66. The twenty-eight consonant Proverbs. 1. Gentility, sent íc market, will sounds. For the purpose of still farther not buy even a peck of corn. 2 He, that is developing and training the voice, and ear, warm, thinks others so. 3. A true friend-should for reading, speaking, and singing, a system- venture, sometimes, to be a little offensive. 4. It atic, and thorough practice, on the twenty- is easy to take a man's part; but the difficulty is eight consonants, is absolutely essential: in to maintain it. 5. Misfortunes-seldom come which exercises, it is of the first importance, alone. 6. Never quit certainty-for hope. 7. One to make the effort properly, and observe the-beats the bush, and another-catches the bird. exact positions of the organs. These conso-8. Plough, or not plough, you must pay your nants are either single, double, or triple; ard some of them are vocal sounds, (sub-tonics, or sub-vowels,) others, merely aspirates, breath sounds or atonics: let them be analyzed and presented according to their natures, and uses. rent. 9. Rome-was not built in a day. 10. Seek till you find, and you will not lose your labor. 11. An oak-is not felled by one stroke. 12. A display of courage—often causes real cowardice. Party Spirit. The spirit of party-unquestionably, has its source in some of the 67. B has but one sound, which is native passions of the heart; and free gov its name sound: BA; baa, ball, bat; be, beg; bide, bid; bode, boon, boss; bute, buss, brute; boil, bound; a rob-in im ernments naturally furnish more of its ali ment, than those under which liberty of speech, and of the press is restrained, by the strong arm of power. But so naturally does and remorseless is it in its excess; so ruthless is the war which it wages against private character; so unscrupulous in the choice of means for the attainment of selfish ends; so sure is it, eventually, to dig the grave of those free institutions of which it pretends to be the necessary accompaniments; so inev bibed blub-bers from a bob-bin, [B in BA.] and gob-bled for cab-bage; the robber blab-party run into extremes; so unjust, cruel, bed bar-ba-rous-ly, and bam-boo-zled the tab-by na-bob; Ja-cob dab-bled in ribbons, and played hob-nob with a cob-ler; the bab-oon ba-by gab-bled its gib-ber-ish, and made a hub-bub for its bib and blackber-ries; the rab-ble's hob-by is, to browbeat the bram-ble bushes for bil-ber-ries, and bribe the boo-by of his bom-has-tic black-itably does it end in military despotism, and bird. 68. By obtaining correct ideas of the sounds of our letters, and their influences over each other; of the meaning and pronunciation of words, and their power over the understanding and will of man, when properly arranged into sentences, teeming with correct thought and genuine feeling, I may, with proper application and exercise, become a good reader, speaker, and writer. Notes. 1. To get the vocal sound of b, speak its name, be, and then make a strong effort to pronounce it again, compress ing the lips closely; and the moment you give the sound of be, when you get to e, stop, and you will have the right sound; or, pronounce ub, in the usual way, then, with the teeth shut, and the lips very close, prolonging the last sound; and, in both cases, let none of the sound of b, come into the mouth, or pass through the nose. 2. It was in analyzing and practicing the sounds of the letters, and the different pitches and qualities of voice, that the author became acquainted with the principles of VENTRILOQUISM, (or vocal modulation, as it should be called,) which art is perfectly simple, and can be acquired and practiced by almost any one of common organization. Begin by swallowing the sound, suppress ang and depressing it. 3. B is silent in debt, sult-le, doubt, lamb, sɔmb, dumb, thumb, limb, crumb, sult-le-ty, suc-cumb, ¿dell-ium, Anecdote. A beautiful English countess said, that the most agreeable compliment she ever had paid her, was from a sailor in the street; who looked at her, as if fascinated, and exclaimed, "Bless me! let me light my pipe at your eyes.” We risc-in glory, as we sink-in pride ; how the voice and influence of a good man unmitigated tyrany; that I do not know could, with more propriety, be exerted, than in the effort to assuage its violence. Varieties. 1. Are our ideas innate, or acquired? 2. The mind that is conscious of its own rectitude, disregards the lies of common report. 