ÆäÀÌÁö À̹ÌÁö
PDF
ePub

197. Accent-is made, secondly, by QUANTITY; or prolongation of sound, with expulsive force, on long accented vowels; which may be represented either by this engraving indicative of a continuous equal movement of the voice; or, by this one,

which shows the swell, continuous and diminish in combination; or, the unequal continuous. Exs. 1. The a-gent, with ar-dent -ful e-go-tism, i-dol-i-zed the o-di-ous oo-zy u-ni-form, which was fruit-ful in oi-li-ness, from the ou-ter-mosts. 2. The base-ment of the ar-mo-ry, awk-ward-ly e-qual to the i-rony of the o-li-o, was, to the moon-shine of the u-ni-verse, as an un-ob-tru-sive moi-e-ty of a Doun-cet-box.

Proverbs. 1. Men of limited attainmentsgenerally condemn every thing they cannot comprehend. 2. Wit-should flow spontaneously; it cannot be produced by study. 3. Buoyancy of spirit-greatly diminishes the pressure of misfortune. 4. The surest method of being deceived is -more cunning than others. 5. Envious persons-always view, with an evil eye, the prosperity of others. 6. It is a

-to consider ourselves

proof of mediocrity of intellect--to be addicted to story-telling. 7. When we give way to passion, we do every thing amiss. 8. Truth-needs nɔ disguise, nor does she want embellishment. 9. A mind diseased-cannot bear any thing harsh. 10. Never utter what is false, nor hesitate to speak what is true. 11. Trifles-often discover a character-more than actions of importance. 12. The Bible-is a perfect body of divinity. 198. Prolongation of Sound. Let the puBody and Mind. The science of hupil take a lesson of the ferryman. A travel-man nature-is valuable, as an introduction er arrives at the brink of a wide river, which he wishes to cross; one ferry-man is on the other side, and, by chance, one is on this side: the traveler halloos, in the common speaking voice, using principally the chest; of course his voice soon becomes dissipated. He is informed that his call cannot be heard: listen to me, says this son of nature; "0-ver, O

ver, 0

ver:" making each accented vowel two seconds long: try it and see; extending your eye and mind at a distance; which will aid the prolongation.

to the science of the Divine nature; for man-was made "in the image, and after the likeness," of his Maker: a knowledge of the former-facilitates that of the latter; and to know, revere, and humbly adore, is the first duty of man. To obtain just and impartial views of human nature, we must not disconnect the object of our study, and consider the mind, body, and actions, each by itself, but the whole man together; which may be contemplated under two different aspects, of spirit and of matter; on the body-shines the sun of nature, and on the MIND- -that better light, which is the true light: here, is a real man, having essence, form, and use, which is clad in the habili ments of beauty, and majesty; meeting us now, and which will meet us hereafter, as a purely spiritual being, in every possible stage of his future existence.

199. In exercising on accent, for a time at least, go to extremes, and make the accented vowels as prominent to the ear, as the following ones are to the eye; a-bAsement, im-pE-ri-ous, I-dol-ize, O-ver-throw, beal-ti-ful, OIl-mill, OU-ter-most. Er. 1. The lu-na-tic a-bode at the ca-the-dral, Varieties. 1. Can we be a friend, and till the an-nun-ci-a-tion, that the an-te-di- an enemy at the same time? 2. Every one lu-vi-ans-had con-vey'd the hy-dro-pho-bia should be considered innocent, till he is to Di-a-na of the E-phe-sians. 2. The pa- proved guilty. 3. It is not sufficient that you tri-ots and ma-trons of the rev-o-lu-tion, by are heard, you must be heard with pleasure. their har-mo-ni-ous co-op-e-ra-tion, de-4. There is a great difference between poetry thron'd the ty-rants that were ru-ling our peo-ple with an un-ho-ly rod of i-ron.

Anecdote. Raising Rent. "Sir, I intend to raise your rent," said a land-holder -to one of his tenants to which he replied, "I am very much obliged to you, for I cannot raise it myself.”

