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498. AFFIRMING, with a judicial oath, is expressed by lifting ap the right hand and eyes towards heaven; if conscience be applied to, by laying the right hand upon the breast exactly upon the heart; the voice low and solemn, the words slow and deliberate; but when the affirmation is mixed with rage or resentment, the

voice is more open and loud, the words quicker,

Laconics. I have seen the flower-withe: ing on the stalk, and its bright leaves-spread on the ground. I looked again; it sprung forth afresh; its stem was crowed with new buds, and its sweetness filled the air. I have seen the sun set in the west, and the shades of night shut in the wide horizon: there was no color or shape, nor beauty, nor music; gloom and darkness brooded around. I looked! the sun broke forth again upon the east, and gilded the mountain-tops; the lar rose-to meet him from her low nest, and the shades of darkness filed away. I have seen the insect, being come to its full size, languish, and re

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and the countenance has all the confidence of a fuse to eat: it spun itself a tomb, and was shroudstrong and peremptory assertion.

Notes. The Duke had reproached Lord Thurlow with his plebeian extraction and his recent admission to the peerage. He rose from the woolsack and advanced slowly to the place from which the chancellor addresses the house, then fixing his eye on the Duke (in the words of a spectator,) "with the look of Jove when he has grasped the thunder," spoke as follows:

My Lords-I am amazed; yes my Lords, I am amazed at his grace's speech. The noble duke cannot look before him, behind him, or on either side of him, without seeing some noble peer, who owes his seat in this house to his successful exertions, in the profession to which I belong. Does he not feel that it is as honorable, to owe it to these, as to being the accident of an accident? To all these noble lords, the language of the noble duke is as applicable, and as insulting, as it is to myself. But I don't fear to meet it single and alone. No one venerates the peerage more than I do-but, my lords, I must say, that the peerage solicited me,-not I the peerage.

Nay more,-I can say, and will say, that as a peer of parliament,-as speaker of this right honorable house, as keeper of the great seal,-as guardian of his majesty's conscience,-as lord high chancellor of England-nay, even in that character alone, in which the noble duke would think it an affront to be considered-but which character none can deny me-as a MAN, I am, at this time, as much respected, as the proudest peer I now look down upon.

A man of sovereign parts he is esteem'd! Well fitted in the arts, glorious in arms; Nothing becomes him ill, that he would well. The only soil of his fair virtue's gloss, (If virtue's gloss will stain with any soil,) Is a sharp wit match'd with too blunt a will: [wills Whose edge hath power to cut, whose will still It should none spare that come within his power. Anecdote. Butler, Bishop of Durham, and author of the Analogy, being applied to for a charitable subscription, asked his steward what money he had in his house; the steward informed him there were five hundred pounds. "Five hundred pounds!" said the bishop; "what a shame for a bishop to have such a sum in his possession!" And he ordered it all to be given to the poor immediately.

Bold with joy,

Forth from his lonely hiding-place,
(Portentous sight!) the owlet Atheism,
Sailing on obscure wings athwart the noon,
Drops his blue-fringed lids, and holds them close,
Ard, hooting at the glorious sun in heaven,
Cries out, "Where is it?"

The world 1 still deceived by ornament.

ed in the silken cone: it lay without feet, or shape, or power to move. I looked again: it had burst its tomb; it was full of life, and sailed on colored wings through the soft air; it rejoiced in its new being.

Varieties. 1. Many a young lady can chatter in French or Italian, thrum the piano, and paint a little, and yet be ignorant of housekeeping, and not know how even to make a loaf of bread, roast a piece of meat, or make a palatable soup. 2. It is a false idea to think of elevating woman to her right position of intelligence and influence in society, without making her thoroughly and practically acquainted with the details of domestic life. 3. It is wrong for either men or women, to bury themselves in their everyday avocation, to the neglect of intellectual and moral culture, and the social amenities of life: but it is still worse to give exclusive attention to the latter, and utterly neglect the former; because, in the former are involved our first and most important duties. 4. Neg. lected duties never bring happiness: even the best of society would fail to delight, if enjoyed at the expense of human duties. 5. That which is our duty should always take precedence: otherwise no effort to obtain happiness can be successful.