3. Some are very liberal, even to profuseness, when they can be so at the expense of others. 4. There are pure loves, else, there were no white lilies. 5. The glory of wealth and external beauty-is transitory; but virtue—is everlasting. 6. We soon acquire the habits and practices, of those we live with; hence the importance of associating with the best company, and of carefully avoiding such as may corrupt and debase us. 7 The present state is totally different from what men suppose, and make, of it; the reason of our existence-is our growth in the life of heaven; and all things are moved and conspire unto it; and great might be the produce, if we were faithful to the ordinances of heaven. In eastern lands, they talk in flower's, On its leaves, a mystic language bears; 69. These arts, like all others, are made up of many little things; if I look well to them, all difficulties will vanish, or be easily overcome. Every youth ought to blush at the thought, of REMAINING ignorant, of the first principles of his native language. I can do almost ANY thing, if I only think so, and try; therefore, let me not say I CAN'T; but I WILL. 70. C has four regular sounds: first, name sound, or that of s, before e, i, and y; cede, ci-on, cypress; rec-i-pe for cel-i-ba-cy in the cit-y of Cin-cin-na-ti is Proverbs. 1. Building is a sweet impor erishing. 2. Unmanliness—is not so impolite, as over-politeness. 3. Death-is deaf, and hears no denial. 4. Every good scholar is not a good schoolmaster. 5. Fair words break no bʊnes; but foul words many a one. 6. He, who has not bread to spare, should not keep a dog. 7. If you had fewer pretended friends, and more enemies, you would have been a better man. 9. Lean liberty-is better than fat slavery. 9. Much coin-much care; much meat-much malady. 10. The submitting to one wrong-often brings another. 11. Consult your purse, before you do fancy. 12. Do what you ought, come what will a fas-ci-nat-ing sol-ace for civ-il [C in CEDE.) BO-ci-e-ty; Cic-e-ro and Ce-cil-i-as, with tac-it re-ci-proc-i-ty di-lac-er-ate the a-cid Anecdote. The Psalter. The Rev. Mr. pum-ice with the fa-cile pin-cers of the M-, paid his devoirs to a lady, who was previce-ge-rency; the a-ces-cen-cy of the cit-possessed in favor of a Mr. Psalter: her parrons in the pla-cid cel-lar, and the im-bec-ile tiality being very evident, the former took lic-o-rice on the cor-nice of the prec-i-pice occasion to ask, (in a room full of company,) ex-cite the dis-ci-pline of the doc-ile di-oc-pray Miss, how far have you got in your Psalter 2" The lady archly replied,—As far as "Blessed is the man.” e-san. 71. Lisping—is caused by permitting the tongue to come against, or between the front teeth, when it should not; thus, substituting the breath sound of TH for that of s or SH. This bad habit may be avoided or overcome by practicing the above and similar combinations, with the teeth closely and firmly set not allowing the tongue to press against the teeth, nor making the effort too near the front part of the mouth. The object to be attained is worthy of great efforts: many can be taught to do a thing, in a proper manner, which they would never find out of themselves. Book Keeping-is the art of keeping accounts by the way of debt and credit. It teaches us all business transactions, in an exact manner, so that, at any time, the true state of our dealings may be easily known. Its principles are simple, its conclusions nat ural and certain, and the proportion of its parts complete. The person, who buys or receives, is Dr. (Debtor,) the one who sells, or parts with any thing, is Cr. (Creditor :) that is, Dr. means your charges against the per 72. Irregulars. Soften has this sound; son; and Cr. his against you: therefore, when rise and pro-gress. The pre-cise Sal-lust, starts on stilts, and assists the earths in the you sell an article, in charging it, say, “ To so and so," (mentioning the article, weight, u-ni-verse for con-science' sake: he spits base brass and subsists on stripes; the quantity, number, amount, &c.) “so much :” ma-gis-trates sought; So-lus boasts he but when you buy, or receive any thing, in twists the texts and suits the several giving credit for it, say, By so and so; men sects; the strong masts stood still in the fi- tioning particulars as before. A knowledge nest streets of Syr-a-cuse; Se-sos-tris, still of Book-keeping is important to every one strutting, persists the Swiss ship is sunk, who is engaged in any kind of business; while sweetness sits smiling on the lips. and it must be evident, that for the want of Swan swam over the sea; well swumit-many losses have been sustained, great swan; swan swam back again; well swum swan. Sam Slick sawed six sleek slim slippery saplings. Amidst the mists he thrusts his fists against the posts, and insists he sees the ghosts in Sixth street. Notes. 