As for results, it was found that 4 strikes had terminated by agreement between employers and employees before committees of conciliation were formed. The offer of conciliation was rejected in 55 of the 148 remaining disputes, the rejection coming from employers in 46 cases, from the employees in 1 case, and from both employers and employees in 8 cases. In 13 of the 55 cases in which conciliation was rejected the dispute was terminated on the employees withdrawing their demands or accepting concessions previously offered, while in the 42 other cases strikes were declared or continued.

Committees of conciliation were constituted for the settlement of the remaining 93 disputes. Forty-two of these disputes were settled directly by such committees, and of the 51 disputes remaining 2 were settled by arbitration and 9 were settled by the parties themselves, after having appeared without success before committees of conciliation. Strikes were declared or continued after the failure of conciliation and arbitration in the 40 remaining disputes.

The following is a summary statement in regard to disputes in which recourse was had to the law concerning conciliation and arbitration during 1903, and for the preceding ten years, taken collectively:

SUMMARY OF CASES IN WHICH RECOURSE WAS HAD TO THE LAW CONCERNING CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION, 1893 TO 1902, AND 1903.

By arbitration...

Directly by the parties, after having had recourse to conciliation.

Total cases settled through the application of the law........

Strikes resulting or continuing:

After refusal of request for conciliation

After failure of recourse to conciliation and arbitration..

Total cases of failure after application of the law.

Relates to 1,253 disputes. Prior to 1900 the instances in which the application of the law were requested, and not the disputes themselves, were counted.

There were but 310 disputes settled by committees of conciliation. Three disputes have been counted twice, because 2 committees were formed in each case.

Including 4 disputes that were submitted to committees of conciliation after strike was declared. Hence the figures should be 424; but they are given as found in the report.

& Figures here should be 304; those given are, however, according to the original.

The above summary shows that of 152 disputes considered in 1903, 70 were settled directly or indirectly through the application of the law of 1892, and in the case of 82 the recourse to the law proved fruitless. Of the 70 disputes settled, 10 were favorable to the demands of the employees, 46 resulted in a compromise, and 14 were unfavorable to the employees. In the 82 disputes which continued after the failure of attempts at conciliation and arbitration the employees succeeded in 11, succeeded partly in 41, and failed in 30 cases.

GERMANY.

Streiks und Aussperrungen im Jahre 1903. Bearbeitet im Kaiserlichen Statistischen Amt. 263 pp.

This is the fifth annual report on strikes and lockouts published by the German imperial statistical bureau. The report contains analyses and summaries of the strikes and lockouts in 1903, copies of schedules of inquiry, and tables showing in detail, by locality and by industry for each dispute, the duration, establishments affected, total number of employees, strikers and others thrown out of employment, causes, results, manner of settlement, etc. The data relate to disputes ending in 1903.

STRIKES. During 1903 there were 1,374 strikes reported, affecting 7,000 establishments. Operations were completely suspended in 1,634 establishments. Of a total of 198,636 employees in the establishments affected, 85,603 participated in the strikes and 13,811 others were thrown out of employment on account of them.

The following table shows the results of the strikes in 1903:

RESULTS OF STRIKES, 1903.

[The column headed "Strikers" shows the maximum number of strikers engaged at any time during

Result of strikes.

Succeeded

Succeeded partly.

Failed.

Total

strike.]

Forty-six per cent of all the strikes in 1903 were complete failures, although the proportion of persons participating in unsuccessful strikes was 38 per cent of the total number of strikers. Only 16 per cent of the strikers were engaged in successful strikes.

The following table shows, by principal groups of industries, the number and results of strikes, the number of establishments and strikers involved, and the number of other employees thrown out of work on account of strikes during the year 1903.

SUMMARY OF STRIKES, BY GROUPS OF INDUSTRIES, 1903.

[The column headed "Strikers" shows the maximum number of strikers at any time during strike.]

The group of building trades, as in previous years, had the largest number of strikes, strikers, and establishments affected, 35,491, or 41 per cent, of all the strikers during 1903 being persons engaged in this industry. Of the building-trade strikes, 41 per cent were failures. Next in importance with regard to the number of persons involved are the groups of metal work, of textiles, and of wooden ware and carved goods. Seventy per cent of all the strikers belonged to these four

groups.

The next two tables show, respectively, the results of strikes according to their duration and according to the number of strikers involved:

SUMMARY OF STRIKES, BY DURATION, 1903.

[The column headed "Strikers" shows the maximum number of strikers at any time during strike.]

[The

SUMMARY OF STRIKES, BY NUMBER OF STRIKERS INVOLVED, 1903.

column headed "Strikers" shows the maximum number of strikers at any time during strike.]

i

The following table shows the causes and results of strikes in 1903,
Cause and not the strike being taken as the unit:

the

STRIKES, BY CAUSES AND RESULTS, 1903.

es due to two or more causes have been tabulated under each cause; hence the totals for this

table do not agree with those for the preceding tables.]

Cause or object.

Against reduction of wages..

For increase of wages..
For extra rate for overtime.
For extra pay for secondary work.
Other causes affecting wages.
Against increase of hours...
For reduction of hours..

a

For abolition or limitation of overtime work.
For reduction of hours on Saturday.

Other causes affecting hours of labor.
For change in method of payment.
Against change in method of payment.
For reinstatement of discharged employees.
For discharge or against employment of certain persons.
For discharge of foremen, etc.
Against being compelled to work on holidays.
For better sanitary conditions, etc..
Against use of material from establishment in which strike
For recognition of committee of employees.

or change of wage scale

Strikes which

24730

The results of strikes for the five-year period, 1899 to 1903, are shown in the table following:

LOCKOUTS.-During 1903 there were 70 lockouts reported, affecting 1,714 establishments. Of a total of 52,541 employees in the establishments affected, 35,273 were locked out and 835 others were thrown out of employment on account of the lockouts.

The following table shows the results of the lockouts in 1903:

RESULTS OF LOCKOUTS, 1903.

[The column headed "Persons locked out" shows the maximum number of persons locked out at any time during lockout.]

Of the lockouts in 1903, 51.4 per cent were successful, 21.4 per cent were partly successful, and 27.2 per cent were complete failures. Compared with the rates per cent for 1902 the successful lockouts for 1903 show a decrease of 13.8 per cent, the partly successful an increase of 6.2 per cent, and the complete failures an increase of 7.6 per cent.