V. The fick and wounded fhall be continued under the care of their own furgeons, and be fupplied with medicines and fuch neceffaries as are allowed tofthe British hofpitals. -Answer. Granted. VI. The officers of the army and navy fhall keep their horfes, fwords, piftols, and baggage, which fhall not be fearched, and retain their fervants.-Anfwer. Granted, except with respect to the horses, which will not be allowed to go out of town, but may be difpofed by a perfon left from each corps for that purpose. VII. The garrifon fhall, at an hour appointed, march out with fhouldered arms, drums beating, and colours flying, to a place to be agreed on, where they will pile their arms. Anfwer. The whole garrifon fhall, at an hour to be appointed, march out of the town to the ground between the works of the place and the canal, where they will depofit their arms. The drums are not to beat a British march, or colours to be uncafed. VIII. That the French conful, his houfe, papers, and other moveable property, fhall be protected and untouched, and a proper time granted to him for retiring to any place that may afterwards be agreed upon between him and the commander in chief of the British forces.-Aniwer. Agreed with this refriction, that he is to confider himself as a prifoner en parole. IX. That the citizens fhall be protected in their perfons and properties.-Aufwer. All civil officers, and the citizens who have borne arms during the fiege, must be prifoners on parole; and, with refpect to their property in the city, fhall have the fame terms as are granted to the militia; and all other perfons now in the town, not defcribed in this or other articles, are notwithstanding understood to be prifoners on parole. X. That a twelvemonth's time be allowed ali fuch as do not choose to continue under the british government to difpofe of their effects in the state without any moleftation whatever, or to remove fuch part thereof as they choose, as well as themselves and families, and that during that time they, or any of them, may have it at their option to refide occafionally in town or country.-Anfwer. The difcuf fion of this article of courfe cannot poffible be entered into at present. XI. That the fame protection to their perfons and properties, and the fame time for the removal of their effects, be given to the fubjects of France and Spain, as are required for the citizens in the preceding article.-Antwered. The fubjects of France and Spain fhall have the fame terms as are granted to the French conful. XII. That a veffel be permitted to go to Philadelphia with the general's dispatches, which are not to be opened-Answer. Granted; and a proper vefiel with a flag will be provided for that purpose. All publick papers and records must be carefully preferved, and faithfully delivered to fuch perfons as fhall be appointed to receive them. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS то CORRESPO NDENT S. THE great attention and labour bestowed on the map that is to accompany the papers of our correfpondent Periplus, made it impoffible for the engraver to deliver it in time: the plate is finished, but it must have been worked off wet, if it bad been given this month. The manuscript is printed, and confequently the whole will appear in next month's Magazine. The poetry from our friend W. S. is come to hand. The letter from Bern in Switzerland is under confideration. J. Delafield's printed inclofure is inadmiffible. The fong and epitaph from T. E. in our next. Aljo the Rural Prospect, by J, A. if we can poffibly find room. All our other correfpondents will find their favours either inferted or acknowledged in our next; but the great length of the account of the late difturbances in London bas neceffarily obliged us to poftpone many articles, 312 A Narrative of the ftill unfinished Voyage, undertaken by Order of Government, in his Majefty's Ships the Refolution and Discovery, under the Command of the late Captain Cook, and now pursuing by Capt. Clerke, for the Discovery of a North Eaft Paflage from America to Europe 307 DESTRE and PLEASURE. An allegorical Dialogue Effays on various Subjects, No. XIX. 314 On the Knowledge of Mankind, and the Danger of following the Multitude ib. Portraits of a Bachelor and Married Man 317 Reflexions on the Advantages of Polite318 Lord Loughborough's Charge to the Grand Jury of Surry, on opening the Commission for the Trial of the Rioters 320 nels PARLIAMENTARY HISTORY. Debates in the Houfe of Commons On the Duke of Richmond's Moibid. 