with the many notable and historic characters once resident therein, nor to treat of the domestic or trade history of the parish. Those curious in such matters may be referred to the excellent volume on the subject, published in 1883, by the late Rev. W. Denton. I have contented myself with giving a general outline only of the state of the parish, paying more particular attention to the history of the church, and of the officials and others connected with it, as found in the parish records. The extracts from these have been left, as far as possible, to tell their own tale." Such is a brief statement of what Mr. Baddeley proposed to himself to do.

Many men of note have found a resting-place within the church of St. Giles, and in the volume before us their monuments have been described in an interesting chapter, pp. 73-108. For example, John Fox, author of the Book of Martyrs, lies buried in the chancel, and at the north-west end of the building there is a large stone slab with a Latin inscription to his memory. A further inscription recently cut on the stone states that he was for some time vicar of the parish; but this should be erased, as no warrant can be found for such a statement. Robert Glover, an "indefatigable searcher after antiquities," was buried there April 13, 1588. Sir Martin Frobisher is another to be mentioned. He died at Plymouth, where "his entrails were interred,"

but "his corpse was carried hence to be burried in London; and as the past year (1888) was the tercentenary of the defeat of the Spanish Armada, the vestry thought it an opportune time for placing a memorial in the church to one who had played such a gallant part in that great struggle. The remains of John Speed, author of The History of Great Britaine under the Conquests of ye Romans, Danes, and Normans, likewise rest there. But of all the monuments in the church, that of John Milton possesses the greatest interest. The memorial shrine is in the south aisle, directly facing the north door, and beneath its canopy is a bust giving a striking likeness of the poet, the work of John Bacon, and the gift of Samuel Whitbread, head of the great brewing firm in Cripplegate, and a respected member of the House of Commons.

As an exceedingly good specimen of a parochial history, we have great pleasure in recommending Mr. Baddeley's ́volume, which is enriched with many engravings, and has a good index.

The Descent, Name, and Arms of Borlase of Borlase, in the County of Cornwall. London: George Bell & Sons; Exeter: William Pollard & Co. 1888. 8vo, pp. viii. 208.

Having for some time past looked forward to the appearance of this volume, we have now the pleasure of introducing it to our readers. No author's name is on the title-page, but as stated elsewhere, it is the work of Mr. William Copeland Borlase, whose genealogical researches have been very extensive, and, in the case of his own family, most complete.

In the course of the work, as he tells in his perface, the history of his family is traced from father to son in the main line, as well as in several of its branches, for six or seven centuries, during which there has not been a great movement affecting the English people in general, whether in war, or in commerce, or in religion, in which some member, each in his generation, has not been more or less prominently engaged. If the history of other families was similarly hunted up, a like fact would be manifested in a degree in the case of each. Some little time has elapsed since the first pages were printed in The Genealogist; and since then Mr. J. H. Greenstreet (to whom is due the very curious discovery of the truth of a mere tradition handed down in the family, that they bore the French name Taillefer before they assumed the name of their Cornish estate) has made a further find which clears up another tradition, that they acquired the Borlase property from William Rufus. In the Pipe Rolls (No. 129, temp. Edw. I.), under "Lanhider" and "Penwith," occur in juxta-position the names of William Barlas, John Ruphus, Thomas Cosyn, Richard Coswyn, and again John "Rufus " twice repeated. Mr. Greenstreet is therefore of opinion that, considering this connection together with the tradition, it is very probable that there really was a grant from a William Rufus, though not the King, who would scarcely have been called Rufus in any such instrument, even if it is at all likely that one would have been in existence at the time when Sir Edward Bysshe speaks of it.

The volume is a very valuable addition to the family history of Cornwall, and will no doubt have a much wider circulation than the list of subscribers

might lead one to suppose. Two exhaustive indexes have been added, an index of persons, and another of places. Messrs. Pollard and Co. have done their part right well, the printing and illustrations being of a high order. We have carefully examined the volume, and having derived much pleasure and instruction therefrom, we recommend others to do the same.

The Journal of the Royal Historical and Archæological Association of Ireland. Vol. VIII.-Fourth Series. Nos. 75 and 76. July and October 27, 1888. Dublin: Hodges, Figgis, & Co. 1888. Royal 8vo, PP. 347-472.

We have pleasure in directing attention in this part of the kingdom to the last two numbers of the abovenamed Irish periodical, of which, since the

formation of the "Kilkenny Archeological Society" in 1849, seventeen portly volumes have appeared. The proceedings of the “Royal Historical and Archæological Association of Ireland," as its present name implies, are on a much wider scale than was the case forty years ago; and judging from the zeal and ability of many of its members, and from the high quality of most of the papers supplied from time to time for publication, we anticipate a long-continued and successful career. In the two quarterly numbers under review there are several highly interesting papers, which, however, we are unable to notice in detail; and the illustrations are numerous and appropriate. Mr. Burtchaell's paper, headed "Theobald Wolfe Tone and the College Historical Society," at once arrested our attention, chiefly from what is therein mentioned of the late George Miller, D.D., subsequently Vicar-General of Armagh, and the well-known author of Modern History Philosophically Illustrated and many other publications.

