shall be headed by a Peace Food Administrator appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The Peace Food Administrator shall serve at the pleasure of the President and shall receive compensation at the rate of $21,000 per annum.

"(b) (1) The President shall carry out the functions conferred upon him by this Act and section 402 of the Mutual Security Act of 1954, as amended, either directly or through the Peace Food Administrator.

"(2) The President is authorized to transfer to the Peace Food Administrator the functions of any other agency which he determines are related to the functions of, and can be more effectively or economically carried out by the Peace Food Administrator, together with any personnel or property used primarily in carrying out such functions.

"(c) The Peace Food Administrator is authorized to make such expenditures and appoint and fix the compensation of such personnel as may be necessary to enable him to carry out his functions.

"SEC. 702. (a) There is hereby established a Peace Food Policy Committee which shall consist of an Assistant Secretary, or officer of comparable level, of each of the folowing departments or agencies: Departments of State, Treasury, Agriculture, Commerce, Health, Education, and Welfare, and the International Cooperation Administration.

"(b) It shall be the duty of the Peace Food Policy Committee to advise and consult with the Peace Food Administrator concerning the administration of this Act. The Committee shall meet from time to time upon request of the Peace Food Administrator and at such other times as it may deem necessary. "SEC. 703. (a) There is hereby established a Peace Food Advisory Committee which shall consist of representatives of the following and such other groups as the President deems advisable who shall be appointed by the President for terms of two years:

"(1) The major agricultural organizations;

"(2) Exporters of food and fiber;

“(3) Voluntary agencies such as CARE and church groups;

"(4) Educational groups; and

"(5) Voluntary health groups.

"(b) It shall be the duty of the Peace Food Advisory Committee to advise and consult with the Peace Food Administrator, and to make such recommendations as it deems advisable, concerning the administration of this Act. The Committee shall meet from time to time upon request of the Peace Food Administrator and at such other times as it may deem necessary. In carrying out its duties under this Act, the Committee shall invite a representative of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization to meet with the Committee in order that, through him, the views of other exporting countries might be heard and their interests taken into account.

"(c) Members of the Advisory Committee shall be entitled, while attending meetings of the Committee, to receive compensation at the rate of $50 per diem, and while away from their homes or regular places of business they may be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by law for persons in the Government service employed intermittently.

"SEC. 704. In negotiating agreements under this Act, the President shall give due consideration to the internal and external political and economic conditions of the countries concerned by drawing upon the appropriate title or titles of this Act in such manner as to carry out more effectively the policy set forth in section 2."

[H.R. 6602, 86th Cong., 1st sess.]

A BILL To promote the foreign policy of the United States and help to build essential world conditions of peace, by the more effective use of United States agricultural commodities for the relief of human hunger, and for promoting economic and social development in less developed countries

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That Public Law 480 of the Eightythird Congress, as amended, is further amended as follows:

(1) The first section (which provides the short title) is amended to read as follows:

"That this Act may be cited as the 'International Food for Peace Act of 1959'."

(2) Section 2 (which consists of a statement of policy) is amended to read as follows:

"CONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS AND POLICY

"SEC. 2. (a) Because of the increased productivity made possible by scienceand technology, there is now, for the first time in history, no reason in physical scarcity for the continued existence of hunger anywhere on this earth. It is now possible and practical for mankind to take cooperative steps to abolish human hunger.

"This being so, massive hunger and suffering from want of clothing, existing in the world in the shadow of unused present and potential surpluses of food and fiber, are no longer tolerable, either morally, politically, or economically. "The Congress, while recognizing the difficult international, political, and economic problems that lie between hunger and want of clothing in many parts of the world and food and fiber surpluses in others, declares it to be the policy of the United States to move as rapidly as possible in cooperation with other friendly nations, toward putting its abundance of food and fiber more effectively in the service of human need.

