“(1) That commodities provided hereunder will not replace any usual imports of the same or similar commodities by such nation from friendly nations; "(2) That commodities provided hereunder will be used only for domestic consumption and that none of such commodities will be sold outside the purchasing nation either directly or through replacement of domestic production. "SEC. 405. In entering into such agreements, the President shall endeavor to reach agreement with other exporting nations of such commodities for their participation in the supply and assistance program herein authorized on a proportionate and equitable basis.

"SEC. 406. In carrying out this title, the provisions of sections 101, 102, 103 (a), 106, 107, and 108 of this Act shall be applicable to the extent not inconsistent with this title.

"TITLE V-NATIONAL FOOD RESERVES

"SEC. 501. The President is authorized to implement the resolution adopted by the United Nations on February 20, 1957 (United Nations Resolution 1025 [XI]), which was sponsored by the United States, calling for international cooperation in the establishment of national food reserves by making transfers of surplus agricultural commodities for the purpose of establishing such reserves. The Commodity Credit Corporation shall make available to the President out of its stocks such agricultural commodities as he may request for this purpose. "SEC. 502. In making transfers under this title, the President may provide for delivery f.o.b. vessels in United States ports and, upon a determination by the President that it is necessary to accomplish the purposes of such resolution, for the payment of ocean freight charges from United States ports to designated ports of entry abroad, and for furnishing of technical and other assistance in providing storage facilities for the food reserves so established.

"SEC. 503. (a) No assistance under this title shall be furnished to any nation or organization of nations unless such nation or organization agrees—

"(1) to use the commodities furnished under this title to establish national food reserves;

"(2) to maintain the food reserves so established at agreed levels; "(3) to consult with and utilize the services of experts and technicians of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization with respect to technical problems of storage, management, and operation of national food reserves;

"(4) to maintain and operate such reserves in such manner that they will not interfere with normal commercial trade of the United States or other friendly nations.

"(b) The President is authorized to make transfers of commodities under title II wherever necessary to replenish reserves which are depleted as a result of famine or other urgent or extraordinary relief requirements.

"SEC. 504. There are hereby authorized to be appropriatd such sums as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this title. Sums appropriated for such purpose shall be available to reimburse the Commodity Credit Corporation for the Corporation's investment in commodities transferred hereunder and for all costs referred to in section 103 (a).

"SEC. 505. No grants or other assistance shall be furnished under this title after June 30, 1964.

“TITLE VI-BINATIONAL FOUNDATIONS

"SEC. 601. (a) The President is authorized to negotiate and carry out agreements with friendly nations to provide for the establishment in such countries of nonprofit foundations to foster and promote research, education, health, and public welfare.

"(b) A foundation established under this title shall be under the direction of a board of trustees consisting of—

"(1) a number, to be determined by the agreement between the United States and the country in which the foundation is located, of the nationals of such country appointed by the Government thereof;

"(2) an equal number of nationals of the United States (one of whom shall be the chief of the United States diplomatic mission to such country) appointed by the President; and

"(3) one member, who shall be chairman, who shall be appointed by the Government of such country with the approval of a majority of the members appointed as provided in clauses (1) and (2).

Members of a board of trustees shall serve at the pleasure of the appointing authority, and vacancies shall be filled in the same manner as in the case of the original appointments.

"SEC. 602. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 1415 of the Supplemental Appropriation Act 1953, or any other provision of law, the President is authorized to grant to any foundation established under this title for use in carrying out the purposes specified in section 601 (a) any unexpended local currencies which accrue to the United States, as repayments of principal or payment of interest on loans heretofore or hereafter made by the United States under section 104. Any such currencies may be used for direct expenditure, or may be invested and the proceeds used, for carrying out this title.

"TITLE VII-ADMINISTRATION

"SEC. 701. (a) There is hereby established in the Executive Office of the President an agency to be known as the Peace Food Administration, which shall be headed by a Peace Food Administrator appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The Peace Food Administrator shall serve at the pleasure of the President and shall receive compensation at the rate of $21,000 per annum.

