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belligerent shall restore to such American vessels and American citizens reciprocal liberty of commerce and equal facilities of trade; or the President may direct that similar privileges and facilities, if any, enjoyed by vessels or citizens of such belligerent in the United States or its possessions be refused to vessels or citizens of such belligerent; and in such case he shall make proclamation of his direction, stating the facilities and privileges which shall be refused, and the belligerent to whose vessels or citizens they are to be refused, and thereafter the furnishing of such prohibited privileges and facilities to any vessel or citizen of the belligerent named in such proclamation shall be unlawful; and he may change, modify, revoke, or renew such proclamation; and any person or persons who shall furnish or attempt or conspire to furnish or be concerned in furnishing or in the concealment of furnishing facilities or privileges to ships or persons contrary to the prohibition in such proclamation shall be liable to a fine of not less than $2,000 nor more than $50,000 or to imprisonment not to exceed two years, or both, in the discretion of the court.

In case any vessel which is detained by virtue of this Act shall depart or attempt to depart from the jurisdiction of the United States without clearance or other lawful authority, the owner or master or person or persons having charge or command of such vessel shall be severally liable to a fine of not less than $2,000 nor more than $10,000, or to imprisonment not to exceed two years, or both, and in addition such vessel shall be forfeited to the United States.

That the President of the United States is hereby authorized and empowered to employ such part of the land or naval forces of the United States as shall be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act. (Sept. 8, 1916, sec. 806.)

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The master or person having the charge or command of any vessel bound to a foreign port, shall deliver to the collector of the district from which such vessel is about to depart, a 1 manifest of all the cargo on board the same, and the value thereof, by him subscribed, and shall swear to the truth thereof; whereupon the collector shall grant a clearance for such vessel and her cargo, but without specifying the particulars thereof in the clearance, unless required by the master or other person having the charge or command of such vessel so to do. If any vessel bound to a foreign port departs on her voyage to such foreign port without delivering such manifest and obtaining a clearance, as hereby required, the master or other person having the charge or command of such vessel shall be liable to a penalty of five hundred dollars for every such offense. (R. S. 4197; Apr. 29, 1902. See act of June 15, 1917, Title V, sec. 4.)

Master's Oath.

The oath to be taken by the master or commander of the vessel shall be as follows:

District of

I, (insert the name), master or commander of the (insert the denomination and name of the vessel), bound from the port of (insert the name of the port or place sailing from) to (insert the name of the port or place bound to), do solemnly, sincerely, and truly swear (or affirm, as the case may be) that the manifest of the cargo on board the said (insert denomination and name of the vessel), now delivered by me to the collector of this district, and subscribed with my name, contains, according to the best of my knowledge and belief, a full, just, and true account of all the goods, wares, and merchandise now actually laden on board the said vessel, and of the value thereof; and if any other goods, wares, or merchandise shall be laden or put on board the said (insert denomination and name of vessel) previous to her sailing from this port, I will immediately report the same to the said collector. I do also swear (or affirm) that Î verily believe the duties on all the foreign merchandise therein

1 Vessel's manifest.

specified have been paid or secured, according to law, and that no part thereof is intended to be relanded within the United States, and that if by distress or other unavoidable accident it shall become necessary to reland the same, I will forthwith make a just and true report thereof to the collector of the customs of the district wherein such distress or accident may happen. So help me God. (R. S. 4198; Apr. 29, 1902. See act of June 15, 1917, Title V, sec. 4.) Form of Outward Manifest.

The form of the report and manifest to be delivered to the collector shall be as follows: (R. S., 4199; Apr. 29, 1902.)

Report and manifest of the cargo laden at the port of master, bound for

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Before a clearance shall be granted for any vessel bound to a foreign port, the owners, shippers, or consignors of the cargo of such vessel shall deliver to the collector manifests of the cargo, or the parts thereof shipped by them respectively, and shall verify the same by oath. Such manifests shall specify the kinds and quantities of the articles shipped respectively, and the value of the total quantity of each kind of articles; and the oath to each manifest shall state that it contains a full, just, and true account of all articles laden on board of such vessel by the owners, shippers or consignors, respectively, and that the values of such articles are truly stated, according to their actual cost, or the values which they truly bear at the port and time of exportation. And before a clearance shall be granted for any such vessel, the master of that vessel, and the owners, shippers, and consignors of the cargo, shall state, upon oath, to the collector, the foreign port or country in which such cargo is truly intended to be landed. The oaths shall be taken and subscribed in writing. (R. S. 4200; Apr. 29, 1902. See act of June 15, 1917, Title V, sec. 4.)

Form of Clearance.

The form of clearance, to be granted to a ship or vessel on her departure to a foreign port or place, shall be as follows:

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1 Shippers' manifests or export declarations.

State Inspection Laws.