"(b) Peoples who comprise one-third of the human race have in our generation achieved national independence (or are in the process of doing so) and are in revolt against the poverty, ignorance, disease, inferior status, and lack of opportunity which have always been their lot. They are determined to achieve that economic and social development necessary to national dignity and individual well-being. To mobilize their resources with reasonable speed and develop their economies to a point where they are self-propelled and self-sustaining they require substantial outside aid over a considerable period of years. If that aid is adequately forthcoming from the free world, they have a good chance to accomplish their purposes in freedom, remaining a part of the free world and contributing to its strength and well-being. If it is not forthcoming, their alternative is to seek it in the Communist world, and in the process to surrender both personal and national freedom. Deeply aware of and sympathetic with the aspirations of the world's peoples who seek in freedom greater national dignity and individual well-being, the Congress declares it to be the policy of the United States to help them achieve those aspirations. The Congress recognizes that for this purpose a number of different kinds of aid are required, but that among them food and fiber aid is a highly important form and one whose effectiveness can be greatly increased. The Congress declares that the agricultural abundance of the United States is not an embarrassment but a blessing to be used in the service of mankind, that it should be so used to the maximum extent possible, and that if it is so used it can help build essential conditions of world peace and freedom.

"(c) To achieve those larger purposes, the Congress directs that this Act shall be administered (1) so as to help other countries carry forward their own national or regional plans for development in freedom and independence; (2) so as to support the efforts and programs of the United Nations, its specialized agencies and affiliated organizations, and regional organizations of friendly countries, directed toward the same ends; (3) so as to leave wide latitude in working out details of national agreements and projects to United States Chiefs of Missions in negotiations with the governments concerned; and (4) so as to enlist the cooperation of other countries in putting agricultural surpluses more effectively in the service of human need and the economic and social development of less developed countries.

"(d) It is also declared to be the policy of Congress to expand international trade among the United States and friendly nations, to facilitate the convertibility of currency, to promote the economic stability of American agriculture, and the national welfare, to make maximum efficient use of surplus agricultural commodities in furtherance of the foreign policy of the United States, and to stimulate and facilitate the expansion of foreign trade in agricultural commodities produced in the United States by providing a means whereby surplus agricultural commodities in excess of the usual marketings of such commodities may be sold through private trade channels, and foreign currencies accepted in payment thereof. It is further the policy to use foreign currencies which accrue to the United States under this Act to expand international trade, to encourage economic development, to purchase strategic materials, to pay United States obligations abroad, to promote collective strength, and to foster in other ways the foreign policy of the United States."

(3) Section 101 (which relates to the negotiation of agreements) is amended by striking out "and" at the end of paragraph (d), by changing the period at the end of paragraph (e) to a semicolon, and by adding at the end of such section the following new paragraphs:

"(f) seek, insofar as possible, to enter into such agreements for periods in excess of one year; and

"(g) give maximum attention to utilizing the authority and funds provided by this Act to further the economic and social development plans of underdeveloped countries."

(4) Section 103(b) (prescribing limit on appropriations) is amended to read as follows:

"(b) Agreements shall not be entered into under this title during the period beginning July 1, 1959, and ending June 30, 1964, which will call for appropriations to reimburse the Commodity Credit Corporation, pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, in amounts in excess of $2,000,000,000 annually, plus any amount by which agreements entered into in prior years have called or will call for appropriations to reimburse the Commodity Credit Corporation in amounts less than authorized for such prior fiscal years by this Act as in effect during such fiscal years."

(5) Section 103 is further amended by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection:

"(c) In carrying out programs and activities under this title, the President shall, insofar as possible, coordinate such programs and activities with other United States and international programs and activities directed toward the same end."

(6) Section 104 (e) (relating to loans for trade expansion) is amended by striking out "Export-Import Bank for loans mutually agreeable to said bank" and inserting in lieu thereof "United States Development Loan Fund created by title II of chapter II of the Mutual Security Act of 1954, as amended, for loans mutually agreeable to said Fund", and by inserting before the semicolon at the end thereof a colon and the following: “Provided further, That funds which have accrued under this section and which are uncommitted may at the discretion of the President be placed under the administration of the Development Loan Fund".