Notes. 1. As vowels are either long or short, different degrees of length do not affect any one of the long ones, so far as the quality of the sound is concerned; the e in de-vise, and the o, in do-main-are the same as to length, (not force,) as they are in

de-cent, do-tard; thus we have long ac-cented vowels, and long
un accented ones. 2. We make accent by quantity when the
accented vowels are long, and by st. ss when they are short. 3.
The short vowels are of the same length, but not so the long ores,
"Blessed is the man,

Who hears the voice of nature; who, retired
From bustling life, can feel the gladdening bearn
The hope, that breathes of Paradise. Thy deeds,
Sweet Peace, are music-to the exulting mind;
Thy prayer, like incense-wafted on the gale
Of morning spreads ambrosia, as the cloud
Of spicy sweets-perfumes the whispering breeze,
That scents Arabia's wild."

and rhymetry; the former grows, the latter -is made. 5. If your money is your God, it will plague you like the Devil. 6. Order

is one, in revelation, man, creation, and the universe; each-respects the other, and is a resemblance of it.

Man-is dear to man; the poorest poor
Long for some moments, in a weary life,
When they can know, and feel, that they have been
Themselves the fathers, and the dealers out
Of some small blessings-have been kind to such
As needed kindness ;-for this single cause,
That we have all of us-a human heart.

Such pleasure-is to one kind being known,
My neighbor, when, with punctual care, each week
Duly as Friday comes, though press'd herself
By her own wants, she, from her store of meas,
Takes one unsparing handful for the scrip
Of this old mendicant; and, from her dcor,
Returning with exhilarated heart,

Sits by her fire, and builds her hopes in heaven

200. Accent. The intentions of the mind--are manifested by the accent of the voice, as are those of a tailor, when he makes a gentleman's coat; or of a mantuamaker, when she makes a lady's gown; there is a meaning, an end, in all. The three great categories of knowledge are end, cause and effect; reflection and experience will convince those who would be wise, that the end or purpose, is the first thing, the cause or medium, the second, and the effect, or ultimation of the co-operation of end and cause, the third thing. Now the feeling, or affection, is the first thing; the thought-is the second thing: and the action-the third thing: the affection and the vowel sound are connected, the thought and the consonant, and all become manifest, when the word is properly made, by the application of accent, and enunciation.

201.. Now, as the affectuous part of the mind operates, especially, on those lower nerves and muscles, that are combined to produce the vowel sounds, and the intellectual part of the mind co-operates with the lungs, to form the consonant sounds, and the two unite to make the word, by the use of the accent, through the agency of which, feelings and thoughts are conveyed,-it will be perceived, that whenever there is a change of the seat of accent, there may be a corresponding change of the meaning of the word: or rather, a change of feeling produces a change of thought, and the two produce a corresponding change in the seat of accent: as-au

gust, au-gust; prod-uce, pro-duce; gal

lant, gal-lant.

202. Change of the seat of accent according to sense. They bom-bard the town, with bom-bards, and ce-ment their cannon with cem-ent, and call upon their col-leagues to col-league together, col-lect their soldiers, and offer up their col-lects. He com-ments upon their com-ments, while they com-merce about the com-merce, and com-mon-place their common-place business. The com-pact was entered into in a com-pact manner, while the soldiers com-plot together in a com-plot, and com-port themselves with a becoming comport. The farmer com-posts his fields with excellent com-post, and out of the com-pound he com-pounds a fruitful soil; which, when com-press'd, makes a very fine com-press for the grain.

My birthday what a different sound
That word had-in my youthful ears!
And how, each time-the day came round,
Less, and less white-its mark appears!
When first-our scanty years are told,
It seems like pastime-to grow old.
And as youth-counts the shining links,
That time-around him binds so fast,
Pleased with the task, he little thinks,
How hard that chain will press-al last.

Anecdote. When Lieutenant O Brien was blown up, in the Edgar, and thrown on board the Admiral, all black and wet, he said to the commander, with pleasantry, "I hope sir, you will excuse my dirty appear. ance; for I left the ship in so great a hurry, that I had not time to change my dress.""

Proverbs. 1. Every thing great-is comstronger resemblance to a mad-man than a drunposed of minute particles. 2. Nothing-bears a kard. 3. Pleasure, purchased by pain, is always injurious. 4. The act is to be judged of, by the intention of the person, who does it. 5. Theory, without practice, however plausible, seldom tends to a successful issue. 6. Reflect well, be fore you say yes, or no. 7. Be cautious-in giv ing advice, and consider-before you follow it. 8. A man, fond of disputing, will, in time, have few friends to dispute with. 9. Young people are apt to think themselves wise enough; a drunkards-think themselves sober enough. 10. Injustice-cannot exist without agents. 11. No great loss, but some small gain. 12. No smoke, without some fire.