Virginia Cousins: a Study of the Ancestry and Posterity of John Goode, of
Whitby, a Virginia Colonist of the Seventeenth Century, etc.
By G.
Brown Goode, with a preface by Robert A. Brock, Secretary of the
Virginia and Southern Historical Societies. Richmond, Va.: J. W.
Randolph & English. 1887. 4to, pp. xxxvi. 526.

In this handsome quarto we have the happy result of twenty-four years of assiduous research, and of the employment of every discoverable source of information, by one of the most accomplished naturalists of the present day; the volume being, in fact, a rich treasury of knowledge in history, genealogy, and social life. Its merit "in careful investigation and in conscientious statement," as Mr. Brock has remarked in the preface, "is manifest, as is, most appealingly, its comprehensiveness in historic incident and reminiscence. I do not recall any similar work so fully freighted with interest. A correspondence of years with Prof. Goode, and the privilege of perusal of the proofs of the work, as printed, have made me sensibly cognizant of its inestimable value, and of his just and admirable system of preparation. appendix of armorial bearings of Virginia families and references to genealogical authorities, novel as they are in their presentation, will be of great value to the genealogist."

His

The author, as already observed, is a most accomplished naturalist; and it has been noted that the tastes of the naturalist are in many respects akin to the tastes of the antiquary. In America "some of the best family histories have been prepared by naturalists and philologists." In proof of this assertion, Mr. Brock has adduced the names of Prof. B. A. Gould, Dr. W. C. Redfield, Prof. Elias Loomis, Dr. John C. Warren, Prof. Alexander Winchell, Dr. W. H. Prescott, Prof. Lyman Coleman, Chancellor Walworth, and Noah Webster. Benjamin Franklin, as we are likewise reminded, begins his autobiography with the remark, "I have ever had a pleasure in obtaining any little anecdotes of my ancestry," and gives a long account of his genealogical researches at Ecton in Northamptonshire, the residence of his forefathers for three centuries. Sir Isaac Newton, in his sixty-third year, wrote out with his own hand a genealogical account of his family, with directions that the registers of certain parishes should be searched from the beginning to the year 1650, and "extracts be taken by copying out whatever may be met with about the family of the Newtons without omitting any of the words." And De Witt Clinton, naturalist as well as statesman, in his discourse before the New York Historical Society, December 6, 1811, made a strong plea for the usefulness of genealogy.

The work, though modestly styled "a study" by its author, is of a most comprehensive character, for there is scarcely a family of any duration in Virginia of which some record, more or less, may not be found in its pages. The names of those mentioned are far too many in number to allow them to be specified in this notice. "In 1700 there were estimated to be 80,000 white people in the South-Maryland, Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia—and

170,000 people in the North. In 1880 there were living east of the Rocky Mountains in the South 14,000,000 white people of American birth, in the North about 28,000,000, of whom at least 4,000,000 were descended from ancestors living in southern colonies, for, contrary to common belief, Ohio, Indiana, and Southern Illinois owed much the larger share of their original settlers to Virginia, and not to New England and New York."

To the student of Virginia and Southern history and genealogy Virginia Cousins is indispensable, nor should the general student neglect or slight its importance. Much to interest and instruct will be found in it even by the superficial reader. The system which the author has employed, is simple and easily understood. He furnishes a full list, not only of the printed and manuscript sources of Virginia family history, but of the families who have used, or are entitled to use, coat armour. There is an appendix giving various lines of royal descent of the GOODES. The book is illustrated with fifty-two portraits, head and tail pieces, cuts of arms, etc. And the index is

particularly full, including every name from cover to cover. In a word, the only matter to be regretted is, that the edition has been limited to 350 copies. There must be a large demand for such a work, and though another edition will undoubtedly be called for, the author fears that his time is so fully occupied with professional studies and official duties, it will not be in his power to undertake its publication.

Abstract of the Proceedings of the Virginia Company of London, 1619-1624. Edited, with an introduction and notes, by Robert A. Brock, Corresponding Secretary and Librarian of the Virginia Historical Society. Vol. I. Richmond, Va.: Published by the Society. 1888. 8vo, pp. xlviii. 218.

