SYNOPSIS OF OFFENCES.

Statute.

POOR-continued.

IV. OTHER OFFENCES-continued.

61. Neglecting to pay any sum of money ordered by justices to over-
seers for or towards the maintenance of a relative.

[MEM. This section and penalty is repealed so far as regards
orders made after 31st July, 1868, by 31 § 32 Vict. c. 122, s. 36.]

62. Persons relieved out of Workhouse refusing to work.] Any poor
person to whom, or to whose wife or child (whether legitimate
or illegitimate, under 16) relief has been granted by guardians
out of workhouse, refusing or wilfully neglecting to perform the
task of work prescribed, suited to his age, sex, strength and
capacity,- -or wilfully destroying or damaging any of the tools,
material, or other property belonging to the guardians.

63. Parents neglecting their Children, whereby Health injured.] When
any parent shall wilfully neglect to provide adequate food,
clothing, medical aid, or lodging for his child, being in his
custody, under the age of fourteen years, whereby the health
of such child shall have been or shall be likely to be seriously
injured, he shall be guilty of an offence punishable on sum-
mary conviction.

[See further, Offences relating to the Poor, tit. "Vagrants,"
post.]

PORTS AND NAVIGABLE RIVERS. See tit. "Ships' Ballast," post.

POUNDBREACH.

1. Inclosed Land.] Releasing, or attempting to release, -any horse,
ass, sheep, swine, or other beast or cattle (Note 382), lawfully
seized for the purpose of being impounded, in consequence of
having been found wandering, straying, or lying or being de-
pastured on any inclosed land without consent of owner or
occupier, from the pound or place where impounded,—
-or on the
way to or from the same,

or

2. Pulling down, damaging or destroying the same pound or place,-
or any part thereof,- -or any bolt or lock belonging thereto or
therewith fastened.

[See further, Offences 60, 61, tit. "Highways," and tit.
"Turnpike Roads."

"PREVENTION OF CRIMES ACT, 1871."

43 Eliz. c. 2, s. 7.

29 & 30 Vict.

c. 113, s. 15.

31 & 32 Vict. c. 122, s. 37.

6 & 7 Vict. c. 30, s. 1.

c. 112.

[MEM. Besides those in the tit. "Convicts," ante, pp. 370-374, 34 & 35 Vict.
there are many offences punishable summarily created by this
act, which are set out in the titles stated on the opposite
page:

382"POUNDBREACH:" Meaning of "other Beast or Cattle."]

These words "or

other beast or cattle," which occur in the present statute (6 & 7 Vict. c. 30), fall within the judicial maxim propounded in Sandiman v. Breach (7 B. & C. 100), ante, p. 141;

consequently, the offences would not be punishable if committed with respect to animals and persons not of the same kind as those expressly mentioned; and it would not be advisable to apply the acts in question to any other. The same rule has since been

SYNOPSIS OF OFFENCES.

PRINTERS (Note 383).

Statute.

1. Not keeping copy of every paper they print for six months, and 39 Geo. 3, c. 79, writing thereon the name of employer,-or not producing same when required.

[N.B.-The 32 & 33 Vict. c. 24, which repeals many acts,
specially continues the provisions in this title.]

s. 29.

2. Not printing their names and residences on every paper and book meant to be published or dispersed,

or

3. Persons publishing or dispersing, or assisting in publishing or dispersing, any printed paper or book on which printer's name, &c. not printed.

[As to periodicals, see 18 & 19 Vict. c. 27.]

PRINT WORKS. See tit. "Factories and Workshops."

PRISONS. See tit. "Gaols and Houses of Correction."

PRIZE FIGHTS. See Offence 28, tit. "Railways, Offences by Com

panies."

PROMISSORY NOTES.

2 & 3 Vict.

c. 12, s. 2 (Note 383).

ss. 2, 3.

1. Any persons by any art, device or means whatsoever, publishing 48 Geo. 2, c. 88, or uttering any promissory or other notes, bills of exchange or drafts or undertakings in writing, being negotiable or transferable, for money or goods, for a less sum than 208., or on which less than 20s. shall be due,

or

2. Negotiating or transferring the same.

[See 17 Geo. 3, c. 30, as to promissory notes above 20s. and
under £5, but which is repealed by 17 & 18 l'ict. c. 83, s. 9,
as respects drafts on bankers, and by 26 & 27 l'ict. c. 105.

affirmed repeatedly, and especially in Kitchen v. Shaw, 1 N. & P. 791, and Ex parte John Hill, 3 C. & P. 225. The statute 6 & 7 Vict. c. 30, would not, therefore, extend to a bull, ox, cow, heifer, steer, calf, mule or goat. The word "cow" is in the poundbreach clause of the Turnpike Act, 3 Geo. 4, c. 126, s. 123, but the word "sheep" is omitted. The Highway Act, 1864, 27 & 28 Vict. c. 101, s. 25, is somewhat different in this respect (see Offence 62, and Note 219, ante, p. 493).

