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General Provisions.

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person or corporation making or performing the same shall comply with the provisions of this section; and no such person or corporation shall be entitled to receive any sum nor shall any officer, agent or employee of the state or of a muncipal corporation pay the same or authorize its payment from the funds under his charge or control to any such person or corporation for work done upon any contract, which in its form or manner of performance violates the provisions of this section, but nothing in this section shall be construed to apply to persons regularly employed in state institutions, or to engineers, electricians and elevator men in the department of public buildings during the annual session of the legislature, nor to the construction, maintenance and repair of highways outside the limits of cities and villages.

Formerly L. 1897, ch. 415. § 3, as am'd by L. 1899, ch. 567, § 1; L. 1900, ch. 298, § 1, and L. 1906, ch. 506, § 1.

§ 4. Violations of the labor law. Any officer, agent or employee of this state or of a municipal corporation therein having a duty to act in the premises who violates, evades or knowingly permits the violation or evasion of any of the provisions of this chapter shall be guilty of malfeasance in office and shall' be suspended or removed by the authority having power to appoint or remove such officer, agent or employee; otherwise by the governor. Any citizen of this state may maintain proceedings for the suspension or removal of such officer, agent or employee or may maintain an action for the purpose of securing the cancellation or avoidance of any contract which by its terms or manner of performance violates this chapter or for the purpose of preventing any officer, agent or employee of such municipal corporation from paying or authorizing the payment of any public money for work done thereupon.

Formerly L. 1897, ch. 415, § 4, as am'd by L. 1899, ch. 567, § 2.

§ 5. Hours of labor in brickyards. Ten hours, exclusive of the necessary time for meals, shall constitute a legal day's work in the making of brick in brickyards owned or operated by corporations. No corporation owning or operating such brickyard shall require employees to work more than ten hours in any one day, or to commence work before seven o'clock in the morning. But overwork and work prior to seven o'clock in the morning for extra compensation may be performed by agreement between employer and employee.

Formerly L. 1897, ch. 415, § 6.

§ 6. Hours of labor on street surface and elevated railroads. Ten consecutive hours' labor, including one

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General Provisions.

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half hour for dinner, shall constitute a day's labor in the operation of all street surface and elevated railroads, of whatever motive power, owned or operated by corporations in this state, whose main line of travel or whose routes lie principally within the corporate limits of cities of the first and second class. No employee of any such corporation shall be permitted or allowed to work more than ten consecutive hours, including one-half hour for dinner, in any one day of twenty-four hours.

In cases of accident or unavoidable delay, extra labor may be performed for extra compensation.

Formerly L. 1897, ch. 415, § 5, as am'd by L. 1907, ch. 243, § 1.

§ 7. Regulation of hours of labor on steam surface and elevated railroads. Ten hours' labor, performed within twelve consecutive hours, shall constitute a legal day's labor in the operation of steam surface and elevated railroads owned and operated within this state, except where the mileage system of running trains is in operation. But this section does not apply to the performance of extra hours of labor by conductors, engineers, firemen and trainmen in case of accident or delay resulting therefrom. For each hour of labor performed in any one day in excess of such ten hours, by any such employee, he shall be paid in addition at least one-tenth of his daily compensation.

No person or corporation operating a line of railroad of thirty miles in length or over, in whole or in part within this state, shall permit or require a conductor, engineer, fireman or trainman, who has worked in any capacity for twenty-four consecutive hours, to go again on duty or perform any kind of work, until he has had at least eight hours' rest.

Formerly L. 1897, ch. 415, § 7.

§ 8. Regulation of hours of labor of block system telegraph and telephone operators and signalmen on surface, subway and elevated railroads. The provisions of section seven of this chapter shall not be applicable to employees mentioned herein. It shall be unlawful for any corporation or receiver, operating a line of railroad, either surface, subway or elevated, in whole or in part in the state of New York, or any officer, agent or representative of such corporation or receiver to require or permit any telegraph or telephone operator who spaces trains by the use of the telegraph or telephone under what is known and termed the "block system (defined as follows): Reporting trains to another office or offices or to a train dispatcher operating one or more trains under signals,

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and telegraph or telephone levermen who manipulate interlocking machines in railroad yards or on main tracks out on the lines or train dispatchers in its service whose duties substantially, as hereinbefore set forth, pertain to the movement of cars, engines or trains on its railroad by the use of the telegraph or telephone in dispatching or reporting trains or receiving or transmitting train orders as interpreted in this section, to be on duty for more than eight hours in a day of twenty-four hours, and it is hereby declared that eight hours shall constitute a day of employment for all laborers or employees engaged in the kind of labor aforesaid; except in cases of extraordinary emergency caused by accident, fire, flood or danger to life or property, and for each hour of labor so performed in any one day in excess of such eight hours, by any such employee, he shall be paid in addition at least one-eighth of his daily compensation. Any person or persons, company or corporation, who shall violate any of the provisions of this section, shall, on conviction, be fined in the sum of not less than one hundred dollars, and such fine shall be recovered by an action in the name of the state of New York, for the use of the state, which shall sue for it against such person, corporation or association violating this section, said suit to be instituted in any court in this state having appropriate jurisdiction. Such fine, when recovered as aforesaid, shall be paid without any deduction whatever, one-half thereof to the informer, and the balance thereof to be paid into the free school fund of the state of New York. The provisions of this section shall not apply to any part of a railroad where not more than eight regular passenger trains in twenty-four hours pass each way; provided, moreover, that where twenty freight trains pass each way generally in each twentyfour hours then the provisions of this section shall apply, notwithstanding that there may pass a less number of passenger trains than herein before set forth, namely eight.