Reading Discourses. As the reading of written discourses is so common, it is very desirable, that the speaker should unite the advantages of written, or printed composi tion, with extemporaneous speaking; which can be done by mastering the principles of this system; then, though the essay be a month, or a year old, the orator may give it all the appearance and freshness of oral discourse. Many public men have injured their health by slavishly reading their discourses, instead of speaking them; there being such an inseparable connection beto read, especially from a manuscript, tends tween thinking and breathing, that the effort to the use of the thorax, or lungs. If we were taught to read by ear, instead of by sight, there would be no difficulty in this exercise: there must be a revolution-in regard to teaching and learning this impor tant art, or sad will continue to be the consequences.

Varieties. 1. Were the Texians right, in rebelling against Mexico? 2. If woman taught the philosophy of love, who would not learn? 3. Do not yield to misfortunes; but resist them, with unceasing firmness. 4. Procrastination-is the thief of time. 5. No one is qualified to command, who has not learned to obey. 6. A laugh-costs too much, if purchased at the expense of pro priety. 7. Words, fitly spoken from a life of love, are exceedingly sweet, and profitable to all.

Beware, ye slaves of vice and infamy, Beware choose not religion's sacred name, To sanctify your crimes-your falsehood shield. Profane not your Creator's boundless power, Or lest his vengeance-fall upon, and cruah ye. It is an awful height-of human pride, When we dare-robe ourselves in sanctity, While all is dark impiety within! This, surely, is the aggregate of sin, The last to be forgiven-by heaven, or man.

Proverbs. 1. Beware of reading, wit out thinking of the subject. 2. A man rarely deceives another but once. 3. A good paymaster is lord of another man's purse. 4. He is most secure fron danger, who, even when conscious of safety, is on his guard. 5. The pitcher may go often to the well, and be broken at last. 6. A good companion, according to his own fancy. A comparison—is makes good company. 7. Let every one choose, no reason. 9. Your looking-glass-will tell you what none of your friends will. 10. The human

203. The subject of accent, being of primary importance, should be dwelt upon, till Its principles and their application, are perfectly familiar. Remember, it is the principal external means, of making words-out of letters and syllables: comparatively, it is the thread with which we make the garments for our thoughts, and thus manifest the objects which the mind has in view in clothing them in different ways, and making them alive with feeling. The mental power of ac-heart wants something to be kind to. 11. Many cent, is in the will, or voluntary principle, hands make light work. 12. Ask your purse and the physical force is from the combined what you shall buy. action of the lower muscles, in connection with the diaphragm; hence, it may be perceived, that in simply expelling vowel sounds, as always insisted upon, we at the same time, acquire the power of making the accent; for expulsion-is accent, radical, or stress. If you do not master accent, you cannot succeed in becoming an elocutionist.

204. Change of the seat of accent. On her en-trance, she was en-tranced at being es-cort-ed by a grand escort: I es-say to make an es-say to ex-ile the ex-iles: ex-port the ex-ports, with-out ex-tract-ing the extracts for the ex-tract-ors: the ab-ject fel-lows abject the gifts, and the ab-sent minded absent themselves from the party: he ab-stracts the ab-stracts and at-trib-utes the at-tri-butes to others: I lay the ac-cent on the ac-cent-ed vowel, and af-fix the af-fix to the final syllable, and make aug-ment in the right place and aug-ment the word in Au-gust, and thus make the idea au-gust.

or-tho-e-py, ar-is-toc ra-cy, ac-cept-a-ble, Ar-e-op-a-gus, ac-ces-40

cent-ed.

Notes. 1. Be careful in placing the accent on the right syllable: ad-ver-tise-ment, al-lies, com-pen-sate, in-qui-ry, de-co-rus, ry, up-right-ly: for if you place the accent on the wrong vowel, you partially pervert the meaning, or render it ridiculous: as, I saw an au-gust spectacle in August. 2. In singing, accent is always made by stress: and the first note of each full measure acLaconies. Labor is honorable in all. from the king on the throne to the mendicant in the street; and let him or her, who is ashamed to toil for themselves, or the benefit of their race, be more ashamed to consume the industry and labor of others, for which they do not render an equivalent.

