estipulação, como se tivessem sido expressamente declaradas no presente Tratado. XII. Em tudo o que for relativo ao carregamento e descarga dos Navios, e á segurança das proprie dades, mercadorias e effeitos dos Subditos de cada huma das Duas Altas Partes Contractantes, os Subditos respectivos gozaráo da segurança, favores, e isenções concedidas á Nação mais favorecida; poderaõ dispor livremente de suas propriedades por venda, troca, doação, testamento ou de qualquer fórma, sem que se lhes ponha obstaculo, ou impedimento algum, as suas casas propriedades, e effeitos, serão protegidos, e respeitados, e não serão tomados contra sua vontade por Authoridade alguma, sem prejuizo todavia da marcha legal da Justiça; serão isentos de todo o serviço Militar de terra ou de mar, de qualquer outro serviço Pubiico; de todo o emprestimo forçado, e de todos os impostos ou requisições Militares, e não serão sujeitos a pagar alguma imposição ordinaria maior que as que pagão, ou vierem a pagar os Subditos da Nação mais favorecida. XIII. Cada huma das Duas Altas Partes Contractantes terá o direito de nomear Consules Geraes, Consules, e Vice-Consules, que residiráō nos Portos ou Cidades dos Estados da outra, para a protecção do Commercio: mas antes de exercerem suas funcções, deverão ser admittidos, e approvados na forma do estilo pelo Go de toute autre Stipulation quel conque, comme si elles avaient été expressément déclarées dans le présent Traité. XII. En tout ce qui est relatif au chargement et déchargement des Navires et à la sûreté des propriétés, marchandises et effets des Sujets de chacune des deux Hautes Parties Contractantes, les Sujets respectifs jouiront de la sûreté, des faveurs et des exemptions concédées à la Nation la plus favorisée; ils pourront disposer librement de leurs propriétés par vente, 'troc, donation, testament ou de toute autre manière, sans qu'il leur soit mis obstacle ou empêchement quelconque; leurs maisons, pro. priétés et effets seront protégés et respectés et ne seront point saisis contre leur gré par une Autorité quelconque, sans préjudice toutefois de la marche légale de la Justice; ils seront exempts de tout service Militaire de terre ou de mer, de tout autre service public, de tout emprunt forcé et de tous impôts ou réquisitions militaires, et ils ne seront assujettis à payer aucune imposition ordinaire plus élevée que celles que payent ou viendraient à payer les Sujets de la Nation la plus favorisée. XIII. Chacune des deux Hautes Parties Contractantes aura le droit de nommer des Consuls-Généraux, Consuls et Vice-Consuls, qui résideront dans les Ports ou Villes des Etats de l'autre, pour la protection du Commerce; mais avant d'exercer leurs fonctions, ils devront avoir été admis et approuvés, dans les formes d'usage, par le Gou verno, junto ao qual devem residir. Elles gozaráō em hum e outro Paiz, tanto para suas pessoas, como para o exercicio de suas funcções, e protecção que devem aos seus Nacionaes, dos mesmos privilegios, que são, ou forem concedidos aos Consules da Nação mais favorecida. XIV. Sua Magestade oImperador do Brasil concede aos Subditos de Sua Magestade o Imperador d'Austria o privilegio de poderem ser Assignantes das Alfandegas do Brasil, com as mesmas condições e seguranças dos Subditos Brasileiros. E por outra parte se ajustou em que OS Subditos Brasileiros gozaráō nas Alfandegas Austriacas de todos os favores, quanto as Leis e Regulamentos o permittirem. XV. O presente Tratado de Commercio e Navegação terá seu pleno o inteiro effeito pelo tempo de 6 annos, a contar da data da troca das Ratificações. XVI. As Ratificações do presente Tratado serão trocadas em Vienna no espaço de 9 mezes, ou antes se for possivel, contados do dia da Assignatura. Em testemunho do que, Nós abaixo assignados Plenipotenciarios de Sua Magestade o Imperador do Brasil, e de Sua Magestade o Imperador d'Austria, em virtude dos nossos respectivos Plenos Poderes, assignámos o presente Tratado com os nossos punhos, e lhe fizemos pôr os Sellos das nossas Armas. vernement près du quel ils doivent résider. Ils jouiront dans l'un et dans l'autre Pays, tant pour leurs Personnes que pour l'exercice de leurs fonctions et la protection qu'ils doivent à leurs Nationaux, des mêmes privilèges, qui sont ou seraient accordés aux Consuls de la Nation la plus favorisée. XIV. Sa Majesté l'Empereur du Brésil concède aux Sujets de Sa Majesté l'Empereur d'Autriche le privilège d'être signataires aux Douanes du Brésil, avec les mêmes conditions et sûretés que les Sujets Brésiliens; et il est convenu