"(b) (1) The President shall carry out the functions conferred upon him by this Act and section 402 of the Mutual Security Act of 1954, as amended, either directly or through the Peace Food Administrator.

"(2) The President is authorized to transfer to the Peace Food Administrator the functions of any other agency which he determines are related to the functions of, and can be more effectively or economically carried out by, the Peace Food Administrator, together with any personnel or property used primarily in carrying out such functions.

"(c) The Peace Food Administrator is authorized to make such expenditures and appoint and fix the compensation of such personnel as may be necessary to enable him to carry out his functions.

"SEC. 702. (a) There is hereby established a Peace Food Policy Committee which shall consist of an Assistant Secretary, or officer of comparable level, of each of the following departments or agencies: Departments of State, Treasury, Agriculture, Commerce, Health, Education, and Welfare, and the International Cooperation Administration.

"(b) It shall be the duty of the Peace Food Policy Committee to advise and consult with the Peace Food Administrator concerning the administration of this Act. The Committee shall meet from time to time upon request of the Peace Food Administrator and at such other times as it may deem necessary. "SEC. 703. (a) There is hereby established a Peace Food Advisory Committee which shall consist of representatives of the following and such other groups as the President deems, advisable who shall be appointed by the President for terms of two years:

"(1) The major agricultural organizations;

"(2) Exporters of food and fiber;

"(3) Voluntary agencies such as CARE and church groups;

"(4) Educational groups; and

"(5) Voluntary health groups.

"(b) It shall be the duty of the Peace Food Advisory Committee to advise and consult with the Peace Food Administrator, and to make such recommendations as it deems advisable, concerning the administration of this Act. The Committee shall meet from time to time upon request of the Peace Food Administrator and at such other times as it may deem necessary. In carrying out its duties under this Act, the Committee shall invite a representative of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization to meet with the Committee in order that, through him, the views of other exporting countries might be heard and their interests taken into account.

"(c) Members of the Advisory Committee shall be entitled, while attending meetings of the Committee, to receive compensation at the rate of $50 per diem, and while away from their homes or regular places of business they may be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by law for persons in the Government service employed intermittently.

"SEC. 704. In negotiation agreements under this Act, the President shall give due consideration to the internal and external political and economic conditions of the countries concerned by drawing upon the appropriate title or titles of this Act in such manner as to carry out more effectively the policy set forth in section 2."

[H.R. 7146, 86th Cong., 1st sess.]

A BILL To amend the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954, as

amended

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 is amended by adding at the end of title III thereof the following:

"SEC. 306. (a) No dairy commodity produced in the United States shall be sold or disposed of pursuant to this Act, or with the assistance of the Secretary of Agriculture under any other Act, for use outside the United States for the manufacturing, blending, or compounding of filled milk or filled cheese.

"(b) The sale or disposition outside the United States of any dairy commodity under this Act, or with the assistance of the Secretary of Agriculture under any other Act, irrespective of whether the commodity is acquired by the Commodity Credit Corporation pursuant to a price support or surplus removal program, shall be accomplished by sale from stocks of the Commodity Credit Corporation, or by payment to exporters at the export rate determined by the Secretary, or in lieu of payment in cash the Secretary of Agriculture may transfer to the exporter of any diary commodity, at the option of the exporter, any dairy commodity from CCC stocks.

"(c) Except as limited by paragraphs (a) and (d) hereof, the Secretary may establish different export rates applicable to dairy commodities produced in the United States and sold or disposed of in different countries, if he finds such different rates necessary to maintain or expand markets for dairy commodities in competition with filled milk or filled cheese.

"(d) No dairy commodity produced in the United States shall be sold or disposed of pursuant to this Act, or with the assistance of the Secretary of Agriculture under any other Act, if the Secretary finds that such sale or disposition will have the effect of disrupting or displacing any usual marketings of, or any normal patterns of commercial trade in, any dairy commodity produced in the United States.