383 "PRINTERS :" Exceptions and Incorporation of Acts.] The acts in this title do not extend to papers printed by authority of parliament (39 Geo. 3, c. 79, s. 28), nor to impressions of engravings, or the printing names and addresses (sect. 31), nor do they alter provisions respecting newspapers (sect. 32), nor apply to bank notes, bills, &c., or to any paper printed by authority of any public board or public office (51 Geo. 3, c. 65, s. 3), nor to books printed at the university presses (2 & 3 Vict. c. 12, s. 3). The act 6 & 7 Will. 4, c. 76, s. 19, contains provisions for the discovery of the proprietors, printers or publishers of newspapers by a bill in equity. The act 2 & 3 Vict. c. 12, is incorporated with the 39 Geo. 3, c. 79, and 51 Geo. 3, c. 65 (2 & 3 Vict. c. 12, s. 6).

384"PROMISSORY NOTES: " Appeal under 48 Geo. 2, c. 88, s. 10.]

To the next

general quarter sessions, giving notice thereof to the informer not less than eight days before the trial of appeal, and entering into a recognizance before some justice or justices, with two sufficient sureties, conditioned to try, &c.

385 "PUBLIC HEALTH:" Definitions.] The 4th section defines the following words:

"Borough" means any place for the time being subject to the 5 & 6 Will. 4, c. 76.
"The Metropolis" means the city of London and all parishes and places mentioned
in schedules A, B and C, to the Metropolitan Management Act, 1855.
"Local Government District" means any area subject to the jurisdiction of a local
board constituted in pursuance of the local government acts before the passing
of this act, or in pursuance of this act; and "local board" means any board so
constituted.

66

Improvement Act District" means any area for the time being subject to the jurisdiction of any improvement commissioners as hereinafter defined.

SYNOPSIS OF OFFENCES.

Statute.

PUBLIC HEALTH. (38 & 39 Vict. c. 55; see Note 385.)

I. SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE.

II. PRIVIES, WATER-CLOSETS, &c.

III. SCAVENGING AND CLEANSING.

IV. WATER SUPPLY.

V. CELLAR DWELLINGS AND LODGING-HOUSES.

VI. COMMON LODGING-HOUSES.

VII. HOUSES LET IN LODGINGS.

VIII. NUISANCES.

IX. OFFENSIVE TRADES.

X UNSOUND MEAT, &c.

XI. INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND HOSPITALS.

XII. HIGHWAYS AND STREETS.

XIII. MISCELLANEOUS.

I. SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE.

1. Causing a drain to empty into a sewer of a local authority without 38 & 39 Vict. complying with provisions of sect. 21.

c. 55, s. 21.

"Parish" means a place for which a separate poor rate is or can be made, or for which a separate overseer is or can be appointed.

"Union" means a union of parishes incorporated or united for the relief of the poor under any public or local act, and includes any parish subject to the jurisdiction of a separate board of guardians.

"Person" includes any body of persons whether corporate or unincorporate. "Local Authority" means urban sanitary authority and rural sanitary authority. Surveyor" includes any person appointed by a rural authority to perform any of the duties of surveyor under this act.

66

"Lands and Premises" include messuages, buildings, lands, easements and hereditaments of any tenure.

"Owner" means the person for the time being receiving the rack-rent of the lands or premises in connection with which the word is used, whether on his own account or as agent or trustee for any other person, or who would so receive the same if such lands or premises were let at a rack-rent.

"Rack-rent" means rent which is not less than two-thirds of the full net annual value of the property out of which the rent arises; and the full net annual value shall be taken to be the rent at which the property might reasonably be expected to let from year to year, free from all usual tenant's rates and taxes, and tithe commutation rent-charge (if any) and deducting therefrom the probable average annual cost of the repairs, insurance, and other expenses (if any), necessary to maintain the same in a state to command such rent.

"Street" includes any highway (not being a turnpike road), and any public bridge (not being a county bridge), and any road, lane, footway, square, court, alley or passage, whether a thoroughfare or not.