d'autre part que les Sujets Brésiliens jouiront dans les Douanes de l'Autriche de toutes les faveurs compatibles avec les Lois et réglemens existans. XV. Le présent Traité de Commerce et de Navigation aura son plein et entier effet pendant le terme de 6 Ans, à compter de la date de l'échange des Ratifications. XVI. Les Ratifications du présent Traité seront échangées à Vienne dans l'espace de 9 mois, ou plutôt si faire se peut, à compter du jour de la Signature. En foi de quoi les Plénipotentiaires respectifs l'ont signé, et y ont apposé le Cachet de leurs Armes. Feito em Vienna, aos 16 dias do mez de Junho, do Anno do Nascimento de Nosso Senhor Jesus Christo, de 1827. (L.S.) REZENDE. (L.S.) METTERNICH. Fait à Vienne le 16 Juin, l'an de Grace 1827. (L.S.) METTERNICH. (L.S.) REZEnde. MESSAGE of the Government, on the Opening of the Legislature of the Province of Buenos Ayres. 14th June, 1828. SENORES, (Translation) THE Government of the Province of Buenos Ayres sees with the greatest satisfaction the Opening of the Seventh Legislative Assembly: at this moment are realized the hopes conceived on the first days of the Revolution; therefore it presents itself with the fullest confidence to salute the honourable Representatives, and to give a faithful account of the affairs confided to its direction; nevertheless, it is not possible to do so with the same minuteness as heretofore, the War having paralyzed a portion of the means of interior improvement; and for this reason, it can only speak of the most important points, as far as the actual state of the Country will permit. Internal tranquillity has been the first object to which it directed its attention, satisfied that without that we should be contemned by the World, and be the derision of our Enemies. Past experience has not been sufficient to convince us, that the formation of a State is subjected to the general laws of nature, in which nothing can arrive at perfection except slowly and progressively. The Government, acting upon this principle, applied itself to the extinction of discord, and the re-establishment of the quiet of the interior under whose shade alone can flourish the real interests by which the Nation must be hereafter united; it has the satisfaction to announce to you, that the result has corresponded with its hopes, and that reason has rarely obtained a triumph so easy and rapid in the midst of so much agitation. The Government has cause to congratulate itself in the naming of the Deputies who have acted in a negotiation so important; the Provinces, in addition to having withdrawn their arms from Civil War, have given them a more noble direction, and have named Representatives to form a Convention in the City of Santa Fé, which will probably have the good fortune to lay the foundation of the national happiness. The Negotiations for Peace with His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil still continue, and there are well founded hopes that the day is not far distant in which the War will terminate satisfactorily; notwithstanding which, the Government, sensible that honor is the vital principle of Nations, continues to support it at every sacrifice, until Peace can be realized; and it hopes that should necessity require it, you will with pleasure make every necessary sacrifice. The Nations of our Continent continue to give us proofs of their good wishes, and Great Britain constantly renders us the good offices of a true friend. The Officers and Forces by land and sea have displayed great constancy and bravery, and have obtained considerable advantages, which recommend them to the respect and gratitude of every good Citizen. When it appeared that the War was at a stand, and that the Armies of the two hostile Powers faced each other without either being able to advance, an intrepid Chief, with a handful of Argentines, has recovered our old Possessions of the "Missiones Orientales;" his Force has been there increased, and the joy evinced by the Inhabitants in returning to the bosom of the Republick, sufficiently proves the absurdity of Conquest; the expedition from the North, now marching to the same point, when united to the said Force, will form a respectable Army, the expense of which is inconsiderable, and which can easily combine its operations with the main Army, and will prove the symbol of the concord and enthusiasm of the Provinces. The Militia of the City and the Country, which had been almost dissolved, and in a state of nullity, has been reorganized, and performs important services, enabling