to be thy standard: blue and purple from the † isles of 8 Elisha were thy covering. The inhabitants of Sidon and Arvad were thy rowers: thy wise men, O Tyre, that were 9 in thee, were thy pilots: the ancients of Gebal, and the wise men thereof, were in thee thy calkers. All the ships of the sea, with their mariners, were in thee to trade 10 in thy market. They of Persia, and of Lud, and of Phut, were || thy warriors in thine army: they hanged the shield and the helmet in thee; they set forth thy 11 glory. The § men of Arvad, and thine army, were upon *H. unto thee for a standard. H. the strengtheners of thy breaches. § H. sons. of Elisha.-Peloponnesus, famous for its purple. Boch. Hellas: Michaelis, spic. geogr. who observes that in the Samaritan copy the word is written ws. It is also written thus in one Hebr. MS. and the is on a rasure in another. "Nec equidem Peloponnesum excludo, in quaHellenes consedisse-dicuntur ab Herodoto." Mich. ubi supr. ―thy covering.-Perhaps the awning placed over part of the ship. Harmer. ii. 520. 8. -Arvad.-The island Aradus, at the mouth of the river Eleutherus, on the coast of Phoenicia. The Arvadite is mentioned Gen. x. 18. ―thy wise men, O Tyre.-" Videtur latere nomen loci sub literis 7137." Secker. 9 -Gebal.-Probably Biblos, on the coast of Phoenicia. E. Gibliis Græci fecere Biblios. Boch. de Phoen. col. L. 1. c. 1. p. 345. Gebal, mentioned ps. xxxiii. 7, is in Arabia. -to trade in thy market.-Ut commercia tua exerceant. Houb. Ad negotiandum negotiationem tuam. Cappellus. 17 5 MSS. See v. 27. 10. -Lud.—We read that Mizraim begat Ludim. We also read that Lud was a son of Shem. Gen. x. 13. 22. Bochart thinks that Lud denotes African Ethiopia; but Michaelis places this people westward in Africa. Both think Lud an Egyptian colony. See geogr. sacr. and Mich. spic. geogr. -Phut.-The African Nomades. Boch. 11. —and thine army.-Forte bin .. See on Nah. iii. 9. were in thine army :" as v. thy walls round about, and the Gammadim were in thy towers: they hanged their quivers upon thy walls round 12 about: they made thy beauty perfect. Tarshish was thy trafficker, through the multitude of all thy substance; with silver, iron, tin, and lead, they furnished thy fairs. 13 Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, these were thy merchants in the * persons of men; and with vessels of brass they fur *H. soul of man. 10. 7. Sic versiones. Sed videtur legendum 72. Vide v. 10. et quæ sequuntur." Secker. - Gammadim.—Probably a people of Phoenicia; and perhaps the inhabitants of Ancon, åуêèʊ and 701 signifying a cubit. Pliny mentions Gamale a city of Phoenicia ; for which some propose to read Gamade. L. ii. C. xci. ', guards, is the reading of ó. Ar. Syr. Hallet iii. 18., et Cimmerii, 8 MSS. These were anciently inhabitants of Crim Tartary. “Parvula simulacra, plerumque cubitalia, in domibus aut turribus ethnicorum, in earum tutelam, aut præsidium, collocata.” Spencer. ii. xxiv. iii. 464. 12. -quivers.—So the word signifies in Syr. See V. ó. and Jer. li. 11. Tarshish. See on Jonah i. 3. Michaelis thinks that there was only the Spanish Tarshish; and that ships sailed to it from Eziongeber round Africa. Spic. geogr. Spain was anciently remarkable for silver mines. Plin. 1. xxxiii. c. vi. -they furnished.-Dederunt sic accipiendum ut fecerunt esse nundinas tuas. Houb. 13. -Javan.-Greece. Dan. viii. 21. "Ionum nomen facile ag Tubal and Meshech.-Sons of Japheth. Gen. x. 2. The people called Tibareni and Moschi are here meant; who are generally mentioned together, and were situated towards mount Caucasus. See Bochart and Michaelis. -in the persons of men.→ ➡'Avdрañodiσтaì, or sellers of men for slaves, are branded by St. Paul as highly criminal. 1 Tim. i. 10. Thessaly abounded with them: Εμπορος ἥκων ἐκ Θετταλίας παρὰ πλείστων ἀνδραποδιστῶν. Aristoph. Plut. 521. 14 nished thy market. They of the house of Togarmalı furnished thy fairs with horses, and horsemen, and mules. 15 The * men of Dedan were thy merchants: many † isles were the mart of thine ‡ handy-work: they returned thee 16 for thy price horns, ivory, and ebony. Syria was thy * H.sons. + Or, coasts. H. hand. Bochart observes that Pontus, to which the Tibareni extended themselves, was remarkable for slaves. Mancipiis locuples eget æris Cappadocum rex. And that the Grecian slaves were the most valuable of any. Quibus Argivæ pulchræque ministrant Hor. Claud. 1. ii. in Eutropium. Nec tener Argolica missus de gente minister. Mart. iv. 66. -vessels of brass.—“ Cupri fodinas in hunc usque diem Caucasus habet, in quo et Kubescha, vicus elegantiâ vasorum aeneorum nobilitatus. Arzeri præterea, quæ est urbs Armeniæ montanæ, adeoque in vicinia Moschicorum montium sita, plurima vasa aenea fieri, cuprique fodinas tridui abesse, auctor est Buschingius." Mich. Spic. Geogr. 50. 14 Togarmah.