1. S has the above sound, at the beginning of words, and other situations, when preceded or followed by an aurupt, or a breath consonant. 2. To make this aspirate, place the organs as in the engraving, and begin to whisper the word see; out give none of the sound of e. Never permit sounds to coalesce, that ought to be heard distinctly; hosts, costs, &c. 4. Don't let the teeth remain together an instant, after the sound is made; rather not bring them quite together. 5. C is silent in the follow ing: Czar, arbuscles, victuals, Czarina, ( í long e,) muscle, iudicta ole, and second c in Connecticut. Hear, then, my argument; confess we mast, injustice done, and many law-suits entailed. Varieties. 1. Ought lotteries to be abolished? 2. Carking cares, and anxious apprehensions are injurious to body and mind. 3. A good education-is a young man's best capital. 4. He, that is slow to wrath, is better than the mighty. 5. Three difficult things are-to keep a secret, to forget an injury, and make good use of leisure hours. 6. If one speaks from an evil affection, he may influence, but not enlighten; he may cause blind acquiescence, but not actum from a conscious sense of right. 7. Men have just so much of life in them, as they have of pure truth and its good-implanted and growing in them. Would you live an angel's days? 73. A perfect knowledge of these elementary and combined sounds, is essential to my becoming a good elocutionist, and is an excellent preparation for studying any of the modern languages: I must master them, or I cannot succeed in acquiring a distinct, appropriate, graceful and effective enunciation; but resolution, self-exertion and perseverance are almost omnipotent: I will try them and see. 74. The second sound of C, is hard, or like k, before a, o, u, k, l, r, t; and generally at the end of words and syllables. Came, car, call, cap; cove, coon, cot; cute cut, crude; coil, cloud; Clark comes to catch clams, crabs and [C in CAR.] craw-fish to cram his cow; the croak-ing sceptic, in rac-coon moc-a-sins, suc-cumbs to the arc-tic spec-ta-cle, and ac-com-modates his ac-counts to the oc-cult stuc-co of the e-clip-tic; the crowd claims the clocks, and climbs the cliffs to clutch the crows that craunched the bu-col-ics of the mi-cro-cosm. 75. The chest should be comparatively quiescent, in breathing, speaking and singing; and the dorsal and abdominal muscles be principally used for these purposes. All children are naturally right, in this particular; but they become perverted, during their primary education: hence, the author introduces an entirely new mode of learning the letters, of spelling, and of teaching to read without a book, and then with a book; the same as we learn to talk. The effort to produce sounds, and to breathe, must be made from the lower muscles, above alluded to: thus by the practice of expelling, (not exploding) the vowel sounds, we return to truth and nature. Notes. 1. To produce the gutteral aspirate, whisper the imaginary word hus, (u short;) or the word book, in a whispering voice, and the last sound is the one required: the posterior, or root of the tongue being pressed against the uvula, or veil of the palate. 2. Observe the difference between the names of .etters and their peculiar sounds. In giving the names of consonanti, we use one, or more vowels, which make no part of the consonant sound; thus, we call the letter C by the name see; but the ce make no part of its sound, which is simply a hiss, made by forc ing the air from the lungs, through the teeth, when they are shut, as indicated by the engraving; similar facts attend the other consonants. 3. H, is silent before n;-as the knavieh knight Anucitlej and kneeled to the knit knobs of the knees' knick-knacks, &c. ; GA have this sound in lough, (lock, a lake; Irish ;) bough, ( hжA, joint of a hind leg of a beast.) Proverbs. 