the troops of the line to be placed on the frontiers, and wherever their presence may be called for in the Foreign War. The new line of frontier is established-this undertaking, as desirable as it is important, commenced under the most auspicious circumstances. The Indians, with whom the Government continues the measures of peace and conciliation with the most happy effects, will no more commit depredations with impunity, and the immense acquisition of Territory has doubled the guarantee of the Publick Debt, so that this burthen may be taken off in a short time if it be found necessary. But the most important is, that in this establishment we have occupied the interesting position of White Bay (Bahia Blanca) which is surrounded with commodious harbours, agricultural land, and extensive woods: its maritime coasts abound with fisheries and some Ports, enabling us to have hereafter a respectable Marine, which will be the shield of the Republick. The communication with Chile by land from the same point is short and convenient; and the navigation of the Red River (Rio Colorado) will perhaps afford a more easy exportation of the produce of some of the interior Provinces. The Government has ordered the land to be surveyed, and the most proper place to be pointed out whereon to erect a City, to be called the New Buenos Ayres; the importance to which it is likely to arrive, gives it a claim to so glorious a title. The zeal manifested in this undertaking by all those charged with the execution of it, deserves the highest praise. Owing to the stagnation of our Foreign Commerce, that of the interior has rapidly increased, especially those capitals that have been applied to agricultural purposes, Labourers being abundant owing to the cessation of the impressment. The establishment of Publick Grammar Schools for Children in the City and Country required, at the same time, particular attention; the Government took this subject into consideration, and, having placed at the head of the Schools an Individual who is well known for his philanthropy, the desired effect has been produced. Private Colleges and houses of education have begun to be established; the Government encourages, by every means, this species of industry, the most useful for the Country, and hopes that, in a short time, it will not be necessary for Youths, in seeking the treasures of science, to cross the Seas, with the danger of losing those sentiments which can alone be cultivated in their Native Land. The Ladies of the Benevolent Society have shown, in the present Year, how much the Nation is indebted to them for their assiduous efforts to promote education. The Publick Schools continue in the same state: that of San Miguel has improved. The works at the Cathedral Church, and on the high road to Ensenada, and the Canal of San Fernando, are nearly completed. Many Country Towns have been assisted with Funds to repair their Churches, or to build new ones; and until, in process of time, our Laws and habits shall have been improved, a new Prison will be established for the confinement of. Debtors. The Hospitals, especially that for the reception of Females, receive considerable improvements: the Government thus endeavouring to alleviate the sufferings of the unfortunate. The important establishment for vaccination has been augmented, and its utility has never been more felt than at this moment, for whilst the neighbouring Provinces are visited by the terrible scourge of the small pox, it has scarcely been seen in this City, and the Government has put in practice every means entirely to eradicate it. The liberty of the press has of late been greatly abused: some ill advised Persons have carried its licentiousness to such an extent, as to bring discredit upon the Country among Foreign Nations, where it is not possible to know that such productions create here only contempt for their Authors. The Law of the 8th of May has, in a great measure, suppressed this licentious writing, and publick opinion will by degrees lead to its extirpation. The administration of Justice requires a change, from which considerable advantages may be expected; the Government will have the honour of submitting this matter for your consideration. Of all our domestic wants, none is more urgent, than that of fixing in a certain positive manner, the basis of the National Bank; this establishment at present requires the strongest guarantees; and to obtain them it will be only necessary to act with prudence. As the Province of Buenos Ayres has provided exclusively the |