—Some think that the Turcomanni are thus called. Bochart supposes that Cappadocia is meant. Michaelis prefers Armenia ; which abounded in horses, and among the inhabitants of which a tradition prevailed that they were descended from Thorgom. The Greek scholiast on Ezekiel says, that some understood Togarmah of the Armenians : on which Michaelis lays much stress. Spic. geogr. p. 76. See Gen. x. 3. and c. xxxviii. 6. 15. -Dedan.-A city in the Persian Gulf, no called Daden. Boch. Mich. To this place the inhabitants of the eastern isles, or sea-coasts, brought their wares. -the mart.- 1 MS. the marts. -horns.—Some think that the long horns of the ibex, a kind of goat, are meant. Of these cups and bows were formed 16. ebony. Sola India nigrum -Syria.-Edom. Syr. 8 6. Ar. Syr. Hexapl. 13 MSS. 10 trafficker, through the multitude of thine handy-works; with rubies, purple, and embroidered work, and fine linen, and coral, and carbuncles, they furnished thy fairs. 17 Judah, and the land of Israel, * were thy merchants: honey, and oil, and Damascus was thy with wheat, myrrh, and panic, and 18 balm, they furnished thy market. trafficker in the multitude of thine handy-works, through the multitude of all thy substance; in the wine of Helbon, H. these were. originally. See De Rossi. “The Syrian trade is mentioned afterwards under the name of Damascus ; and some merchandises are also mentioned which are not proper for Syria. The Syrians could buy purple from Tyre, but sell none to Tyre." Michaelis. ——carbuncles.—Some sparkling gem; the root of the original word being 777 scintilla. thy fairs.-Three MSS. omit the preposition in the original. See v. 12, 13. and Houbigant. 17. - with wheat, myrrh.—The present reading is, "with wheat of Minnith," a city or district of the Ammonites, Judg. xi. 33. Houbigant reads with 6. ; see Gen. xliii. 11: and observes that a produce of Judah or Israel must be referred to, and that wheat of Minnith is wholly unknown in the sacred writings. Syr. translates by 8117, rice. The Rev. Henry Dimock, in a learned sermon on Matth. v. 18, Oxford. 1783, proposes n't, wheat, olive. -and panic.-Mr. Dimock, ubi supr. conjectures 11, and the fig. As Syr. renders by a word which signifies millet, which panic resembles, I have translated by this latter word from the similarity of its sound to 1. See Grotius. Panis fit e panico rarius. Plin. l. xviii. c. vii. The Massilians, when besieged by Cæsar, panico vetere omnes alebantur. B. C. ii. xxii. Though, according to Galen, it is dry and affords not much nutriment; it might be useful in voyages, because it could be preserved for a long time. V. Luther, Houb. Dathius, and many others, suppose the word to mean balsam. Casia. ó. 18. -of Helbon.-'Ek Xeλßóv. ó. MS. Vat. Mr. Dimock prefers ¡, of Lebanon. See Hos. xiv. 7. But he observes that Strabo and Hesychius mention Chalybonian wine as the produce of Syria. "It was so excellent that the Persian king drank no other: and Posidonius says that it grew in Damascus of Syria." Athen. Deipn. L. i. c. xxii. Casau 19 and in white wool. Dan also, and Javan from Uzal, were in thy fairs: they furnished wrought iron: casia, and 20 sweet reed, * were in thy market. Dedan was thy mer21 chant in gorgeous apparel for † horsemen. Arabia, and all the princes of Kedar, these were traffickers ‡ in thine handy-work: in lambs, and rams, and goats, in these they 22 became thy traffickers. The merchants of Sheba and * H. was. + H. riding. H. of thine hand. bon's note is, Chalybonium vinum Strabo, Hesychius, Eustathius, nasci in Syria scribunt. See Strabo p. 735. marg. It is observed that, in Suidas, for οἶνος Χαλυδώνιος we should read Χαλυβώνιος. Mr. Lowth says that Helbon is the same part of Syria which is called Chalybonitis by Ptolemy; and that it is now called Aleppo. 19. Dan also &c.—For 17 Theod. and V. read 17. According to Drusius some Greek copies have ▲aidàr, and Jerom's text has Dedan. Grotius thinks that Dan in the kingdom of Israel can scarcely be meant here; and finds that a city named Dana is placed by Ptolemy in the island of Ceilon. 7 is a city of Idumea. See Phaleg. 1. iv. c. vi. The very learned Michaelis, on Gen. x. 27, supposes Vadan, as well as Javan, to be a city, or people, of Arabia Felix. By Javan from Uzal we may understand inhabitants of the district of Javan, or Jeman, in Arabia, from Uzal a city of that district. Boch. Phaleg. 1. ii. c. xxi. Gen. x. 27. From Uzal. ó. Ar. Syr. “Azal nomen Sanaæ, quæ metropolis Arabia Felicis." Camusus, teste Golio. Michaelis on Gen. x. 27. .ut fabrefaceres. Syr ,לעשות for,עשות -- wrought iron.-Or, bright. See nwy. "wy ó. V. See Houb. "Ferrum fabrefactum. Refero ad radicem wy, fabricare, cogitare, moliri aliquid: unde nomen Thalmudicum hy, lamina ferrea. Buxt. lex. Rabb." Michaelis. Gen. x. 27. 20. for horsemen.-Ad equitandum. Cappellus. The is para .בכרי read .6 בגדי gogic. For 21. -Kedar.-Kedareni Arabes, quod nigrorem contrahant a sole. Boch. Phaleg. iv. ii. in these they became thy traffickers.-Houbigant joins the words, , pro mercaturis tuis. Or may signify forum, nundinæ. 22. Sheba. A people of Arabia Felix. Solis est thurea virga Sabæis. Virg. G. ii. 117. |