"(e) As used in this section

"(1) The term 'dairy commodity' includes any dairy commodity or product thereof, class, kind, type, or other specification thereof;

"(2) The term 'United States' includes the District of Columbia, and any Territory, Commonwealth, and possession of the United States;

"(3) The term 'filled milk' means filled milk as defined in the Filled Milk Act of March 4, 1923 (21 U.S.C., sec. 61-64);

"(4) The term 'export rate' means the rate or rates of payment determined by the Secretary of Agriculture to be applicable to any dairy commodity, and to be necessary to maintain, or to encourage and assist in the development of, foreign markets for any dairy commodity produced in the United States."

[H.R. 7202, 86th Cong., 1st sess.]

A BILL To promote the foreign policy of the United States and help to build essential world conditions of peace, by the more effective use of United States agricultural commodities for the relief of human hunger, and for promoting economic and social development in less developed countries

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That Public Law 480 of the Eightythird Congress, as amended, is further amended as follows:

(1) The first section (which provides the short title) is amended to read as follows:

"That this Act may be cited as the 'International Food for Peace Act of 1959'."

(2) Section 2 (which consists of a statement of policy) is amended to read as follows:

"CONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS AND POLICY

"SEC. 2. (a) Because of the increased productivity made possible by science and technology, there is now, for the first time in history, no reason in physical scarcity for the continued existence of hunger, anywhere on this earth. It is now possible and practical for mankind to take cooperative steps to abolish human hunger.

"This being so, massive hunger and suffering from want of clothing, existing in the world in the shadow of unused present and potential surpluses of food and fiber, are no longer tolerable, either morally, politically, or economically. "The Congress, while recognizing the difficult international, political and economic problems that lie between hunger and want of clothing in many parts of the world and food and fiber surpluses in others, declares it to be the policy of the United States to move as rapidly as possible in cooperation with other friendly nations, toward putting its abundance of food and fiber more effectively in the service of human need.

"(b) Peoples who comprise one-third of the human race have in our generation achieved national independent (or are in the process of doing so) and are in revolt against the poverty, ignorance, disease, inferior status, and lack of opportunity which have always been their lot. They are determined to achieve that economic and social development necessary to national dignity and individual well-being. To mobilize their resources with reasonable speed and develop their economies to a point where they are self-propelled and self-sustaining they require substantial outside aid over a considerable period of years. If that aid is adequately forthcoming from the free world, they have a good chance to accomplish their purposes in freedom, remaining a part of the free world and contributing to its strength and well-being. If it is not forthcoming, their alternative is to seek it in the Communist world, and in the process to surrender both personal and national freedom. Deeply aware of and sympathetic with the aspirations of the world's peoples who seek in freedom greater national dignity and individual well-being, the Congress declares it to be the policy of the United States to help them achieve those aspirations. The Congress recognizes that for this purpose a number of different kinds of aid are required, but that among them food and fiber aid is a highly important form and one whose effectiveness can be greatly increased. The Congress declares that the agricultural abundance of the United States is not an embarrassment but is a blessing to be used in the service of mankind, that it should be so used to the maximum extent possible, and that if it is so used it can help build essential conditions of world peace and freedom.

"(c) To achieve those larger purposes, the Congress directs that this Act shall be administered (1) so as to help other countries carry forward their own national or regional plans for development in freedom and independence; (2) so as to support the efforts and programs of the United Nations, its specialized agencies and affiliated organizations, and regional organizations of friendly countries, directed toward the same ends; (3) so as to leave wide latitude in working out details of national agreements and projects to United States Chiefs of Missions in negotiations with the governments concerned; and (4) so as to enlist the cooperation of other countries in putting agricultural surpluses more effectively in the service of human need and the economic and social development of less developed countries.