1. Every dog has his day, and every man his hour. 2. Forbid a fool a thing, and he'll do it. 3. He inust rise betimes, that would please every body. 4. It is a long lane that has no turning. 5. Judge not of a ship, as she lies on the stocks. 6. Let them laugh that win. 7. No great loss but there is some small gain. 8. Never too old to learn. 9. No condition so low, but may have hopes; and none so high, but may have fears. 10. The wise mar thinks he knows but little; the fool-thinks he knows all. 11. Idleness-is the mother of vice. 12. When liquor is in, sense-is out. Anecdote. William Penn-and Thomas Story, on the approach of a shower, took shelter in a tobacco -house; the owner of which-happened to be within: he said to the traveler,-"You enter without leave ;do you know who I am? I am a Justice of the Peace." To which Mr. Story replied"My friend here-makes such things as thee;-he is Governor of Pennsylvania.” Eternal Progress. It is not only comforting, but encouraging, to think that mind-is awaking; that there is universal progress. Men are borne onward,-whether they will or not. It does not matter, whether they believe that it is an impulse from within, or above, that impels them for. ward; or, whether they acknowledge that it is the onward tendency of things, controlled by Divine Providence: onward they must go; and, in time, they will be blessed with a clearness of vision, that will leave them at no loss for the whys and the where fores. 76, Irregulars. Ch often have this sound; (the h is silent ;) also q and k-always when not silent; the queer co-quette kicks the chi-mer-i-cal ar-chi-tect, for cat-e-chising the crit-i-cal choir about the charac-ter of the chro-mat-ic cho-rus; Tich-icus Schenck, the quid-nunc me-chan-ic of Mu-nich, qui-et-ly quits the ar-chieves of the Tus-can mosque, on ac-count of the ca-cher-y of cac-o-tech-ny; the piq-uant crit-ic quaked at the quilt-ing, and asked ques-tions of the quorum of quil-ters. Varieties. 1. To pay great attention to 77. The expression of affection is the legitimate function of sound, which is an el-trifles, is a sure sign of a little mind. 2. ement prior to, and within language. The Which is worse, a bad education, or no eduaffections produce the varieties of sound, cation? 3. The mind must be occasionally whether of joy or of grief; and sound, in indulged with relaxation, that it may return speech, manifests both the quality and quan- to study and reflection with increased vigor. tity of the affection: hence, all the music is 4. Love, and love only, is the loan for love. in the vowel sounds: because, all music is 5. To reform measures, there must be a from the affectuous part of the mind, and change of men. 6. Sudden and violent vowels are its only mediums of manifesta- changes are not often productive of advan tion. As music proceeds from affection and is addressed to the affection, a person does tage-to either church, state or individual. not truly sing, unless he sings from affec-7. True and sound reason-must ever action; nor does a person truly listen, and derive the greatest enjoyment from the music, unless he yields himself fully to the affection, which the music inspires. cord with scripture: he who appeals to one, must appeal to the other; for the word within us, and the word without us—are and bear testimony to each other. one, 78. These principles must be faithfully) 82. The perfection of music, as well as studied and practiced, with a particular refer- of speech, depends upon giving the full and ence to the expulsion of the short vowel free expression of our thoughts and affec sounds, and the prolongation of the long tions, so as to produce corresponding ones in ones; which exhibit quantity in its elementa- the minds of others. This is not the work of ry state. I must exercise my voice and mind, a day, a month, or a year; but of a life; for in every useful way, and labor to attain an it implies the full development of mind and intimate knowledge of my vocal and mental body. The present age presents only a fain capacity; then I shall be able to see any de-idea, of what music and oratory are capable fects, and govern myself accordingly. 