Formerly L. 1897, ch. 415, § 7-a, as added by L. 1907, ch. 627, § 1.

§ 9. Payment of wages by receivers. Upon the appointment of a receiver of a partnership or of a corporation organized under the laws of this state and doing business therein, other than a moneyed corporation, the wages of the employees of such partnership or corporation shall be preferred to every other debt or claim.

Formerly L. 1897, ch. 415, § 8.

§ 10. Cash payment of wages. Every manufacturing, mining, quarrying, mercantile, railroad, street railway, canal,

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steamboat, telegraph and telephone company, every express company, every corporation engaged in harvesting and storing ice, and every water company, not municipal, and every person, firm or corporation, engaged in or upon any public work for the state or municipal corporation thereof, either as a contractor or a subcontractor therewith, shall pay to cach employee engaged in his, their or its business the wages earned by such employee in cash. No such company, person, firm or corporation shall hereafter pay such employees in scrip, commonly known as store money-orders. No person, firm or corporation engaged in carrying on public work under contract with the state or with any municipal corporation of the state, either as a contractor or subcontractor therewith, shall, directly or indirectly, conduct or carry on what is commonly known as a company store, if there shall, at the time, be any store selling supplies within two miles of the place where such contract is being executed. Any person, firm or corporation violating the provisions of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.

Formerly L. 1897, ch. 415, § 9, as am'd by L. 1906, ch. 316, § 1, and L. 1908, ch. 443, § 1.

§ 11. When wages are to be paid. Every corporation or joint-stock association, or person carrying on the business thereof by lease or otherwise, shall pay weekly to each employee the wages earned by him to a day not more than six days prior to the date of such payment.

But every person or corporation operating a steam surface railroad shall, on or before the first day of each month, pay the employees thereof the wages carned by them during the first half of the preceding month ending with the fifteenth day thereof, and on or before the fifteenth day of each month pay the employees thereof the wages earned by them during the last half of the preceding calendar month.

Formerly L. 1897, ch. 415, § 10, as am'd by L. 1908, ch. 442, § 1.

§ 12. Penalty for violation of preceding sections. If a corporation or joint-stock association, its lessee or other person carrying on the business thereof, shall fail to pay the wages of an employee as provided in this article, it shall forfeit to the people of the state the sum of fifty dollars for each such failure, to be recovered by the commissioner of labor in his name of office in a civil action; but an action shall not be maintained therefor, unless the commissioner of labor shall have given to the employer at least ten days' written notice that such an action will be brought if the wages due are not sooner paid as provided in this article..

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On the trial of such action, such corporation or association shall not be allowed to set up any defense, other than a valid assignment of such wages, a valid set-off against the same, or the absence of such employee from his regular place of labor at the time of payment, or an actual tender to such employee at the time of the payment of the wages so earned by him, or a breach of contract by such employee or a denial of the employment.

Formerly L. 1897, ch. 415, § 11.

No assignment

§ 13. Assignment of future wages. of future wages, payable weekly, or monthly in case of a steam surface railroad corporation, shall be valid if made to the corporation or association from which such wages are to become due, or to any person on its behalf, or if made or procured to be made to any person for the purpose of relieving such corporation or association from the obligation to pay weekly, or monthly in case of a steam surface railroad corporation. Charges for groceries, provisions or clothing shall not be a valid off-set for wages in behalf of any such corporation or association.

No such corporation or association shall require any agreement from any employee to accept wages at other periods than as provided in this article as a condition of employment.

Formerly L. 1897, ch. 415, § 12.

§ 14. Preference in employment of persons upon public works. In the construction of public works by the state or a municipality, or by persons contracting with the state or such municipality, only citizens of the United States shall be employed; and in all cases where laborers are employed on any such public works, preference shall be given citizens of the state of New York. In each contract for the construction of public works a provision shall be inserted, to the effect that, if the provisions of this section are not complied with, the contract shall be void. All boards, officers, agents or employees of cities of the first class of the state, having the power to enter into contracts which provide for the expenditure of public money on public works, shall file in the office of the commissioner of labor the names and addresses of all contractors holding contracts with said cities of the state. Upon the letting of new contracts the names and addresses of such new contractors shall likewise be filed. Upon the demand of the commissioner of labor a contractor shall furnish a list of the names and addresses of all subcontractors in his employ. Each contractor performing work for any city of the first class shall keep a list of his employees, in which it shall be set forth whether they are naturalized or native born citizens of the United States, together

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