Still-let my song-a nobler note assume,
And sing the impressive force of SPRING on man:
Then, HEAVEN-and earth, as if contending,-vic
To raise his being,-and serene-his soul.
Can he forbear-to join-the general smile
Of NATURE? Can fierce passions-vex his breast,
While every gale is peace, and every grove
Is melody?

The happiness-of human kind,
Consists in rectitude of mind,-
A will-subdued to reason's sway,
And passions-practiced to obey:
An open-and a generous heart,
Refined from selfishness-and art;
Patience, which mocks-at fortune's power,
And wisdom-neither sad, nor sour.
Never forget our loves,-but always cling
To the fixed hope-th't there will be a time.-
When we can meet--unfetter'd-and be blest-
With the full happiness-of certain love.

A villain, when he most seems kind,
Is most to be suspected.

REVISION.

499. Having gone thro', briefly, with the major passions, and given illustrations of each, before dismissing these important subjects, it may be useful to present the minor ones; occasionally alluding to the principal ones. The accompanying engra. ving represents. calm fortitude, discretion, benevolence, goodness, and nobility. Admira

tion may also be combined with amazement: surprise, (which signifies-taken on a sudden,) may, for a moment, startle; astonishment may stupefy, and cause an entire suspension of the faculties; but AMAZEMENT has also a mixture of perturbation; as the word means to be in a maze, so as not to be able to collect one's self: there is no mind that may not, at times, be thrown into amazement at the awful

dispensations of Providence.

ADMONITION TO ACT JUSTLY.

Remember March, the ides of MARCH remember!
Did not great Julius-bleed for JUSTICE' sake?
What villain touch'd his body,—that did stah,
And not for justice?
What! shall one of us,

That struck the foremost man—of all this world,
But for supporting robbers, shall we-now-
Contaminate our fingers with base bribes?
And sell the mighty space of our large honors,
For so much trash-as may be grasped thus?
I had rather be a dog, and bay the moon,
Than SUCH a Roman.

Anecdote. Ethelwold, bishop of Winchester, in king Edgar's time, sold the gold and silver vessels belonging to the church, to relieve the poor, during a famine, saying: "There is no reason, that the senseless temples of God, should abound in riches, while his living temples ware perishing with hunger."

DOMESTIC LOVE AND HAPPINESS.

O happy they! the happiest of their kind!
Whom gentle stars unite, and in one fate
Their hearts, their fortunes, and their beings blend.
Tis not the coarser tie-of human laws,
Unnatural oft, and foreign to the mind,
That binds their peace, but harmony itself,
Attuming all their passions into love;
Where friendship-full, exerts her softest power,
Perfect esteem, enliven'd by desire
Ineffable, and sympathy of soul;
Thought, meeting thought, and will preventing will,
With boundless confidence: for nought but love
Can answer love, and render bliss secure.

Merit-seldom shows
Itself-bedecked in tinsel, or fine clothes;
But, hermit-like, 'tis oft'ner us'd to fly,
And hide its beauties-in obscurity.
For p.aces in the court, are but like beds-
In the hospital; where this man's head-lies
At that man's foot, and so, lower and lower.

often delay til to

Laconics. 1. The idle morrow, what ought to be done to-day. 2. Science is the scribe, and theology the interpreter of God's works. 3. Regret is unavailing, when a debt is contracted; tho' a little prudence, might have prevented its being incurred. 4. A loud, or vehmen? mode of delivery, accompanied by a haughty action, may render an expression highly offensive; but which would be perfectly harmless, if pronounced properly. 5. Dishonesty chooses the most expeditious route; virtue the right one, though it be more circuitous. 6. Is the soul a mere vapor, a something without either essence or form? 7. Impressions, firmly fixed in the mind, and long cherished, are erased with great difficulty; how important, then, they should be good ones.

Difficulty-is a severe instructor, set over us by the supreme ordinance of a parental guardian and legislator, who knows us better than we know ourselves, and he loves us better too. He, that wrestles with us, strengthens our nerves, and sharpens our skill. Our antagonist is our helper. This amicable conflict with difficulty obliges us to an intimate acquaintance with our object, and compels us

to consider it in all its relations. It will uct suffer us to be superficial.

VARIETIES.