"(d) It is also declared to be the policy of Congress to expand international trade among the United States and friendly nations, to facilitate the convertibility of currency, to promote the economic stability of American agriculture and the national welfare, to make maximum efficient use of surplus agricultural commodities in furtherance of the foreign policy of the United States, and to stimulate and facilitate the expansion of foreign trade in agricultural commodities produced in the United States by providing a means whereby surplus agricultural commodities in excess of the usual marketings of such commodities may be sold through private trade channels, and foreign currencies accepted in payment thereof. It is further the policy to use foreign currencies which accrue to the United States under this Act to expand international trade, to encourage economic development, to purchase strategic materials, to pay United States obligations abroad, to promote collective strength, and to foster in other ways the foreign policy of the United States."

(3) Section 101 (which relates to the negotiation of agreements) is amended by striking out "and" at the end of paragraph (d), by changing the period at the end of paragraph (e) to a semicolon, and by adding at the end of such section the following new paragraphs:

"(f) seek, insofar as possible, to enter into such agreement for periods in excess of one year; and

"(g) give maximum attention to utilizing the authority and funds provided by this Act to further the economic and social development plans of underdeveloped countries."

(4) Section 103(b) (prescribing limit on appropriations) is amended to read as follows:

"(b) Agreements shall not be entered into under this title during the period beginning July 1, 1959, and ending June 30, 1964, which will call for appropriations to reimburse the Commodity Credit Corporation, pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, in amounts in excess of $2,000,000,000 annually, plus any amount by which agreements entered into in prior years have called or will call for appropriations to reimburse the Commodity Credit Corporation in amounts less than authorized for such prior fiscal years by this Act as in effect during such fiscal years."

(5) Section 103 is further amended by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection:

"(c) In carrying out programs and activities under this title, the President shall, insofar as possible, coordinate such programs and activities with other United States and international programs and activities directed toward the same end."

(6) Section 104 (e) (relating to loans for trade expansion) is amended by striking out "Export-Import Bank for loans mutually agreeable to said bank" and inserting in lieu thereof "United States Development Loan Fund created by title II of chapter II of the Mutual Security Act of 1954, as amended, for loans mutually agreeable to said Fund," and by inserting before the semicolon at the end thereof a colon and the following: "Provided further, That funds which have accrued under this section and which are uncommitted may at the discretion of the President, be placed under the administration of the Development Loan Fund."

(7) Section 104(g) (relating to the promotion of trade and economic development) is amended to read as follows:

"(g) For loans and grants to promote multilateral trade and economic development, made through established banking facilities of the friendly nation from which the foreign currency was obtained or in any other manner which the President may deem to be appropriate. Interest on loans made under this subsection shall be at such rate, not to exceed 22 per centum per annum, as the President shall determine. Strategic materials, services, or foreign currencies may be accepted in payment of such loans ;".

(8) Section 104 (h) (relating to international educational exchange activities) is amended by striknig out the words "in such amounts as may be specified from time to time in appropriation acts" and by striking out the semicolon at the end thereof and inserting in lieu thereof a period and the following: "Such currencies may also be used for making grants to United States nonprofit organizations and institutions for carrying out such exchange of persons projects under this paragraph between the United States and other countries as may be agreed upon between such organizations and institutions and the Secretary of State, but no such grants shall be made to any organization or institution which does not agree to provide the dollar funds which the Secretary of State deems necessary to carry forward agreed projects to a successful conclusion;".

(9) Section 104 (k) (relating to scientific activities) is amended by striking out "but no foreign currencies shall be used for the purposes of this subsection (k) unless specific appropriations be made therefor" and inserting in lieu thereof the following: "and to promote and support programs of medical and scientific research, cultural and educational development, health, nutrition, and sanitation."

(10) Section 104 (o) (relating to assistance to educational facilities sponsored by United States citizens) is amended by striking out so much thereof as follows the semicolon.

(11) Section 104 (relating to uses of foreign currencies) is amended by inserting after paragraph (0) the following new paragraphs:

"(p) For supporting workshops in American studies or American educational techniques, and supporting chairs in American studies.