The Military Religious Orders of the Middle Ages: The Hospitallers, the ... - Frederick Charles Woodhouse - Google 도서

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CONTENTS.

The origin of Chivalry-Primitive laws of rank-The use of

the horse in war-The term Chevalier-The growth of

the medieval system of Knighthood-Charlemagne-The

suppression of brigandage-King Arthur-The feudal lord

and the bishop-Ceremonial for the creation of a Knight

—The value of Chivalry as an aid to civilization—Knight-

errantry-Improvement of Woman's social position-The

Pagan and the Christian warrior compared-The duties

of a true Knight

PAGE

THE KNIGHTS OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM,

OR KNIGHTS HOSPITALLERS.

The eleventh century-Pilgrimage to Jerusalem-Diffi-

culties of pilgrims from Europe-The two Italian mer-

chants-The first Hospital of St. John at Jerusalem-

Jerusalem taken by the Turcomans-New miseries of

pilgrims-Peter the Hermit-The First Crusade ...

The history of the Holy Places-The Egyptians-The Greeks

-Mecca-India-The Jews-The Christians-Testimony

of primitive writers-The Holy Sepulchre-The Empress

Helena Chosroes Omar Christian pilgrimage - Its

abuses-Early protests against them-The cruelties in-

flicted on pilgrims by the Mahometans-The Council of

Jerusalem in the hands of the Crusaders-St. John's

Hospital-The Order of St. John-Its growth and increase

—Gerard-Raymond Dupuy-The Order becomes mili.

tary-Its constitution-Ceremony for the reception of a

Antioch besieged by the Turcomans-The Knights of St.

John in the field-Papal Brief-Increased wealth of the

Order-Difficulties and dangers-Abuses-The Second

Crusade Decline of Christian power in the East-Saladin

-Jerusalem captured-Legend of Saladin-Letter of

Thierry the Templar — Feeling in Europe-A New

Crusade-Richard Cœur de Lion-The siege of Acre-

Description of the city

Last acts of Saladin-His death-Quiet time for the

Christians-Reformation of the Order of St. John-

Famine-Matthew Paris-Description of the departure of

Hospitallers from London-Another Crusade-Siege of

Constantinople-An Eastern Latin Emperor-The wars

carried on by the Knights of St. John-Testimony of an

eye-witness as to the spirit of the Order-Capture of

Damietta-Charges against the Order-The Grand Master

visits the courts of Europe-The siege of Acre by Melec

Seraf-Fanatical bravery of the Moslems-The city taken

-Terrible scenes

The Order homeless-Chapter at Cyprus-Naval expeditions

-The Sultan of Egypt attacks Cyprus-Successes in

Palestine-Rhodes granted to the Order-Difficulties-The

Grand Master Villaret-The Order established in Rhodes

-Rise of the Turks-Othman attacks Rhodes-The

Order receives some of the possessions of the Templars-

The Grand Master a sovereign prince-Disputes and

schism-Institution of Langes-Advance of the Turks-

The galleys of the Order-Gallantry of the Grand Master

Papal schism-Schism in the Order of St. John-Conquests

of the Turks in the East-Bajazet-Battle of Nicopolis-

Tamerlane-Bajazet taken prisoner-Smyrna taken—The

Order releases captives and slaves-Power of the Order-

The Sultan's treaty with the Knights-Papa! abuses-The

Council of Constance-The Sultan of Egypt attacks

Cyprus and Rhodes

Weakness of the Eastern Empire-Mahomet II.-Siege of

Constantinople-A new era in warfare-Capture and sack

of Constantinople-Rhodes the bulwark of Christendom-

The Venetians make war upon the Order-Negropont

taken by the Turks-Their cruelties-Their bad faith-

The services of the Order in keeping back the Turks—A

touching incident

Peter D'Aubusson Grand Master-His character and ability

-Letter to the members of the Order-The Sultan's

designs upon Rhodes--D'Aubusson's address to the Knights

-State of Rhodes-The Turkish expedition against the

...

The Turks effect a landing at Rhodes-The fortifications-

The Turkish attack-A spy and traitor-A general assault

-Bravery of the Grand Master-Terrible cannonade-

D'Aubusson refuses to surrender-Unexpected attack-

Danger of capture-The Turks raise the siege-The

results of the defence of Rhodes-Death of Mahomet II.

The sons of Mahomet II.-Zizim seeks refuge with the

Knights of St. John-Intrigues of Pope Alexander VI.—

Remonstrance of the Grand Master-D'Aubusson regulates

the internal discipline of the Order-Death of D'Aubusson

-Operations of the Turks-Exploits of the Knights of

St. John-Capture of a valuable ship-Sultan Selim-

Solyman II. - Rhodes threatened - Inertness of the

Christian powers-L'Isle Adam Grand Master-Envy and

treachery of d'Amaral-Preparations at Rhodes-The

Italian Lange in schism

Description of Rhodes-Letter from the Sultan-The

Turkish fleet arrives at Rhodes-A splendid pageant-

Preparations for the siege and defence-A treacherous

plot discovered-Arrival of Solyman-His address to his

army · Mutiny — Renewed attack-The gunpowder of

the fortress runs short-The garrison surprised-Repeated

assaults-Bravery and ability of the Grand Master-A

desperate attack-Perilous position of the city-Con-

viction and execution of D'Amaral

Succour for Rhodes not forthcoming-Distress within the city

-The Grand Master urged to capitulate-A treaty pro-

posed and accepted-L'Isle Adam visits the Sultan-

Rhodes evacuated by the Order of St. John-The Knights

PAGE

-

land at Messina - A general chapter summoned-The

Grand Master retires to Naples-Search for a new home

—Report on Malta and Tripoli—The Order suppressed in

England-Its position in other countries-Influence of

L'Isle Adam-Malta offered and accepted-New difficulties

-The Grand Master lands in Malta-Death of L'Isle

Barbarossa-Siege of Goletta-Horrible cruelties-Naval

power of the Order of St. John-Their great ship-

Progress of the Turkish conquests-Siege of Algiers—

Acts of bravery-Tripoli-Dragut's power in the Mediter-

ranean-The Sultan sends an expedition against Malta-

It is unsuccessful-An attack on Tripoli-It surrenders

The fortifications of Malta strengthened-Unfortunate ex-

pedition against Zoara-Queen Mary of England reinstates

the Order-Hurricane-La Valette elected Grand Master

-Constant war with the Turks-The Sultan's irritation

against the Order-La Valette's address to the Knights-

Description of Malta-Its defences...

The Turkish fleet arrives at Malta-A Knight taken prisoner

and tortured-St. Elmo attacked-Critical position-

Bloody conflicts-Piety of the garrison-St. Elmo taken

-Atrocities committed by the Turks

...

Mustapha sends a flag of truce-La Valette's reply-Rein-

forcements-Forts St. Angelo and St. Michael invested—

A deserter-Arrival of Hassem-A general assault-A

magazine explodes-Peril of the garrison-Tremendous

slaughter of the assailants-Victory of the Knights

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