Sleep-seldom visits sorrow;
When it does, it is a comforter.
Why, on that brow, dwell sorrow and dismay,
Where loves were wont to sport, and smiles to plav
With equal mind, what happens, let us hear,
Nor joy, nor grieve too much, for things beyond our care.
Thus, my fleeting days, at last,
Unheeded, silently are passed,
Calmly-shall I resign my breath,
In life-unknown,-forgot-in death.
Love-never reasons, but profusely gives;
Gives, like a thoughtless prodigal, its all,
And trembles then, lest it has done too little
Tho' all seems lost, 'tis impious-to despair;
The tracks of Providence-like rivers-wind.
Why shrinks the soul
Back on herself, and startles at destruction?
Tis the Divinity-that stirs within us.

Still raise-for good-the supplicating voice,
But leave to HEAVEN the measure, and the chows
Safe in His power, whose eye discerns afar
The secret ambush of a specious prayer.
Implore His aid; in His decisions rest;
Secure-whate'er He gives, he gives the best.
Yet, when the sense of sacred presence fires,
And strong devotion-to the skies aspires,

Pour forth thy fervors-for a healthful mind,
Obedient passions, and a will resigned;
For love, which scarce collective man can fill;
For patience, sovereign o'er transmuted ill;
For faith, that, panting for a happier seat,
Counts death-kind nature's signal of retreat:
These goods-for man-the laws of heaven ordain,
These goods He grants, who grants the power t
With these celestial wirdom calms the mind, [gain,
And makes the happiness-she does not find.

Call it diversion, and the fill goes down.

500. Arguing requires a cool, sedate, attentive aspect, and a close, slow, and emphatical accent, with much demonstration by the hand; it assumes somewhat of authority, as if fully convinced of what it pleads for; and sometimes rises to great vehemence and energy of action: the voice clear, distinct, and firm as in confidence.

REASONING WITH DEFERENCE TO OTHERS. Ay, but yet

Laconics. 1. To know-is one thing, to de. is another. 2 Consider what is said, rather than who said it: and the consequence of the argument, rather than the consequence of him, who delivers it. 3. These proverbs, maxims, and laconics, are founded on the facts, that mankind are the same, and that the passions are the disturbing forces; the greater or less prevalence of which, give individuality to character. 4. If parents give their children an improper education, whose is the misfortune, and whose the crimes? 5. The greater your facilities are for acquiring knowledge, the greater should be your efforts: and ge[ing, nius-is the power-of making efforts. 6. The wish-world's unfavorable views of conduct and character, are as floating clouds, from which the brightest day is not free. 7. Never marry-but for love; and see that thou lovest only what is lovely.

Let us be keen, and rather cut a little, [tleman,
Than fall and bruise to death. Alas! this gen-
Whom I would save, had a most noble father!
Let but your honor know, (whom I believe
To be most straight in virtue) whether, in
The working of your own affections,
Had time cohered with place, or place with
Or, that the resolute acting of your blood, [pose,
Could have attain'd the effect of your own pur-
Whether you had not some time in your life,
Err'd in this point, you censure now in him,
And pull'd the law upon you.

591. AFFECTATION-displays itself in a thousand different gestures, airs, and looks, according to the character which the person affects. Affectation of learning-gives a stiff formality to the whole person: the words come stalking out with the pace of a funeral procession, and every sentence has the solemnity of an oracle. Affectation-of pity-turns up the goggling whites of the eye to heaven, as if the person was in a trance, and fixes them in that posture so long, that the brain of the beholder grows giddy: then comes up deep grumbling, a holy groan from the lower part of the thorax, but so tremendous in sound, and so long protracted, that you expect to see a goblin rise, like an exhalation from the solid earth: thus he begins to rock, from side to side, or backward and forward, like an aged pine on the side of a hill, when a brisk wind blows; the hands are clasped together, and often lifted, and the head shaken with foolish vehemence; the tone of voice is canting, or a sing-song lullaby, not much removed from an Irish howl, and the words godly doggerel. AFFECTATION OF BEAUTY, and killing-puts a fine woman, by turns, into all sorts of forms, appearances and attitudes, but amiable ones: she undoes by art, or rather awkwardness, all that nature has done for her; for nature formed her almost an angel and she, with infinite pains. makes herself a monkey: this species of affectation is easily imitated, or taken off: in doing which, make as many, and as ugly grimaces, motions and gestures, as can be made; and take care that nature never peeps out; thus you may represent coquettish affectation to the life.