329 tion -On Sir George Yonge's Motion ibid. On Mr. Burke's Bill Debates in the Houfe of Lords ibid. ibid. 330 ibid. 323 338 A NEW, ACCURATE, and EXTENSIVE CHART of the DISCOVERIES made by the late CAPTAIN JAMES COOK, and other European Navigators. Neatly engraved by KITCHIN. LONDON, printed for R. BALDWIN, at No. 47, in Pater-nofter-Row. Of whom may be had complete Sets, from the Year 1732 to the prefent Time, ready bouad, and stitched, or any fingle Volume to complete Sets. PRICES 1780. of STOCKS, &c. in J UL Y, India India South Se, South Sea, NavyB. bonds. Stock New An. Difc. Tick. Lottery Scrip., Omai. Excheq Wind. Weath. Prem. Bills. at Deal London 1113 5 675 Days Bank Stock. 3 per C. reduced 3 per C. 3 per C. Lon. A. Short An. India confols 1758 1778. Stock Ann. 10 7 13 11 / 13 5 6 76 5 676 1/ II 13 13 13 11 13 0 76 3 0 76 11 13 4 6 79 653 이 76 군 S W S W SW 3 75 AVERAGE PRICES of GRAIN, by the Standard WINCHESTER Bufhel. Wheat. Rye. Barley. Oats, Beans. s. d. 1. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. Wheat. Rye. Barley, Oats. Beans, d. s. d. s. d. d. South Wales 37 3 2 6 Scotland o Ο 2 0 2 8 20 2 7 2 I 1 2 2 1 THE LONDON MAGAZINE, FOR JULY, 1780. THE HYPOCHONDRIACK. No. XXXIV. ST. JEROME. "In difputing with any one, he wifhed rather to inftruct than to overcome." I T is the fashion with fome people to talk with difrefpect of the ancient Fathers of the church. But this must be owing either to ignorance or want of candour; or, to exprefs myself in milder terms, to their not being acquainted with the writings of these holy fages, or having a prejudice against them because they are holy. When a man has duely confidered any propofition, and feels his mind firmly fettled with regard to it, he may pronounce his opinion with a decent confidence; nay, I think it is his duty to do fo; for to borrow one of the fentences of our copy-books at the writingfchool," Zeal in a good caufe is commendable;" and that caufe is good to a man, which appears to him to be good, after a fair enquiry. Truth would not be established upon a folid basis were men indifferent in maintaining their opinions. I therefore avow myfelf to be one who venerates the Fathers, in whom, though they are to be fure peculiarities, and even fometimes what feem to be weaknesses, I find an elevation of thought, and a mild propriety, which cannot fail to edify every one who is willing to be improved. Pere Bonhours, the French critick, has collected and published a pocket volume of their aphorifms, under the title of Penfees Ingenieufes des Peres de L'Eglife. The motto of this paper is a part of the excellent character which St. Jerome has drawn of Nepotien, nephew of Heliodorus the Bishop. It is indeed a panegyrick prefented to an uncle of high dignity after the death of a nephew in holy orders, who is reprefented as having attained to an uncommon degree of perfection. I am however inclined to receive it as juft. Perhaps one is in fome measure influenced by the ftriking and folemn views which the painters have upon every occafion given us of St. Jerome. But the fanctity of his manners, and the weight of his writings, muft ever give authority to every thing which we are fure has come from his pen. The habit of difputing with good temper, and a with rather to inftruct than overcome, which St. Jerome ascribes to Nepotien, is perhaps as rare a quality as is to be found; and for want of this there can be no doubt that mankind do not make near fo good a progrefs in knowledge and virtue as they otherwife might do. Pride and vanity, open or disguised, have fuch a predominance in almoft every human being, that a difpute is for the most part a conteft for fuperiority, which ends in refentment. Without making allowance for different opportunities of acquiring information, and different degrees of application to particular ftudies, which may be accidental, and imply no advantage in one man over another, people who view a fubject in different lights are apt to take an inftant alarm, as if their judgement and understanding were called in quef tion. Inftances of this are fo frequent, that I am perfuaded none of my readers will deny the juftice of the remark; for, indeed the violence of difputation is not confined to thofe who have knowledge or judgement to decide upon fubjects or confequences; but it is to be found amongst the most ignorant and ftupid. Accordingly, the phrafe for fcolding is taken from thofe whom I