The rose had been washed, just washed in a shower,
Which Mary--to Anna-conveyed;
The plentiful moisture-encumbered the flour,
And weighed down its beautiful head.

The cup was all filled, and the leaves were all wet,
And it seemed, to a fanciful view,

To weep for the buds-it had left with regret,
On the flourishing Lush-where it grew.

I hastily seized it, unfit as it was

For a nosegay, so dripping and drowned
And swinging it rudely, too rudely, alas!
I napped it,-it fell to the ground.
And such, I exclaimed, is the pitiless part,
Some act-by the delicate mind,
Regardless of wringing-and breaking a heart,
Already to sorrow resigned.

This elegant rose, had I shaken it less,

Might have bloomed with its moner awhile:

And the tear, that is wiped, with a little address,
May be followed, perhaps, by a smile.

Anecdote. Blundering on the Truth. An ignorant fellow, who was about to be married, resolved to make himself perfect in the responses of the marriage service; but, by mistake, he committed the office of bap tism for those of riper years: so, when the clergyman asked him, in the church,"Wilt thou have this woman to thy wedded wife?" The bridegroom answered, in a very solemn tone; "I renounce them all. The astonished minister said-" I think you are a fool :"-to which he replied, "All this I steadfastly believe."

-

Analogies. As, in the succession of the seasons, each, by the invariable laws of nature, affects the productions of what is next in course; so, in human life, every period of our age, according as it is well or ill spent, influences the happiness of that which is to follow. Virtuous youth generally manhood; and such manhood passes off, brings forward accomplished and flourishing without uneasiness, into respectable and tranquil old age. When nature-is turned out of its regular course, disorder takes place-in the moral, just as in the vegetable World. If the spring-put forth no blossoms, in summer-there will be no beauty, and in the autumn-no fruit. If youth-be trifled away without improvement, manhood will be contemptible and old age-miserable. If its latter end can be no other than vexation the beginnings of life-have been vanity,— of spirit.

Varieties. 1. Is there any such thing as time and space, in the world of mind? 2. Any book that is worth reading once, is worth reading twice. 3. Most misfortunes -may be turned into blessings, by watching the tide of affairs. 4. When the wicked are in power, innocence and integrity are sure to be persecuted. 5. Give people proper books, and teach them how to read them, and they will educate themselves. 6. Un limited powers-should not be trusted in the hands of any one, who is not endowed with perfection, - more than human. 7. The truths of the Bible are the seeds of order; and as is the reception, such will be the produce.

[ocr errors]

Faults in the life, breed errors in the brain,
And these, reciprocally, those again :
The mind, and conduct-mutually imprint,
And stamp their image-in each other's mint.

205. To accomplish the objects in view, Proverbs. 1. Instead of saying "I can't,' say the development and perfection of the voice "I will." 2. Acquire knowledge that may be for reading, speaking and singing, a great useful. 3. If possible, remove your own difficul variety of exercises and examples, are intro- ties. 4. Husband your time, and waste neither duced, containing sense and nonsense; and that, nor your money. 5. Try to exert a good attention can be given to both kinds, accord- influence, wherever you are. 6. A little stone can Unwearied diligence ing to their uses. Let it be remembered, that make a great bruise. 7. the forty-four sounds of the language are the the point will gain. 8. Cultivate good domestic fountains, from which are to flow every stream habits. 9. Some rather reflect truth than practics of elocution and music: and these are con- 11. Winter finds what Summer conceals. 12. Two tinually before us. No one can succeed in silently reading, or thinking over the subjects: practice is the great thing; therefore, frequently repeat the sounds, read by vowels, spell by sounds, and exercise in accent and emphasis, with all the other modifications.

206. They con-cert a plan to get up a concert, and as they con-cord the con-cords of the notes, they con-crete the con-crete tones with such admirable con-duct, as to con-duct the whole to the satisfaction of the audience. He con-fects the sugar with delicious con-fects, although he con-fines his efforts to the confines of the room; and without con-flic-ting in any serious con-flict, he con-serves the conserves in such a way as to con-sort with his con-sort without con-test-ing with any serious con-test. I will con-text the con-text, so as to con-tract the con-tract-ing in a strong con-tract, the con-vent, so as to con-vent its

inmates, while they con-verse in familiar con

verse.