79. The third sound of C, is like that of Z: suffice; the discerner at sice, dis-cern-i-bly dis-cerns discern-i-ble things with dis-cern-ing dis-cern-ment, and dis-cern-i-ble ness; the sac-ri-fi-cer, in sac-ri-fi- [C in SICE.] cing, sac-ri-fi-ces the sac-ri-fice on the altar of sac-ri-fice, and suf-fi-ceth the law of sacri-fice. These are nearly all the words in our language, in which c, sounds like z. of becoming; for we are surrounded, and loaded, with almost as many bad habits (which prevent the perfect cultivation of humanity,) as an Egyptian mummy is of folds of linen. Let the axe of truth, of principle, be laid at the root of every tree that does not bring forth good fruit. Which do we like better-error, or truth? Proverbs. 1. A man may be strong, and not mow well. 2. It is easier to keep out a bad associate, than to get rid of him, after he has been admitted. 3. Consider well what you do, whence you come, and whither you go. 4. Every fool can find faults, that a great many wise men cannot mend. 5. He who follows his own advice, must take the consequences. 6. In giv. do not blush. 8. Murder-will out. 9. Nothing that is violent-is permanent. 10. Old foxes want no tutors. 11. The first chapter of fools is, to esteem themselves wise. 12. God-tempers the wind-to the shorn lamb. Anecdote. Doctor-'em. A physician, having been out gaming, but without success, his servant said, he would go into the next field, and if the birds were there, he would doctor-'em.' "Doctor-'em,-what do you mean by that?" inquired his master: "Why, kill 'em, to be-sure,"-replied the servant. 80. Vowels are the mediums of conveying the affections, which impart life and warmth to speech; and consonants, of the thoughts, which give light and form to it; hence, all letters that are not silent, shoulding, and taking, it is easy mistaking. 7. Letters be given fully and distinctly. The reasonwhy the brute creation cannot speak, is, because they have no understanding, as men have; consequently, no thoughts, and of course, no articulating organs: therefore, they merely sound their affections, instead of speaking them; being guided and influenced by instinct, which is a power given them for their preservation and continuance. 81. Irregulars. S, Z, and X, sometimes are thus pronounced; as, the pres-i-dent resigns his is-o-la-ted hou-ses, and ab-solves the grea-sy hus-sars of Is-lam-ism; the puz-zler puz-zles his brains with na-sal pains, buz-zes about the trees as much as he plea-ses, and re-sumes the zig-zag giz-zards of Xerx-es with dis-sol-ving huz-zas; Xan-thus and Xen-o-phon dis-band the pis-mires, which dis-dain to dis-guise their dis-mal phiz-es with their gris-ly beards; Zion's zeal breathes zeph-yrs upon the paths of truths, where resides the soul, which loves the tones of music coming up from Nat-ure's res-o-nant-often leads persons to give way to their tém-ples. Notes. 1. This vocal diphthongal sound is made by clos ing the teeth, as in making the name sound of C, and producing The 2d sound of a in the larynx, ending with a hissing sound; or it may be made by drawing out the sound of z in zest. 2. S, tollowing a vocal consonant, generally sounds like Z: tubs, adds; eggs; needs; pens; cars, &c. ; but following an aspirate, or breath ensonant, it sounds like e in cent, facts, tips, muffs, cracks, &c. Would you taste the tranquil scene? And much it 'vails you-in their place, Be always as merry as ever you can, Varieties. 1. Which has caused most evil, intemperance, war, or famine? 2. Power, acquired by guilty means, never was, and never will be exercised-to pro mote good ends. 3. By applying ourselves diligently to any art, science, trade, or profession, we become expert in it. 4. To be fond of a great variety of dishes—is a sure proof of a perverted stomach. 5. Prosperity passions, and causes them to forget whence In pleasure's dream, or sorrow's hour, Who more than he is worth doth spend, Ev'n makes a rope-his life to end 83. Elocution or vocal delivery, relates Proverbs. 1. He who sows brambles,`must to the propriety of utterance, and is exhib-not go barefoot. 2. It is better to do well, than ited by a proper enunciation, inflection and to say well. 3. Look before you leap. 4. Noteemphasis; and signifies the manner of de-ing is so bad as not to be good for some-thing. 5. livery. It is divided into two parts; the cor- One fool in a house is enough. 6. Put off your rect, which respects the meaning of what is armor, and then show your courage. 7. A right read or spoken; that is, such a clear and ac- choice is half the battle. 8. The fox-is very curate pronunciation of the words, as will cunning; but he is more cunning, that catches render them perfectly intelligible; and the him. 9. When a person is in fear, he is in no rhetorical, which supposes feeling; whose state for enjoyment. 