(7) Section 104 (g) (relating to the promotion of trade and economic development) is amended to read as follows:

"(g) For loans and grants to promote multilateral trade and economic development, made through established banking facilities of the friendly nation from which the foreign currency was obtained or in any other manner which the President may deem to be appropriate. Interest on loans made under this subsection shall be at such rate, not to exceed 21⁄2 per centum per annum, as the President shall determine. Strategic materials, services, or foreign currencies may be accepted in payment of such loans ;".

(8) Section 104 (h) (relating to international educational exchange activities) is amended by striking out the words "in such amounts as may be specified from time to time in appropriation acts" and by striking out the semicolon at the end thereof and inserting in lieu thereof a period and the following: "Such currencies may also be used for making grants to United States nonprofit organizations and institutions for carrying out such exchange of persons projects under this paragraph between the United States and other countries as may be agreed upon between such organizations and institutions and the Secretary of State, but no such grants shall be made to any organization or institution which does not agree to provide the dollar funds which the Secretary of State deems necessary to carry forward agreed projects to a successful conclusion ;".

(9) Section 104 (k) (relating to scientific activities) is amended by striking out "but no foreign currencies shall be used for the purposes of this subsection (k) unless specific appropriations be made therefor" and inserting in lieu thereof the following: "and to promote and support programs of medical and scientific research, cultural and education development, health, nutrition, and sanitation". (10) Section 104 (o) (relating to assistance to educational facilities sponsored by United States citizens) is amended by striking out so much thereof as follows the semicolon.

(11) Section 104 (relating to uses of foreign currencies) is amended by inserting after paragraph (o) the following new paragraphs:

"(p) For supporting workshops in American studies or American educational techniques, and supporting chairs in American studies.

“(q) For financing technicians and other personnel of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization (including necessary equipment and supplies) engaged in (i) consulting and advising on, conducting, or administering government programs designed to relieve chronic hunger and malnutrition, (ii) consulting and advising on programs for the storage, management, and operation of national food reserves, or (iii) training local technical, administrative, and other personnel needed to carry out such programs;

"(r) For financing research, surveys, conferences, publicity, and other activities which the President shall find to be helpful in support of the projected 'Free the World From Hunger' campaign of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization; and for such purposes and the purposes of paragraph (q) any currencies of any country available under this Act may be transferred to and used in any other country;

“(s) For financing local currency cost components of projects undertaken by the United Nations Special Fund for which such Fund pays foreign exchange costs;

"(t) For contributions, in addition to United States dollar contributions, to the capital fund of any international development association or organization of which the United States is a member which may be established as an affiliate of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development for the purpose of making long-term loans for economic development;

"(u) For financing the preparation, distribution, and exhibiting of audiovisual informational and educational materials, including Government materials, abroad;

"(v) For transfer to the International Finance Corporation for the purpose of promoting private investment abroad under such arrangement as may be agreed upon between the President, said Corporation, and the country whose currency is involved;

"(w) For financing the services of technicians, advisers, and administrators who are nationals of any friendly country, which may be needed to further economic and social development programs in other friendly countries."

(12) Section 104 is further amended by inserting before the period at the end thereof a comma and the following: "and from time to time release for the general purposes of this title funds that may have accrued in excess of prospective needs for payment of United States obligations".

(13) Section 106 (which relates to determination of nations with which agreements shall be negotiated) is amended by striking out the words "Secretary of Agriculture" where they appear the second time and inserting in lieu thereof "President".

(14) Section 107 (which defines "friendly nation") is amended by inserting before the period at the end thereof a colon and the following: "Provided, That such term shall not exclude any nation referred to in clause (2) if the President determines that the making and carrying out of agreements with such nation under this Act will be in the interest of attaining the foreign policy objectives of the United States".

(15) Section 109 (which relates to the duration of the program under title I) is amended by striking out "December 31, 1959" and inserting in lieu thereof "June 30, 1964".

(16) Section 202 (authorizing grants of surplus commodities for famine relief) is amended by striking out "with friendly governments or through voluntary agencies" and inserting in lieu thereof "by or with friendly governments or voluntary relief agencies to carry out the purposes of section 201 and to assist friendly nations in establishing, expanding, or carrying out programs, including programs undertaken with the assistance of experts and technicians of the United Nations Foods and Agriculture Organization, and the World Health Organization for the relief of chronic hunger and malnutrition”.

