On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, Or, The Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for LifeGrant Richards, 1902 - 454페이지 |
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accumulated adapted affinities allied species America amount analogous ancient appear Archipelago become bees believe birds breeds cause cells characters cirripedes climate closely allied colour common parent continuous crossed crustaceans degree difficulty distinct species divergence doubt embryo endemic Europe existing exterminated extinct extremely facts favourable fertility flowers formations forms fossil Gärtner genera genus geological geological period Glacial period gradations greater number groups of species habits Hence hermaphrodites hybrids hybrids produced important individuals inhabitants inherited insects instance instincts intercrossing land larvæ less living male mammals manner Marsupials migration modification modified descendants mongrels natural selection naturalists nearly nest oceanic islands offspring organisation perfect pigeons pistil plants pollen present principle probably produced progenitor ranked reciprocal crosses remarked resemble rock-pigeon rudimentary organs seeds sexual selection Silurian slight South America sterility structure struggle successive suppose tend theory tion trees variability variation vary whole widely
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423 페이지 - In the distant future I see open fields for far more important researches. Psychology will be based on a new foundation, that of the necessary acquirement of each mental power and capacity by gradation. Light will be thrown on the origin of man and his history.
74 페이지 - If such do occur, can we doubt (remembering that many more individuals are born than can possibly survive) that individuals having any advantage, however slight, over others, would have the best chance of surviving and of procreating their kind? On the other hand, we may feel sure that any variation in the least degree injurious would be rigidly destroyed. This preservation of favourable individual differences and variations, and the destruction of those which are injurious, I have called Natural...
76 페이지 - Nature's productions should be far " truer " in character than man's productions ; that they should be infinitely better adapted to the most complex conditions of life, and should plainly bear the stamp of far higher workmanship...
180 페이지 - If it could be proved that any part of the structure of any one species had been formed for the exclusive good of another species, it would annihilate my theory, for such could not have been produced through natural selection.
170 페이지 - If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed, which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down.
1 페이지 - When on board HMS Beagle, as naturalist, I was much struck with certain facts in the distribution of the organic beings inhabiting South America, and in the geological relations of the present to the past inhabitants of that continent.
375 페이지 - Nothing can be more hopeless than to attempt to explain this similarity of pattern in members of the same class, by utility or by the doctrine of final causes. The hopelessness of the attempt has been expressly admitted by Owen in his most interesting work on the 'Nature of Limbs.
67 페이지 - Battle within battle must ever be recurring with varying success ; and yet in the longrun the forces are so nicely balanced, that the face of nature remains uniform for long periods of time, though assuredly the merest trine would often give the victory to one organic being over another.
59 페이지 - It is the doctrine of Malthus applied with manifold force to the whole animal and vegetable kingdoms; for in this case there can be no artificial increase of food, and no prudential restraint from marriage. Although some species may be now increasing, more or less rapidly, in numbers, all cannot do so, for the world would not hold them. There is no exception to the rule that every organic being naturally increases at so high a rate, that if not destroyed, the earth would soon be covered by the progeny...
319 페이지 - Every species has come into existence coincident both in space and time with a pre-existing closely allied species.