In the aggregate, the frontier States have but 637,106 inhabitants, and, including Sinaloa and Durango, their population is only 953,625, or less than one million.

Yet these six States and one Territory have an area of 400,000 square miles, or more than one-half of the entire Mexican Republic.

Of mixed European and Indigenous blood, ths, or say 4,417,644

Total,

8,283,088

On an average the annual increase of the population of the Republic can be estimated at 144,000.

NUMBER OF FOREIGNERS WHO TOOK OUT "LETTERS OF SECURITY"

The total number of foreigners of both sexes who actually reside in the country, is estimated to be upwards of 25,000.

The number of foreigners resident in the country continues every year to increase, to a certain extent. The difference between the number of foreigners who entered and who left the Republic at the several seaports during the year 1854, is shown by the following statement:

CONFIGURATION OF THE COUNTRY.

The geological structure or physiognomy of Mexico is peculiar. The great Cordillera of the Andes, which traverses the whole of South America, from its southernmost limit, is exceedingly depressed at the Isthmus of Panama, and again at Tehuantepec, where it serves merely to form a barrier between the union of the Pacific and Atlantic. But as soon as this massive chain enters the broader portion of North America, it divides into two gigantic arms, one to the east and along the shores of the Gulf, and the other to the west along the shores of the Pacific, which support between them a continuous lofty platform, or series of table lands, crossed and intersected by innumerable sierras, some of which rise to the height of 17,000 feet above the level of the sca.

This geological structure prevails throughout the whole of Mexico; but on the eastern side the table land declines, until, at the Rio Grande, on entering Texas, it has reached the level of that river: and on the north toward El Paso, and along the frontier of Chihuahua and Sonora, its general elevation has become only some 3,000 to 4,000 feet.

The following lines of elevations will illustrate the peculiar topography of Mexico:

Those which flow through the Mexican territory are divided into three classes, viz.: those which flow into the Pacific Ocean, those which empty into the Gulf of Mexico, and those which terminate in lakes and lagunas, as will be seen by the following table:

Rivers.

States in which situated.

Length in miles.

Termination.

Bravo del Norte.. New Mexico, Chihuahua, Coahuila, 1,427 | Gulf of Mexico.

CLIMATE.

Mexico is divided into three regions, or superficial strata, which are classed as follows:

1st. The Tierras Calientes, or hot lands, which embrace chiefly that portion of the territory lying on the borders. of the Atlantic and Pacific, and extend up the slope of the respective ranges to an elevation of between three and four thousand feet.

This division, however, is not confined exclusively to the coast, for it also includes such portions of the interior as do not exceed this elevation, and where there are heat and moisture enough to produce the fruits of the tropics.

2d. The Tierras Templadas or temperate regions, comprise all that greater portion of the Republic having an elevation of between four thousand and eight thousand feet, embracing the whole of the vast plateau stretched between the mountains of the Gulf and those of the Pacific slope. This is the characteristic region of Mexico, and includes within its limits all the great centres of population of the Republic.

3d. The Tierras Frias, or cold lands. These comprise the mountainous districts rising above the level of the "Tierras Templadas " up to the limit of constant snow.

Between these elevations of eight thousand and three thousand feet, a considerable Indian population, hardy and independent, are to be found upon the Sierras, and also within it are many of the most extensive mining districts of the country.