10. When rogues fall out object is fully to convey, and enforce, the honest men get their due. 11. Reward-is certain entire sense, with all the variety, strength, to the faithful. 12. Deceit-shows a little mini. and beauty, that taste and emotion demand. 84. The fourth sound of C is SH; after the accent, followed by ea, ia, ie eo, cou, and iou; O-CEAN; ju-di-cious Pho-ci-on, te-na-cious of his luscious spe-cies, ap-preci-ates his con-sci-en-tious as-so- [Ci CIA. ] ci-ate, who e-nun-ci-ates his sap-o-na-cious pre-science: a Gre-cian pro-fi-cient, with ca-pa-cious su-per-fi-cies and hal-cy-on pronun-ci-a-tion, de-pre-ci-ates the fe-ro-cious gla-ciers, and ra-pa-cious pro-vin-cial-isms of Cap-a-do-cia. 85. The business of training youth in Elocution, should begin in childhood, before the contraction of bad habits, and while the character is in the rapid process of formation. The first school is the NURSERY: here, at 'east, may be formed a clear and distinct ar iculation; which is the first requisite for good reading, speaking and singing: nor can ease and grace, in eloquence and music, be separated from ease and grace in private life, tened attentively to a long, diffuse and highAnecdote. A gentleman, who had lis ly ornamented prayer, was asked, by one of the members, "if he did not think their minister was very gifted in prayer.' Yes;" he replied, "I think it as good a Prayer as was ever offered to a imgrega tion." Our Persons. If our knowledge of the outlines, proportions, and symmetry of the human form, and of natural attitudes and appropriate gestures were as general as it ought to be, our exercises would be deter mined by considerations of health, grace and purity of mind; the subject of clothing would be studied in reference to its true out, and a tasteful adornment of the person; purposes-protection against what is withdecency would no longer be determined by fashion, nor the approved costumes of the and ease of carriage; and in the place of day be at variance with personal comfort fantastic figures, called fashionably dressed persons, moving in a constrained and artifi86. Irregulars. S, t, and ch, in many cial manner, we would be arrayed in vestwords are thus pronounced: the lus-cious ments adapted to our size, shape, and unduno-tion of Cham-pagne and prec-ious su- lating outline of form, and with drapery gar, in re-ver-sion for pa-tients, is suf-fi- flowing in graceful folds, adding to the cient for the ex-pul-sion of tran-sient ir-ra-elasticity of our steps, and to the varied tion-al-i-ty from the ju-di-cial chev-a-liers movements of the whole body. of Mich-i-gan, in Chi-ca-go; (She-caw-go,) the nau-se-a-ting ra-ci-oc-i-na-tions of sensu-al char-la-tans to pro-pi-ti-ate the passion-ate mar-chion-ess of Che-mung, are mi-nu-ti-a for ra-tion-al fis-ures to make E-gyptian op-ti-cians of." and in the social circle. Notes. 1. This aspirate diphthongal sound may be made, by prolonging the letters sh, in a whisper, show. See engraving. 2. Beware of prolonging this sound too much. 3. Exercise all the from the dorsal region; i. e. the small of the back; thus girding up the muscular, or fleshy parts of the body, and let your efforts be made toins of the mind 4. If you do not feel refreshed and invigorated by these exercises, after an hour's pracuce, rest assured you are not 'n nature's path: if you meet with difficulty, be particular to in form your teacher, who will point out the cause and the remedy. True love's the gift, which God has given Pleasant the sun, Varieties. 1. The true statesman will for those, who mean to betray them. 2. never flatter the people; he will leave that Will dying for principles-prove any thing more than the sincerity of the martyr? 3. Which is the stronger passion, love, or an. ger? 4. Public speakers-ought to live longer, and enjoy better health, than others; and they will, if they speak right. 5. Mere imitation-is always fruitless; what we get from others, must be inborn in us, to produce the designed effects. 6. Times of general calamity, and revolution, have ever been productive of the greatest minds. 7. All mere external worship, in which the senses hear, and the mouth speaks, but in which the life is unconcerned, is perfectly dead, and profiteth nothing, Habitual evils-change not on a sudden ; |