Anecdote. A nobleman advised a bishop to make an addition to his house, of a new wing, in modern style. The prelate answered him, "The difference between your advice and that which the devil gave to our Saviour-is, that Satan advised Jesus to change stones into bread, that the poor might be fed; and you desire me to turn the bread of the poor into stones.

A wise poor man,

Is like a sacred book that's never read;
To himself he lives, and to all else seems dead:
This age thinks better of a gilded fool,
Than if a threadbare saint; in wisdom's school.

Cheerful looks-make every dish-a feast,
And is that-CROWNS a welcome.

This World. What is the happiness that this world can give? Can it defend us from disasters? Can it preserve our hearts from grief, our eyes from tears, or our feet from falling? Can it prolong our comforts? Can it multiply our days? Can it redeem ourselves, or our friends from death? Can it soothe the king of terrors, or initigate the agonies of the dying?

VARIETIES.

Three poets, in three distant ages born, Greece, Italy, and England did adorn. The first in loftiness of thought surpassed; The next, in majesty; in both, the last. The force of nature could no further go; To make a third, she join'd the former two. Under a portrait of Milton-Dryden. The poetry of earth is never dead!When all the birds are faint with the hot sun, And hide in cooling trees, a voice will run, From hedge to hedge about the new-mown mead; That is the grasshopper's ;-he takes the lead In summer luxury ;-he has never done With his delights; for when tired out with fun He rests at ease beneath some pleasant weed The poetry of earth is ceasing never!

On a lone winter evening, when the frost Has wro't a silence from the stove, there shrills The cricket's song, in warmth increasing ever, And seems to one, in drowsiness half lost, The grasshopper's among some grassy hills. Believe me, if all those endearing young charms,

Which I gaze on so fondly to-day, [arms,
Were to change by to-morrow, and fleet in my
Like fairy gifts fading away; [thou art,
Thou wouldst still be ador'd, as this moment
Let thy loveliness fade as it will,
And around the dear ruin each wish of my heart,
Would entwine itself verdantly still.

It is not while beauty and youth are thy own,
And thy cheeks unprofan'd by a tear,
That the fervor and faith of a soul can be known,

To which time will but make thee more dear.
Oh! the heart that has truly lov'd, never forgets,
But as truly loves on to the close;
As the sunflower turns on her god, when he sets
The same look which she turn'd when he rase

503. AUTHORITY-opens the countenance, but draws the eye-brows a little, so as to give the look an air of gravity.

AUTHORITY FORBIDDING COMBATANTS TO FIGHT.

Let them lay by their helmets and their spears,
And both return back to their chairs again:-
Withdraw from us,-and let the trumpet sound;
Draw near-

And list what, with our council, we have done.
For that our kingdom's earth-should not be soild,
With that dear blood which it hath foster'd;
And for our eyes-doth hate the dire aspect,

Of civil wounds, plough'd up with neighbor's swords:

great, but by keeping his resolutions; no per son ever escaped contempt, who could not keep them.

Laconics. 1. Writing and printing serve as clothing to our ideas, by which they become visible in forms, and permanent in duration; thus, painters speak of embodying the fleeting colors of beautiful flowers, by fixing them in some earthly substance. 2. When the pupil of our intellectual eyes becomes adjusted to the darkness of error, genuine truth dazzles and blinds us. 3. Habit car only get the better of habit; but beware of chang ing one bad habit for another. 4. The torch of Therefore, we banish you our territories: You, cousin Hereford, upon pain of death, improvement, is destined to pass from hand to Till twice five summers have enriched our fields, hand; and what, tho' we do not see the order? 5 When nature is excited, she will put forth her f Shall not regret our fair dominions, But tread the stranger paths of banishment. forts; if not in a right, in a wrong way. 6. Con504. Philosophers say, that man is a mi-sent-is the essence of marriage, the ceremonies-its crocosm, or a little world, resembling in mi-form, and the duties—its uses. niature every part of the great; and, in our opinion, the body natural may be compared to the body politic; and if that be so, how can the Epicurean's opinion be true, that the universe was formed by a fortuitous concourse of atoms? which we will no more believe, than that the accidental jumbling of the let ters of the alphabet could fall by chance into a most ingenious and learned treatise of phi-they will avoid the former, and adhere to the latter losophy.

