THE

FEDERAL REPORTER

SECOND SERIES

CASES ARGUED AND DETERMINED

IN THE
CIRCUIT COURTS OF APPEALS AND DISTRICT COURTS
OF THE UNITED STATES AND THE COURT OF
APPEALS OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

WITH
KEY-NUMBER ANNOTATIONS

Cite as
2F.(20)

JUDGES

IN THE

CIRCUIT COURTS OF APPEALS AND DISTRICT COURTS OF THE UNITED STATES, AND COURT OF APPEALS

OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

FIRST CIRCUIT

ARLES F. JADERSON, Circuit Maine .

on. CLARGE W. ANDESON, Circuit'. Circuit Judge

Hon. OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES, Circuit Justice ...... Washington, D. C. Hon. GEORGE HUTCHINS BINGHAM, Circuit Judge ..... Manchester, N. H. Hon. CHARLES F. JOHNSON, Circuit Judge . .......... Portland, Me. Hon. GEORGE W. ANDERSON, Circuit Judge .......... Boston, Mass. Hon. CLARENCE HALE, District Judge, Maine 1 ......... Portland, Me. Hon. JOHN A. PETERS, District Judge, Maine ........: Portland, Me. Hon. JAMES M. MORTON, Jr., District Judge, Massachusetts . New Bedford, Mass. Hon. JAMES ARNOLD LOWELL, District Judge, Massachusetts . . Boston, Mass. Hon. ELISHA H. BREWSTER, District Judge, Massachusetts . . Springfield, Mass. Hon. GEORGE F. MORRIS, District Judge, New Hampshire . . . Littleton, N. H. Hon. ARTHUR L. BROWN, District Judge, Rhode Island .... Providence, R. I.

SECOND CIRCUIT Hon. LOUIS D. BRANDEIS, Circuit Justice ......... Washington, D. C. Hon. HENRY WADE ROGERS, Circuit Judge .......... New Haven, Conn. Hon. CHARLES M. HOUGH, Circuit Judge .......... New York, N. Y. Hon. MARTIN T. MANTON, Circuit Judge . ......... New York, N. Y. Hon. LEARNED HAND, Circuit Judge ? . .......... New York, N. Y. Hon. EDWIN S. THOMAS, District Judge, Connecticut ..... Norwalk, Conn. Hon. EDWIN L. GARVIN, District Judge, E. D. New York . ... Brooklyn, N. Y. Hon. MARCUS B. CAMPBELL, District Judge, E. D. New York . Brooklyn, N. Y. Hon. ROBERT A. INCH, District Judge, E. D. New York . .... Brooklyn, N. Y. Hon. GEORGE W. RAY, District Judge, N. D. New York 3 ..... Norwich, N. Y. Hon. FRANK COOPER, District Judge, N. D. New York ...... Albany, N. Y. Hon. LEARNED HAND, District Judge, S. D. New York ? . ... New York, N. Y. Hon. AUGUSTUS N. HAND, District Judge, S. D. New York . . New York, N. Y. Hon. JOHN CLARK KNOX, District Judge, S. D. New York . . New York, N. Y. Hon. FRANCIS A. WINSLOW, District Judge, S. D. New York . . New York, N. Y. Hon. HENRY W. GODDARD, District Judge, S. D. New York . . New York, N. Y. Hon. WILLIAM BONDY, District Judge, S. D. New York . .... New York, N. Y. Hon. THOMAS D. THACHER, District Judge, S. D. New York - . New York, N. Y. Hon. JOHN R. HAZEL, District Judge, W. D. New York ...... Buffalo, N. Y. Hon. HARLAND B. HOWE, District Judge, Vermont ....... Burlington, Vt.

1 Retired under Act Feb. 25, 1919.
• Promoted to Circuit Judge December 20, 1924.

(v)

* Died January 10, 1925.
• Appointed January 21, 1925.