The collectors and other officers of the customs shall pay due regard to the inspection laws of the States in which they may respectively act, in such manner that no vessel having on board goods liable to inspection shall be cleared until the master, or other proper person, shall have produced such certificate that all such goods have been duly inspected, as the laws of the respective States may require to be produced to collectors or other officers of the customs. (R. S., 4202; Apr. 29, 1902.)

Manifests in Alaskan and Insular Trades.

The provisions of sections four thousand one hundred and ninetyseven to four thousand two hundred, inclusive, of the Revised Statutes of the United States, requiring statements of quantity and value of goods carried by vessels clearing from the United States to foreign ports, shall be extended to and govern, under such regulations as the Secretary of Commerce shall prescribe, in the trade between the United States and Hawaii, Porto Rico, Alaska, the Philippine Islands, Guam, and its other noncontiguous territory, and shall also govern in the trade conducted between said islands and territory, and in shipments from said islands or territory to other parts of the United States: Provided, That this law shall not apply in the Philippine Islands during such time as the collectors of customs of those islands are under the jurisdiction of the War Department. (Apr. 29, 1902.)

Bullion and Coin.

All vessels belonging to citizens of the United States, and bound from any port in the United States to any other port therein, or to any foreign port, or from any foreign port to any port in the United States, shall, before clearance, receive on board all such bullion, coin, United States notes and bonds and other securities, as the Government of the United States or any department thereof, or any minister, consul, vice-consul, or commercial or other agent of the United States abroad, shall offer, and shall securely convey and promptly deliver the same to the proper authorities or consignees, on arriving at the port of destination; and shall receive for such service such reasonable compensation as may be allowed to other carriers in the ordinary transactions of business. (R. S., 4204.) Live-Oak Timber.

Collectors of the collection-districts within the States of Florida," Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, before allowing a clearance to any vessel laden in whole or in part with live-oak timber, shall ascertain satisfactorily that such timber was cut from private lands, or, if from public lands, by consent of the Department of the Navy. (R. S., 4205.)

Fees.

Previous to a clearance being granted to any vessel, outward bound, the legal fees which shall have accrued on such vessel shall be paid at the offices where such fees are respectively payable; and receipts for the same shall be produced to the collector or other officer whose duty it may be to grant clearances, before a clearance is granted. (R. S., 4206; June 19, 1886.)

Whenever any clearance is granted to any vessel of the United States, duly registered as such, and bound on any foreign voyage, the

collector of the district shall annex thereto, in every case, a copy of the rates or tariffs of fees which diplomatic and consular officers are entitled, by the regulations prescribed by the President, to receive for their services. (R. S., 4207.)

Enrolled and Licensed Vessels in Foreign Trade.

If any vessel, enrolled or licensed, shall proceed on a foreign voyage, without first giving up her enrollment and license to the collector of the district comprehending the port from which she is about to proceed on such voyage, and being duly registered by such collector, every such vessel, together with her tackle, apparel, and furniture, and the merchandise so imported therein, shall be liable to seizure and forfeiture. (See R. S., 4377, p. 188.) (R. S., 4337.)

If the port from which any vessel, so enrolled or licensed is about to proceed on a foreign voyage, is not within the district where such vessel is enrolled, the collector of such district shall give to the master of such vessel a certificate, specifying that the enrollment and license of such vessel has been received by him, and the time when it was so received; which certificate shall afterward be delivered by the master to the collector who may have granted such enrollment and license. (R. S., 4338.)

Whenever any vessel, licensed for carrying on the fishery, is intended to touch and trade at any foreign port, it shall be the duty of the master or owner to obtain permission for that purpose from the collector of the district where such vessel may be, previous to her departure, and the master of every such vessel shall deliver like manifests, and make like entries, both of the vessel and of the merchandise on board, within the same time, and under the same penalty, as are by law provided for vessels of the United States arriving from a foreign port. (R. S., 4364.)

Whenever a vessel, licensed for carrying on the fisheries, is found within three leagues of the coast, with merchandise of foreign growth or manufacture, exceeding the value of five hundred dollars, without having such permission as is directed by the preceding section, such vessel, together with the merchandise of foreign growth or manufacture imported therein, shall be subject to seizure and forfeiture. (R. S., 4365.)

Oath of Ownership on Entry.

Upon the entry of every vessel of the United States from any foreign port, if the same shall be at the port at which the owner or any of the part owners reside, such owner or part owner shall make oath that the register of such vessel contains the name or names of all the persons who are then owners of the vessel; or if any part of such vessel has been sold or transferred since the granting of such register that such is the case, and that no foreign subject or citizen has, to the best of his knowledge and belief, any share, by way of trust, confidence, or otherwise, in such vessel. If the owner or any part owner does not reside at the port at which such vessel enters, the master shall make oath to the like effect. If the owner, or part owner, where there is one, or the master, where there is no owner, refuses so to swear, such vessel shall not be entitled to the privileges of a vessel of the United States. (R. S., 4173. See sec. 434, tariff act, 1922, p. 488.) Upon the entry of every such [unregistered vessel, owned by citizens of the United States, and carrying a sea-letter, or, other regular docu

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