On pain of death,-no person be so bold
Or daring hardy, as to touch the lists,
Except the marshal, and such officers
Appointed to direct these fair designs.

THE BOOK OF NATURE.

Let fancy-lead,
And be it ours-to follow, and admire,
As well we may, the graces infinite
Of nature. Lay aside the sweet resource
That winter needs, and may at will obtain,
Of authors, chaste and good, and let us read
The living page, whose every character
Delights, and gives us wisdom. Not a tree,
A plant, a leaf, a blossom, but contains
A folio volume. We may read, and read,
And read again, and still find something new,
Something to please, and something to instruct,
L'en in the noisome weed.

Anecdote. Eat Bacon. Dr. Watson, late bishop of Landaff, was enthusiastically attached to the writings of Lord Bacon; and considered, that no one, desirous of acquiring real sound knowledge, could read the works of that great man too often, or with too much care and attention. It was frequently remarked by him-"If a man wishes to become wise, he should eat Bacon."

Making Resolutions. Never form a resolution that is not a good one; and, when once formed, never break it. If you form a resolution, and then break it, you set yourself a bad example, and you are very likely to follow it. A person may get the habit of breaking his resolutions; this is as bad to the character and mind, as an incurable discase to the body. No person can become

Physiological Ignorance—is undoubtedly, the most abundant source of our sufferings: every person, accustomed to the sick, must have heard them deplore their ignorance-of the neces sary consequences of those practices, by which their health has been destroyed: and when men shall be deeply convinced, that the eternal laws of Nature have connected pain and decrepitude with one mode of life, and health and vigor with another,

It is strange, however, to observe, that the gener
ality of mankind do not seem to bestow a single
thought on the preservation of their health, till it i
too late to reap any benefit from their conviction
If knowledge of this kind were generally diffused,
people would cease to imagine, that the human
constitution was so badly contrived, that a state
of general health could be overset by every trifle;
for instance, by a little cold; or that the recovery
of it lay concealed in a few drops, or a pill. Did
they better understand the nature of chronic dis
eases, and the causes which produce them, they
could not be so unreasonable as to think, that they
might live as they choose, with impunity: or did
they know anything of medicine, they would soon
be convinced, that though fits of pain have been
relieved, and sickness cured, for a time, the re-es-
tablishment of health-depends on very different
powers and principles.

Tis doing wrong-creates such doubts. These
Render us jealous, and destroy our peace.

Though wisdom-wake,
Suspicion sleeps at wisdom's gate, and to simplicity
Resigns her charge; while goodness thinks no t

Where no ill seems.

Tis god-like magnanimity-to keep,
When most provoked, our reason calm, and clear
Christianity-depends on fact;
Religion-is not theory, but act.
Amid thy bowers—the tyranf's hand is seen,
And desolation-reddens all thy green.
No; there is none-no ruler of the stars;
Regardful of my miseries,-saith despair.
Calm, and serene, he sees approaching death,
As the safe port, the peaceful, silent shore,
Where he may rest,-life's tedious voyage o'er.

505. BUFFOONERY-assumes a sly, arch, leering gravity; nor must it quit the serious aspect, though all should split their sides: which command of countenance is somewhat difficult, but not so hard to acquire, as to restrain the contrary sympathy-that of weeping when others weep. Examples will suggest themselves. COMMANDING requires a peremp.ory air, a severe and stern look: the hand is held out, and moved towards the person to whom the order is given, with the palm upwards, and sometimes it is accompanied with a significant nod of the head to the person address'd. If the command be absolute, and to a