had almoft called brutish animals in human thape, the fishwomen; and fo we talk of Billingate language. Where fubjects have been treated in the form of dialogue, as in Dialogues of the Dead, or in dialogues between imaginary perfons, we find that calmPp z nefs nefs of temper, which would be fo admirable in difputants. For in thefe performances one perfon dictates all that is faid, and as he takes care that his own opinion fhall prevail, he is only pleafed with his own ingenuity, while he raifes arguments against it. We cannot to be fure expect altogether fuch a calmnefs where different perfons are really concerned; yet I fhould think there might be a great deal more, if people were fufficiently attentive. An acquiefcent difpofition, which makes people from that politenefs which is calculated merely for cafe, be willing to allow whatever is faid in company to pafs without any enquiry or animadverfion whatever, is not a difpofition which will lead to much intellectual improvement. But the manner of enquiring and animadverting is what I am now confidering. A certain degree of pride and vanity, or fuch an opinion of one's felf as produces an unwillingness to be infulted even by acknowledged fuperiority, is a laudable fpirit; and there is therefore no reafon to blame thofe who cannot bear to have their opinions treated with contempt. There is a lawful refiftance in the mind of man against the tyranny of his fellow creatures in every way, though he may be willing to yield to authority, as is humouroufly faid in the play, we do not like to do any thing 66 upon compulfion." An appearance of haughty force will make us refufe even what is agreeable. There is a' good story told of a gentleman, who, without any happiness of temper had unluckily much of it in his voice and tone, and manner. One day at dinner, with a stern look, and brandishing his knife and fork, he called out, "Who won't eat roast beef?" Another worthy gentleman who was one of the company, and took this to be a defiance and threatening, anfwered with a determined felf-fatisfaction, "I won't."Well then, fir (faid the other) will you pleafe to have fome mutton ?" It is thus in opinions. A man may be exceedingly well inclined to learn and very open to conviction. But he will not have a propofition crammed down his throat; and therefore, thofe who have it fincerely at heart, that their opinions fhould be received by others would do well to confider how neceffary it is to ftudy the art of conciliation, and like that eminent divine whom St. Jerome celebrates, to wish to inftruct rather than to overcome. The defire of overcoming is not only an obftruction to the propagation of truth, but contributes to diffeminate errour. A Goliah in argument will take the wrong fide merely to display his prowefs, and though he may not warp his own understanding, which is fometimes the cafe, he will probably confound that of weaker men. It has been faid of fome of the moft pernicious perverters of human opinion, that their motive was to fhow their talents in fophiftry. They might with lefs guilt have fhown their dexterity in stealing. How agreeable and improving would the converfation of well-informed and thinking perfons be, if their conftant with were the benevolent purpose of inftructing. If instead of rudely or cunningly endeavouring to extinguish one another's lights, they would fairly join them, and thus at once illuminate themfelves, and diffufe knowledge to all around them. ERRATUM. In the Hypochondriack, No. XXXIII. p. 246, col. 1. l. 37, for omit, r. admit. LECTURES ON MODERN HISTORY. LECTURE VIII. (Continued from our laft Magazine, page 276.) THE death of Edward the Martyr THE was a fatal blow, which almost overfet the monks, to whom he was blindly attached. Dunstan their great patron, endeavoured to parry it, by offering the crown to Edgitha, a natural daughter of Edgar; but that princess dreading the vengeance of the ambitious and cruel Elfrida, prudently refufed the proferred dignity; upon which, the erafty prelate, with oftenfible loyalty, but fecret reluctance, placed the crown on the head of Ethelred, by the ftyle and title of King Ethelred II. This ceremony was performed at Kingston, on the 14th of April, in the year 979, the young monarch being then only in the thirteenth year of his age. It does not appear that his mother, who had perpetrated fo horrid a crime, to placehini on the throne, had any fhare in the government; on the contrary, it is faid, that |