(17) Section 203 (which imposes limits on expenditures under title II) is amended by striking out the first sentence and inserting in lieu thereof the following: "Not more than $250,000,000, including the Corporation's investment in the commodities, shall be expended annually for all such transfers and for other costs authorized by this title."

(18) Section 204 (which relates to the duration of the program under title II) is amended by striking out "December 31, 1959" and inserting in lieu thereof "June 30, 1964".

(19) Section 304 (b) (which prohibits certain transactions with the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and areas dominated or controlled by the Com

munist regime in China) is amended by striking out "title I or title III" and inserting in lieu thereof "title I, title III, title IV, title V, or title VI".

(20) Title III is further amended by adding at the end thereof a new section as follows:

"SEC. 306. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Commodity Credit Corporation is hereby directed

"(1) to dispose of its stock of edible oils or products thereof by donation, upon such terms and conditions as the Secretary of Agriculture deems appropriate, to nonprofit voluntary agencies registered with the Department of State, appropriate agencies of the Federal Government or international organizations, for use in the assistance of needy persons outside the United States;

"(2) to purchase for donation as provided above such quantities of edible oils and the products thereof as the Secretary determines will maintain the support level for cottonseed and soybeans without requiring the acquisition of such commodities under the price support program.

Commodity Credit Corporation may incur such additional costs with respect to commodities to be donated hereunder as it is authorized to incur with respect to food commodities disposed of under section 416 of the Agricultural Act of 1949, and may pay ocean freight charges from United States ports to designated ports of entry abroad."

(21) Such Act is further amended by adding at the end thereof the following new titles:

"TITLE IV-LONG-TERM SUPPLY CONTRACTS

"SEC. 401. The purpose of this title is to utilize agricultural commodities and the products thereof produced in the United States, including but not limited to agricultural commodities in surplus supply, to assist the economic development of friendly nations by assuring such nations a stable supply of agricultural commodities on long-term credit for domestic consumption during periods of economic development so that the resources and manpower of such nations may be utilized more effectively for industrial and other domestic economic development without jeopardizing meanwhile adequate supplies of agricultural commodities for domestic use.

"SEC. 402. In furtherance of this purpose, the President is authorized to enter into agreements with friendly nations under the terms of which the United States shall undertake to deliver annually (a) certain quantities of wheat, rice, cotton, feed grains, or tobacco, or (b) such other surplus agricultural commodities as may from time to time be available, for periods of not to exceed ten years. "SEC. 403. Payment for such commodities shall be in dollars or in services or in strategic or other materials of which the United States does not domestically produce its requirements, as the President may from time to time determine, with interest at such rate as the President may determine but not more than 221⁄2 per centum per year. Payment may be made in approximately equal annual amounts over periods of not to exceed forty years from the date of the last delivery of commodities under the agreement and interest shall be computed from the date of such last delivery.

"SEC. 404. Any such agreement shall include the following undertakings on the part of the purchasing nation as conditions of such contract:

"(1) That commodities provided hereunder will not replace any usual imports of the same or similar commodities by such nation from friendly nations; "(2) That commodities provided hereunder will be used only for domestic consumption and that none of such commodities will be sold outside the puchasing nation either directly or through replacement of domestic production.

"SEC. 405. In entering into such agreements, the President shall endeavor to reach agreement with other exporting nations of such commodities for their participation in the supply and assistance program herein authorized on a proportionate and equitable basis.

"SEC. 406. In carrying out this title, the provisions of sections 101, 102, 103 (a), 106, 107, and 108 of this Act shall be applicable to the extent not inconsistent with this title.

"TITLE V-NATIONAL FOOD RESERVES

"SEC. 501. The President is authorized to implement the resolution adopted by the United Nations on February 20, 1957 (United Nations Resolution 1025 [XI], which was sponsored by the United States, calling for international cooperation in the establishment of national food reserves by making transfers of