THIRD CIRCUIT

Hon. PIERCE BUTLER, Circuit Justice ...... . . Washington, D. C. Hon. JOSEPH BUFFINGTON, Circuit Judge ........... Pittsburgh, Pa. Hon. VICTOR B. WOOLLEY, Circuit Judge . ........ Wilmington, Del. Hon. J. WARREN DAVIS, Circuit Judge ............. Trenton, N. J. Hon. HUGH M. MORRIS, District Judge, Delaware ....... Wilmington, Del. Hon. JOHN RELLSTAB, District Judge, New Jersey ... ... Trenton, N. J. Hon. CHARLES F. LYNCH, District Judge, New Jersey ...... Newark, N. J. Hon. JOSEPH L. BODINE, District Judge, New Jersey .....Trenton, N. J. Hon. WM. N. RUNYON, District Judge, New Jersey ........ Newark, N. J. Hon. J. WHITAKER THOMPSON, District Judge, E. D., Pa. . . Philadelphia, Pa. Hon. OLIVER B. DICKINSON, District Judge, E. D. Pennsylvania . Philadelphia, Pa. Hon. CHARLES L. McKEEHAN, District Judge, E. D., Pa. . . . Philadelphia, Pa. Hon. CHARLES B. WITMER, District Judge, M. D. Pennsylvània .. Sunbury, Pa. Hon. ROBERT M. GIBSON, District Judge, W. D. Pennsylvania . . Pittsburgh, Pa. Hon. W. H. SEWARD THOMSON, District Judge, W. D., Pa. . . . Pittsburgh, Pa. Hon. FREDERIC P. SCHOONMAKER, District Judge, W. D., Pa..... Erie, Pa.

FOURTH CIRCUIT

Hon. WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT, Circuit Justice ....... Washington, D. C. Hon. CHARLES A. WOODS, Circuit Judge ............ Marion, S. C. Hon. EDMUND WADDILL, Jr., Circuit Judge .......... Richmond, Va. Hon. JOHN C. ROSE, Circuit Judge, Maryland .......... Baltimore, Md. Hon. MORRIS A. SOPER, District Judge, Maryland ....... Baltimore, MD. Hon. HENRY G. CONNOR, District Judge, E. D. North Carolina 5 . . Wilson, N. C. Hon. ISAAC M. MEEKINS, District Judge, E. D. North Carolina 6 Elizabeth City, N. C. Hon. JAMES E. BOYD, District Judge, W. D. North Carolina . . Greensboro, N. C. Hon. EDWIN Y. WEBB, District Judge, W. D. North Carolina . . . Charlotte, N. C. Hon. ERNEST F. COCHRAN, District Judge, E. D., S. C. .... Charleston, S. C. Hon. HENRY H. WATKINS, District Judge, W. D., S. C. .... Anderson, S. C. Hon. D. LAWRENCE GRONER, District Judge, E. D. Virginia ... Norfolk, Va Hon. HENRY CLAY MCDOWELL, District Judge, W. D. Virginia . Lynchburg, Va. Hon. GEORGE W. MCCLINTIC, District Judge, S. D., W. Va. . Charleston, W. Va. Hon. WILLIAM E. BAKER, District Judge, N. D. West Virginia . Elkins, W. Va.

FIFTH CIRCUIT

Hon. EDWARD T. SANFORD, Circuit Justice ......... Washington, D. C. Hon. RICHARD W. WALKER, Circuit Judge .......... Huntsville, Ala. Hon. NATHAN P. BRYAN, Circuit Judge ......... . . Jacksonville, Fla. Hon. ALEXANDER C. KING, Circuit Judge? ........... Atlanta, Ga. Hon. RUFUS E. FOSTER, Circuit Judge 8 ........... New Orleans, La. Hon. HENRY D. CLAYTON, District Judge, N. and M. D., Ala. . Montgomery, Ala. Hon. WILLIAM I. GRUBB, District Judge, N. D. Alabama . . . Birmingham, Ala. Hon. ROBERT T. ERVIN, District Judge, S. D. Alabama ....... Mobile, Ala. Hon. WILLIAM B. SHEPPARD, District Judge, N. D. Florida . . Pensacola, Fla. Hon. RHYDON M. CALL, District Judge, S. D. Florida ..... Jacksonville, Fla. Hon. LAKE JONES, District Judge, S. D. Florida .......... Tampa, Fla. Hon. SAMUEL H. SIBLEY, District Judge, N. D. Georgia ...... Atlanta, Ga.

• Died November 23, 1924.
* Appointed January 7, 1925.

Resigned January 1, 1925.
• Appointed Circuit Judge January 13, 1925.