207. Among the more difficult acquisitions, is the ability to prolong sounds in strongly marked accented and emphatic words, involving the kindlier feelings of our nature; to succeed in which, practice single long vowel sounds in separate words, and also in short and long phrases; as ale; are; all; ee-1; ile; oId; 00- -ze; mu- -te; pu-ss; oi- -1; r; also, old armed chair; wheel to the right; roll the flames and join the muse; glowing hope; praise the lofty dome.

ou

Notes. 1. The attempt is not made any where, to give a perfect notation of the manner in which one is to read; and me words are more or less emphatic, that are printed in common type; while certain words, which are not very important as to meaning, are printed in italics. 2. Never mind the rough appear. ance of the examples; but make them smooth in your delivery.

Anecdote. Self-love. The first consideration of a knave is-how to help himself; and the second, how to do it with an appearance of helping others. Dionysius, the ty rant, stripped the statue of Jupiter Olympus, of a robe of massy gold, and substituted a cloak of wool, saying-" Gold is too cold in winter, and too heavy in the summer-it behooves us to take care of Jupiter."

When was public virtue to be found,
Where private was not?

Can he love the whole,

Who loves no part?

He-be a nation's friend,

Who, in truth, is the friend of no man there?

it. 10. Man is a mi-cro-cosm, or little world. of a trade seldom agree.

self the connecting link, or medium, between Important. Let the orator consider him the mental and natural world: i. e. that the spiritual world is progressing down into the material world; and that all his muscles and vocal powers are the proper organs, thro' which it is to flow. Hence, the necessity of developing and training, perfectly, those mediums of communication, that every thing in the matter, may tell, effectually, in the manstate of his own mind; for, according to that ner. Much, very much depends upon the

will be the influence shed abroad on the minds of others. Conceive yourself the rep resentative of a vast concourse of associated minds, and be the true representative of your constituents.

Varieties. 1. Are fictitious writings beneficial? 2. E-go-tism (or self-commendation.) is always disgusting, and should be carefully avoided. 3. A man cannot call a better physician than himself, if he will take all the good advice he gives to others. 4. Why is the human mind like a garden? because you can sow what seeds you please in it. 5. Good and bad fortune are necessary, to prepare us to meet the contingencies of Ife. 6. Be not too much afraid of offending others, by telling the truth: nor stoop to fiattery nor meanness, to gain their favor. 7. The whole outward creation, with its every particular and movement, is but a theatre and scene of ef fects, brought forth into existence, and mov. ed by interior spiritual causes, proper to the spiritual world.

To the curious eye
A little monitor-presents her page
Of choice instruction, with her snowy bells-
The lily of the vale. She, not affects
The public walk, nor gaze of mid-day sun?
She-to no state or dignity aspires,
But, silent and alone, puts on her suit,
And sheds her lasting per-fame, but for which
We had not known-there was a thing-so sweet
Hid-in the gloomy shade. So, when the blast
Her sister tribes confounds, and, to the earth
Stoops their high heads, that vainly were exposed,
She feels it not, but flourishes anew,
Still sheltered and secure. And so the storm,
That makes the huge cim couch, and rends the oa
The humble lily spares. A thousand blows,
That shake the lofty monarch, on his throne,
We lesser folks feel not. Keen are the pains
Advancement often brings. To be sure
Be humble; to be happy, be content.

208. The question is often asked-which | Proverbs. 1. Show me a 'iar, and I wi receives the accent, the vowel or the conso-show you a thief. 2. The best mode of instruc nant? The reply is, sometimes one, and at tion is—to practice what we teach. 3. Vain gloothers, both, when they are connected. In a-ry blossoms, but never bears. 4. Well to judge, ble, the accent is all on a; in no-ble, the n depends on well to hear. 5. He who is wicked and o receive the accent, but principally the in the country, will be wicked in the town. 6. o; in pre-sume, the accent is mostly on u;7. You will never have a friend, if you must He who preaches war, is the devil's chaplain. and is imparted to s and m, terminating on the m. Although this fact is perfectly obvious, yet one book that purports to have ed through seven editions, insists that vowels are never accented. I would ask that author, what letter receives the accent of the proper name A-i in the Bible, since it has two syllables, and yet there are no consonants. Let us beware of wrong guides as well as blind

ones.