The subject-matter of this volume was prepared from the records in the Library of Congress by the late Mr. Conway Robinson, in or about the year 1856; it forms Vol. VII. of the new series of "Collections of the Virginia Historical Society; and thanks to the ability and untiring energy of our friend Mr. Brock, by whom it has been edited, it is a very valuable publication. The great use of the " Proceedings of the Virginia Company of London" towards a due knowledge of the planting of the first of the American commonwealths, as he has remarked, must be patent to every reader. Although highly useful excerpts from them were some years ago presented by the Rev. Edward D. Neill, D.D., in his works illustrative of the early history of Virginia, it is believed that the abstracts now offered will be found a most acceptable supplement to his labours; and inasmuch as they were prepared by a legal scholar of singular discernment, it may be confidently asserted that they comprehend all desirable details. To Mr. Robinson, be it remembered, the Society is indebted for a signal devotion to its interests, which ceased only with his life. We look forward with pleasure to the appearance of the second volume.

The Bookworm: an Illustrated Treasury of Old-Time Literature. Vol. I. London: Elliot Stock. 1888. 8vo, pp. 420.

During the past year we have derived no small amount of pleasure from the monthly publication of The Bookworm: the twelve numbers have now re-appeared in a volume, and in a more convenient form for reference on a great variety of topics connected with old-time literature. Some lines by Mr. Andrew Lang serve as an excellent introduction. On a former occasion, p. 87, we gave a long extract on "The Knockout system," a system which, we regret to say, is adopted by some most respectable tradesmen in various branches of business, and which certainly should be brought within the meshes of the law; and we gladly take this opportunity of bringing the matter again before our readers. In these days of reform such a system should have a

prominent place on the list of abuses to be abolished. We might make many more extracts with advantage, but think it well to forbear. To Mr. Elliot Stock we are indebted for a very useful volume, the harbinger, we trust, of many of the same style and character.

By-Ways in Book-Land. By Wm. Davenport Adams. London: Elliot Stock. 1888. 12mo, pp. viii. 224.

Here we have another specimen of Mr. Elliot Stock's well-printed publications. It consists of "short essays on subjects more or less closely connected with books, the writer, as he himself tells us, for the most part dealing with small subjects in an unelaborate manner. He leaves the highways of literature, and strays into the fields and lanes, picking here a flower and there a leaf, and not going far at any time. He wanders at haphazard into paths which have attracted him, and along which, he hopes, the reader may be willing to bear him company. We advise our readers to accept his kind invitation.

Gilds: their Origin, Constitution, Objects, and Later History. By the late Cornelius Walford, Barrister-at-Law. London: George Redway. 1888. 8vo, pp. xii. 272.

This being a posthumous publication, allowance must be made for defects attributable to the author's deeply lamented death. "After my husband's death," as Mrs. Walford has written in her preface to the volume, “in going through the mass of incomplete material gathered together for the various works on which he was engaged, I found that the MS. relating to History of Gilds' (then being published monthly in the Antiquarian Magazine) was in a very forward state.. ...Eventually I decided, with the help of my husband's cousin, Mr. Edward Walford, in whose magazine, as before stated, the enlarged reprint of Gilds' was being published, to finish the work from the material which I had in hand, with as little alteration or addition as possible. This has now been done, and these few words must be my apology for the somewhat abrupt conclusion of the work. The last chapter written entirely by my husband contained the completion of the Gilds of Somerset '— Chapter XLII."

64

A glance at the table of contents will show at once what a large amount of information is contained in the forty-five chapters into which the volume has been divided. Under the head of Gilds of Gloucestershire," chap. XXVI., pp. 109-112, we find particulars of the gilds of Chipping Sodbury, Dyrham, and Gloucester; the author stating that the gilds in this county have been varied in character, and that he notices such of them only as present some special feature. In chap. XLII., pp. 224-233, under "Gilds of Somersetshire," we find, with one of Taunton, these six of Bristol :-1. Gild of the Kalendaries; 2. Merchant Gild; 3. Mariners' Gild; 4. Merchant Tailors' Gild; 5. Gild of the Fullers; and 6. Gild of the Ringers. This is not the place to enter into any detailed account of these old institutions; but we must observe that they have been strangely misplaced in the volume. “It may be well," we wrote in Notes and Queries, vol. iii., p. 311, "to note that some of the gilds of this county [of Gloucester] have been wrongly placed under 'Somersetshire' in one of the very interesting articles on The History of Gilds,' written by the late lamented Mr. Cornelius Walford, and lately published in Walford's Antiquarian, vol. viii., pp. 76-80. The mistake was brought at the time under Mr. Walford's notice, and he promptly replied, not many days before his death, in these terms:-I am bound to tell you frankly that the placing the Bristol gilds under Somersetshire' is a pure piece of inadvertence. I assume that in arranging my materials I followed the late Mr. Toulmin Smith (but am not sure of this), and placed them in this order; and after I had passed Gloucestershire' it became too late to remedy the