Laconies. 1. Every act of apparent disor der and destruction, is, when contemplated aright and taking in an immeasurable lapse of ages, the most perfect order, wisdom, and love. 2. As it respects the history of our race, scarce y the first hour of man has yet passed over our heads; why then do we speak of partiality? 3. In turning our eyes to the regions of darkness, in the history of man, as well as to those of light, we are induced to reflect upon our ignorance, as well as up on our knowledge. 4. The natural history of man,

vegetables, and minerals; and, in mastering the former, we receive a key to unlock the mysteries

person unwilling to obey, the right hand is extend-is of more importance than that of all animals,
ed and projected forcibly towards him.
We were not born to sue, but to command;
Which, since we cannot do, to make you friends,
Be ready-as your lives shall answer it,
At Coventry, upon St. Lambert's day;
There-shall your swords-and lances ARBITRATE
The swelling difference of your settled hate;
Since we cannot stay you, you shall see
Justice-decide the victor's chivalry.
Lord Marshal-command our officers at arms,
Be ready-to direct these home alarms.

Silence, ye winds,

That make outrageous war upon the ocean: And thou, old ocean! lull thy boisterous waves; Ye wavering elements, be hushed as death, While I impose my dread commands on hell; And thou, profoundest hell! whose dreadful sway Is given to me by fate and demi-gorgon- [gions; Hear, hear my powerful voice, thro' all thy reAnd from thy gloomy caverns thunder the reply. Begone! forever leave this happy sphere: For perjur'd lovers have no mansions here. Look round the habitable world, how few Know their own good, or, knowing it, pursue. Happiness-does not consist so much in outward circumstances and personal gratifications, as in the inward feelings. There can be no true enjoyment of that, which is not honestly obtained; for a sense of guilt infuses into it a bitter ingredient, which makes it nauseous. What pleasure can the drunkard have in his cups, when he knows, that every drop he swallows, is so much dishonestly taken from his wife and children; and, that, to satisfy his brutal propensity, they are deprived of the necessaries of life?

Anecdote. Dr. Franklin. The following epitaph, was written by himself, many years previous to his death: "The body of Benjamin Franklin, Printer, (like the cover of an old book, its contents torn out, and stripp'd of its lettering and gilding,) lies here food for worms; yet the work itself shall not be lost; for it will, (as he believed,) appear once more in a new and more beautiful edition, corrected and amended by the Author." He is a parricide to his mother's name, And with an impious hand murthers her famme, That wrongs the praise of women; that dares write Libels on saints, or with foul ink requite The milk they lent us.

None think the great unhappy, but the great.

of the latter. 5. Some professors of religion boast of their ignorance of science; and some would. be philosophers, treat with contempt, all truths, that are not mathematical, and derived from facts: which show the greatest folly?

Effects of Success. If you would revenge yourself on those who have slighted you, be successful; it is a bitter satire on their want of judgment, to show that you can do without them,-a galling wound-to the self-love-of proud, inflated people; but you must reckon on their hatred, as they will never forgive you.

VARIETIES.

They never fail, who die
In a good cause; the block may soak their gore:
Their heads-may sodden in the sun, their limb,
Be strung to city-gates, and castle-walls;
But still, their spirits-walk aboad. Though gears
Elapse, and others-share as dark a doom,
They but augment the deep swelling thought,
Which overpowers all others, and conduct
The world at last-to FREEDOM.

The ocean,-when it rolls aloud,
The tempest-bursting from the cloud,
In one uninterrupted peal!
When darkness-sits around the sky,
And shadowy forms-go trooping by,

And everlasting mountains reel,
All, ALL of this-is FREEDOM'S song-
"Tis pealed,-'tis pealed-ETERNALLY
JOY kneels, at morning's rosy prime,
In worship to the rising sun;
But Sorrow loves the calmer time,
When the day-god his course has run
When Night is in her shadowy car,
Pale Sorrow wakes while Joy doth sleep.
And, guided by the evening star,

She wanders forth to muse and weep.
Joy loves to cull the summer flower,
And wreath it round his happy brow:
But when the dark autumnal hour

Hath laid the leaf and blossom low,
When the frail bud hath lost its worth,

And Joy hath dash'd it from his crest,
Then Sorrow takes it from the earth,

To wither on her wither'd breast.
Oh, Liberty, thou goddess, heavenly bright,
Profuse of bliss, and pregnant with delight
Eternal pleasures in thy presence reign,
And smiling plenty loads thy wanton train

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