pass

have one without failings. 8. A bad man in office, is a public calamity. 9. That war only is just, which is necessary. 10. The worst of law ed by your neglect. 12. Ignorance is a misfortune is, that one suit breeds twenty. 11. Be not rain

Anecdote. An Unwelcome Visitor. A person, who often intruded himself in a reading-room and library, to which he was not a subscriber, had his pet dog turned out by the 209. Half accented vowel sounds. There crusty old sexton; who gave him a kick, sayis an inferior, or half accent, on certain words ing-"you are not a subscriber at any rate." of three or more syllables, which should be The intruder took the hint; and never apobserved; and, although given distinctly, peared again in the establishment, till he bemust be kept within the vanish of the accent-came a patron. ed ones. The dem-o-CRAT-ic con-ver-sa-tion HORACE, a celebrated Roman poet, relates, re-spect-ing the ti-x-ra was het-e-ro-GE-ne-us that a countryman, who wanted to pass a to a dem-on-STRA-tion; a met-a-PHIS-i-cal hyp-o-cox-dria is rec-om-MEN-da-to-ry of super-a-BUN-dant prod-i-GAL-i-ty: the in-compre-HEN-si-ble plen-i-po-TEN-ti-a-ry is an ampli-fi-ca-tion of hy-dro-PHO-bi-a; the per-pendic-u-LAR-i-ty of the gen-er-al-is-si-mo, and the mag-na-NIM-i-ty of the phil-an-THROP-ical re-ca-pit-u-LA-tion was char-ac-ter-is-tic of the in-cor-rup-ti-BIL-i-ty of his in-conSID-er-a-ble-ness.

river, stood loitering on the banks of it, in the foolish expectation, that a current so rapid would soon discharge its waters. But the stream still flowed, (increased perhaps by fresh torrents from the mountains,) and it must forever flow; because the source from which it is derived, is inexhaustible. Thus, the idle and irresolute youth, trifles over his books, or squanders, in childish pursuits, his precious moments, deferring the business of improvement, (which at first might be rendered easy and agreeable, but which, by delay, becomes more and more difficult,) until the golden sands of opportunity have all run, and he is called to action, without possessing the requisite ability.

10. The mere mention of Oratory, reminds us of the early times of Egypt, Greece, and Rome; when there flourished a LEVITE, who was an important instrument in delivering an ancient people from captivity; one of whose qualifications for his high office, was, that he could "speak well;"-a Demosthenes, the Varieties. 1. Has the invention of gunpow magic, music, and witchery of whose ele- der been beneficial to the world? The mind, quence, it is impossible to translate or de- like the soil, rises in value, according to the scribe;―a Cicero, whose oratory was copimus, nature and degree-of its cultivation. 3. correct, ornate, and magnificent ;-each of Labor and prudence, relieve us from three whom was pre-eminent in his own style and great evils,-vice, want, and indolence. 4. manner, the Grecian-carrying the citadel A wise man reflects, before he speaks; a by storm, and the Roman taking it after a foolish one speaks, and then reflects on what he regular and most beautifully conducted siege; has said. 5. Our happiness does not consist of a Peter, and Paul, pleading in the in being without passions, but in having cause of Heaven, and holding vast multitudes command of them. 6. Good-is never more m breathless silence, making even Judges effectually accomplished, than when produced tremble in their high places;-of more mod-by slow degrees. 7. True charity- cannot ern times, whose history presents us the name be conjoined to a persuasion of falsity, flow. of a Chatham, a Burke, and a Fox, in the as- ing from evil. sembly; and those of a Bourdaloue, Massilton, Bridane, and Whitfield, in the pulpit; also the orators of our own time and land; some of whom, in many respects, will not suffer by a comparison with any of their illustrious predecessors.

Praising-what is lost,

Makes the 7 emer brance-dear.

There's quiet-in the deep:-
Above, let tides-and tempests rave,

And earth-born whirlwinds-wake the wave;
Above, let care-and fear contend
With rin and sorrow-to the end:
Here, far beneath the tainted foam,
That frets-above our peaceful home,
We dream in joy, aud wake in love,
Nor know the rage-that yells above!
There's quict in the deep!

« ÀÌÀü°è¼Ó »